目录
与SpringBoot整合实战
1. 生产端
SpringBoot整合配置详解-生产端
- publisher-confirms,实现一个监听器用于监听Broker端给我们返回的确认请求：RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback
- publisher-returns,保证消息对Broker端是可达的，如果出现路由键不可达的情况，则使用监听器对不可达的消息进行后续的处理，保证消息的路由成功：RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallback
- 注意一点，在发送消息的时候对template进行配置mandatory=true保证监听有效
- 生产端还可以配置其他属性，比如发送重试，超时时间，次数，间隔等
2. 消费端
消费端核心配置：
SpringBoot整合配置详解-消费端
##签收模式-手工签收
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode=manual
##设置监听限制：最大10，默认5
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.concurrency=5
spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.max-concurrency=10
SpringBoot整合配置详解-消费端
- 首先配置手工确认模式，用于ACK的手工处理，这样我们可以保证消息的可靠性送达，或者再消费端消费失败的时候可以做到重回队列（不建议）、根据业务记录日志等处理。
- 可以设置消费端的监听个数和最大个数，用于监控消费端的并发情况
@RabbitListener注解使用
@RabbitListener注解使用
@RabbitListener注解使用
- 消费端监听@RabbitListener注解,这个对于在实际工作中非常的好用
- @RabbitListener是一个组合注解，里面可以注解配置
- @QueueBinding、@Queue、@Exchange直接通过这个组合注解一次性搞定消费端交换机、队列、绑定、路由、并且配置监听功能等。
3. 代码示例
3.1 pom文件 和消息实体
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
import java.io.Serializable; public class Order implements Serializable { private String id; private String name; public Order() { } public Order(String id, String name) { super(); this.id = id; this.name = name; } public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } }
3.2 生产者
application.properties
spring.rabbitmq.addresses=192.168.11.76:5672 spring.rabbitmq.username=guest spring.rabbitmq.password=guest spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/ spring.rabbitmq.connection-timeout=15000 spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true spring.rabbitmq.template.mandatory=true
- RabbitSender
import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallback; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.support.CorrelationData; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.messaging.Message; import org.springframework.messaging.MessageHeaders; import org.springframework.messaging.support.MessageBuilder; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import com.bfxy.springboot.entity.Order; @Component public class RabbitSender { //自动注入RabbitTemplate模板类 @Autowired private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; //回调函数: confirm确认 final ConfirmCallback confirmCallback = new RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback() { @Override public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) { System.err.println("correlationData: " + correlationData); System.err.println("ack: " + ack); if(!ack){ System.err.println("异常处理...."); } } }; //回调函数: return返回 final ReturnCallback returnCallback = new RabbitTemplate.ReturnCallback() { @Override public void returnedMessage(org.springframework.amqp.core.Message message, int replyCode, String replyText, String exchange, String routingKey) { System.err.println("return exchange: " + exchange + ", routingKey: " + routingKey + ", replyCode: " + replyCode + ", replyText: " + replyText); } }; //发送消息方法调用: 构建Message消息 public void send(Object message, Map<String, Object> properties) throws Exception { MessageHeaders mhs = new MessageHeaders(properties); Message msg = MessageBuilder.createMessage(message, mhs); rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(confirmCallback); rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(returnCallback); //id + 时间戳 全局唯一 CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData("1234567890"); rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange-1", "springboot.abc", msg, correlationData); } //发送消息方法调用: 构建自定义对象消息 public void sendOrder(Order order) throws Exception { rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(confirmCallback); rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback(returnCallback); //id + 时间戳 全局唯一 CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData("0987654321"); rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange-2", "springboot.def", order, correlationData); } }
- 测试类
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; import com.bfxy.springboot.entity.Order; import com.bfxy.springboot.producer.RabbitSender; @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public class ApplicationTests { @Test public void contextLoads() { } @Autowired private RabbitSender rabbitSender; private static SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS"); @Test public void testSender1() throws Exception { Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<>(); properties.put("number", "12345"); properties.put("send_time", simpleDateFormat.format(new Date())); rabbitSender.send("Hello RabbitMQ For Spring Boot!", properties); } @Test public void testSender2() throws Exception { Order order = new Order("001", "第一个订单"); rabbitSender.sendOrder(order); } }
3.3 消费者
application.properties
spring.rabbitmq.addresses=192.168.11.76:5672 spring.rabbitmq.username=guest spring.rabbitmq.password=guest spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/ spring.rabbitmq.connection-timeout=15000 spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode=manual spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.concurrency=5 spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.max-concurrency=10 spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.name=queue-2 spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.durable=true spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.name=exchange-2 spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.durable=true spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.type=topic spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.ignoreDeclarationExceptions=true spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.key=springboot.*
- RabbitReceiver
package com.bfxy.springboot.conusmer; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener; import org.springframework.amqp.support.AmqpHeaders; import org.springframework.messaging.Message; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Headers; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Payload; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel; @Component public class RabbitReceiver { @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( value = @Queue(value = "queue-1", durable="true"), exchange = @Exchange(value = "exchange-1", durable="true", type= "topic", ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "true"), key = "springboot.*" ) ) @RabbitHandler public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception { System.err.println("--------------------------------------"); System.err.println("消费端Payload: " + message.getPayload()); Long deliveryTag = (Long)message.getHeaders().get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG); //手工ACK channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false); } /** * * spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.name=queue-2 spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.durable=true spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.name=exchange-1 spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.durable=true spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.type=topic spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.ignoreDeclarationExceptions=true spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.key=springboot.* * @param order * @param channel * @param headers * @throws Exception */ @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( value = @Queue(value = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.name}", durable="${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.queue.durable}"), exchange = @Exchange(value = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.name}", durable="${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.durable}", type= "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.type}", ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.exchange.ignoreDeclarationExceptions}"), key = "${spring.rabbitmq.listener.order.key}" ) ) @RabbitHandler public void onOrderMessage(@Payload com.bfxy.springboot.entity.Order order, Channel channel, @Headers Map<String, Object> headers) throws Exception { System.err.println("--------------------------------------"); System.err.println("消费端order: " + order.getId()); Long deliveryTag = (Long)headers.get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG); //手工ACK channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false); } }
与Spring Cloud Stream整合实战
与Spring Cloud Stream整合
Spring Cloud，这个全家桶框架在整个中小型互联网公司异常的火爆，那么相对应的Spring Cloud Stream 就渐渐的被大家所重视起来，这一节课主要来介绍Spring Cloud Stream如何与RabbitMQ进行集成。
1. 架构介绍
- Destination Binder:包含自己的应用Application
- 左边是RabbitMQ、右边是Kafka。表示消息的生产与发送，可以是不同的消息中间件。这是Spring Cloud Stream 最上层的一个抽象。非常好的地方。
- 两个比较重要的地方：inputs(输入)消息接收端、outputs(输出)消息发送端
- 一个 Spring Cloud Stream 应用以消息中间件为核心，应用通过Spring Cloud Stream注入的输入/输出通道 channels 与外部进行通信。channels 通过特定的Binder实现与外部消息中间件进行通信。
- 黄色：表示RabbitMQ
- 绿色：插件，消息的输入输出都套了一层插件，插件可以用于各种各样不同的消息，也可以用于消息中间件的替换。
2. 核心概念：
- Barista [bəˈri:stə] 接口：Barista接口是定义来作为后面类的参数，这一接口定义来通道类型和通道名称，
- 通道名称是作为配置用，
- 通道类型则决定了app会使用这一通道进行发送消息还是从中接收消息。
通道接口如何定义：
- @Output：输出注解，用于定义发送消息接口
- @Input：输入注解，用于定义消息的消费者接口
- @StreamListener：用于定义监听方法的注解
使用Spring Cloud Stream 非常简单，只需要使用好这3个注解即可，在实现高性能消息的生产和消费的场景非常合适，但是使用SpringCloudStream框架有一个非常大的问题,就是不能实现可靠性的投递，也就是没法保证消息的100%可靠性，会存在少量消息丢失的问题。
- 目前SpringCloudStream整合了RabbitMQ与Kafka，我们都知道Kafka是无法进行消息可靠性投递的，这个原因是因为SpringCloudStream框架为了和Kafka兼顾所以在实际工作中使用它的目的就是针对高性能的消息通信的！这点就是在当前版本SpringCloudStream的定位。
- 因此在实际的工作中，可以采用SpringCloudStream，如果需要保证可靠性投递，也可以单独采用RabbitMQ，也是可以的。
3. 代码示例
3.1 pom文件 和 消息实体
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--spring-cloud-starter-stream--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId> <version>1.3.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
3.2 生产者
- application.properties
server.port=8001 server.servlet.context-path=/producer spring.application.name=producer spring.cloud.stream.bindings.output_channel.destination=exchange-3 spring.cloud.stream.bindings.output_channel.group=queue-3 spring.cloud.stream.bindings.output_channel.binder=rabbit_cluster spring.cloud.stream.binders.rabbit_cluster.type=rabbit spring.cloud.stream.binders.rabbit_cluster.environment.spring.rabbitmq.addresses=192.168.11.76:5672 spring.cloud.stream.binders.rabbit_cluster.environment.spring.rabbitmq.username=guest spring.cloud.stream.binders.rabbit_cluster.environment.spring.rabbitmq.password=guest spring.cloud.stream.binders.rabbit_cluster.environment.spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
- Barista接口
package com.bfxy.rabbitmq.stream; import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.Output; import org.springframework.messaging.MessageChannel; /** * <B>中文类名：</B><BR> * <B>概要说明：</B><BR> * 这里的Barista接口是定义来作为后面类的参数，这一接口定义来通道类型和通道名称。 * 通道名称是作为配置用，通道类型则决定了app会使用这一通道进行发送消息还是从中接收消息。 */ public interface Barista { //String INPUT_CHANNEL = "input_channel"; String OUTPUT_CHANNEL = "output_channel"; //注解@Input声明了它是一个输入类型的通道，名字是Barista.INPUT_CHANNEL，也就是position3的input_channel。这一名字与上述配置app2的配置文件中position1应该一致，表明注入了一个名字叫做input_channel的通道，它的类型是input，订阅的主题是position2处声明的mydest这个主题 // @Input(Barista.INPUT_CHANNEL) // SubscribableChannel loginput(); //注解@Output声明了它是一个输出类型的通道，名字是output_channel。这一名字与app1中通道名一致，表明注入了一个名字为output_channel的通道，类型是output，发布的主题名为mydest。 @Output(Barista.OUTPUT_CHANNEL) MessageChannel logoutput(); // String INPUT_BASE = "queue-1"; // String OUTPUT_BASE = "queue-1"; // @Input(Barista.INPUT_BASE) // SubscribableChannel input1(); // MessageChannel output1(); }
- RabbitmqSender
package com.bfxy.rabbitmq.stream; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding; import org.springframework.messaging.Message; import org.springframework.messaging.MessageHeaders; import org.springframework.messaging.support.MessageBuilder; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @EnableBinding(Barista.class) @Service public class RabbitmqSender { @Autowired private Barista barista; // 发送消息 public String sendMessage(Object message, Map<String, Object> properties) throws Exception { try{ MessageHeaders mhs = new MessageHeaders(properties); Message msg = MessageBuilder.createMessage(message, mhs); boolean sendStatus = barista.logoutput().send(msg); System.err.println("--------------sending -------------------"); System.out.println("发送数据：" + message + ",sendStatus: " + sendStatus); }catch (Exception e){ System.err.println("-------------error-------------"); e.printStackTrace(); throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage()); } return null; } }
- 测试类
package com.bfxy.rabbitmq; import java.util.Date; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import org.apache.http.client.utils.DateUtils; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; import com.bfxy.rabbitmq.stream.RabbitmqSender; @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public class ApplicationTests { @Autowired private RabbitmqSender rabbitmqSender; @Test public void sendMessageTest1() { for(int i = 0; i < 1; i ++){ try { Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<String, Object>(); properties.put("SERIAL_NUMBER", "12345"); properties.put("BANK_NUMBER", "abc"); properties.put("PLAT_SEND_TIME", DateUtils.formatDate(new Date(), "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS")); rabbitmqSender.sendMessage("Hello, I am amqp sender num :" + i, properties); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("--------error-------"); e.printStackTrace(); } } //TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE); } }
3.3 消费者
- application.properties
server.port=8002 server.context-path=/consumer spring.application.name=consumer spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input_channel.destination=exchange-3 spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input_channel.group=queue-3 spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input_channel.binder=rabbit_cluster spring.cloud.stream.bindings.input_channel.consumer.concurrency=1 spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input_channel.consumer.requeue-rejected=false spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input_channel.consumer.acknowledge-mode=MANUAL spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input_channel.consumer.recovery-interval=3000 spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input_channel.consumer.durable-subscription=true spring.cloud.stream.rabbit.bindings.input_channel.consumer.max-concurrency=5 spring.cloud.stream.binders.rabbit_cluster.type=rabbit spring.cloud.stream.binders.rabbit_cluster.environment.spring.rabbitmq.addresses=192.168.11.76:5672 spring.cloud.stream.binders.rabbit_cluster.environment.spring.rabbitmq.username=guest spring.cloud.stream.binders.rabbit_cluster.environment.spring.rabbitmq.password=guest spring.cloud.stream.binders.rabbit_cluster.environment.spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/
Barista接口
package com.bfxy.rabbitmq.stream; import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.Input; import org.springframework.messaging.SubscribableChannel; /** * <B>中文类名：</B><BR> * <B>概要说明：</B><BR> * 这里的Barista接口是定义来作为后面类的参数，这一接口定义来通道类型和通道名称。 * 通道名称是作为配置用，通道类型则决定了app会使用这一通道进行发送消息还是从中接收消息。 * @author ashen（Alienware） * @since 2016年7月22日 */ public interface Barista { String INPUT_CHANNEL = "input_channel"; //注解@Input声明了它是一个输入类型的通道，名字是Barista.INPUT_CHANNEL，也就是position3的input_channel。这一名字与上述配置app2的配置文件中position1应该一致，表明注入了一个名字叫做input_channel的通道，它的类型是input，订阅的主题是position2处声明的mydest这个主题 @Input(Barista.INPUT_CHANNEL) SubscribableChannel loginput(); }
RabbitmqReceiver
package com.bfxy.rabbitmq.stream; import org.springframework.amqp.support.AmqpHeaders; import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding; import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.StreamListener; import org.springframework.messaging.Message; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel; @EnableBinding(Barista.class) @Service public class RabbitmqReceiver { @StreamListener(Barista.INPUT_CHANNEL) public void receiver(Message message) throws Exception { Channel channel = (com.rabbitmq.client.Channel) message.getHeaders().get(AmqpHeaders.CHANNEL); Long deliveryTag = (Long) message.getHeaders().get(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG); System.out.println("Input Stream 1 接受数据：" + message); System.out.println("消费完毕------------"); channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, false); } }
