<dependency>
    <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
    <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
    <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
    <version>20.0</version>
</dependency>

    @Inherited
    @Documented
    @Target(ElementType.METHOD)
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    public @interface RateLimit {
        double limitNum() default 20;  //默认每秒放入桶中的token
    }

public class MyResult {
private Integer status;
private String msg;
private List<Object> data;
public MyResult(Integer status, String msg, List<Object> data) {
  this.status = status;
  this.msg = msg;
  this.data = data;
}
public static MyResult OK(String msg, List<Object> data) {
  return new MyResult(200, msg, data);
}
public static MyResult Error(Integer status, String msg) {
  return new MyResult(status, msg, null);
}

@Component
@Scope
@Aspect
public class RateLimitAspect {
    private Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
    //用来存放不同接口的RateLimiter(key为接口名称，value为RateLimiter)
    //在有RBAC框架的项目中，这个地方可以使用加载数据库配置的办法
    private ConcurrentHashMap<String, RateLimiter> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    private static ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
    private RateLimiter rateLimiter;
    @Autowired
    private HttpServletResponse response;
    @Pointcut("@annotation(com.icat.retalimitaop.annotation.RateLimit)")
    public void serviceLimit() {
    }
    @Around("serviceLimit()")
    public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws NoSuchMethodException {
        Object obj = null;
        //获取拦截的方法名
        Signature sig = joinPoint.getSignature();
        //获取拦截的方法名
        MethodSignature msig = (MethodSignature) sig;
        //返回被织入增加处理目标对象
        Object target = joinPoint.getTarget();
        //为了获取注解信息
        Method currentMethod = target.getClass().getMethod(msig.getName(), msig.getParameterTypes());
        //获取注解信息
        RateLimit annotation = currentMethod.getAnnotation(RateLimit.class);
        double limitNum = annotation.limitNum(); //获取注解每秒加入桶中的token
        String functionName = msig.getName(); // 注解所在方法名区分不同的限流策略
        //获取rateLimiter
         if(map.containsKey(functionName)){
             rateLimiter = map.get(functionName);
         }else {
             map.put(functionName, RateLimiter.create(limitNum));
             rateLimiter = map.get(functionName);
         }
        try {
            if (rateLimiter.tryAcquire()) {
                //执行方法
                obj = joinPoint.proceed();
            } else {
                //拒绝了请求（服务降级）
                String result = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(MyResult.Error(500, "系统繁忙！"));
                log.info("拒绝了请求：" + result);
                outErrorResult(result);
            }
        } catch (Throwable throwable) {
            throwable.printStackTrace();
        }
        return obj;
    }
    //将结果返回
    public void outErrorResult(String result) {
        response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        try (ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream()) {
            outputStream.write(result.getBytes("utf-8"));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    static {
        objectMapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL);
    }
}

static final class SmoothWarmingUp extends SmoothRateLimiter {
    private final long warmupPeriodMicros;
    /**
     * The slope of the line from the stable interval (when permits == 0), to the cold interval
     * (when permits == maxPermits)
     */
    private double slope;
    private double thresholdPermits;
    private double coldFactor;
    ...
}
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*          ^ throttling
*          |
*    cold  +                  /
* interval |                 /.
*          |                / .
*          |               /  .   ← "warmup period" is the area of the trapezoid between
*          |              /   .     thresholdPermits and maxPermits
*          |             /    .
*          |            /     .
*          |           /      .
*   stable +----------/  WARM .
* interval |          .   UP  .
*          |          . PERIOD.
*          |          .       .
*        0 +----------+-------+--------------→ storedPermits
*          0 thresholdPermits maxPermits
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@Override
long storedPermitsToWaitTime(double storedPermits, double permitsToTake) {
    double availablePermitsAboveThreshold = storedPermits - thresholdPermits;
    long micros = 0;
    // measuring the integral on the right part of the function (the climbing line)
    if (availablePermitsAboveThreshold > 0.0) { // 如果当前 storedPermits 超过 availablePermitsAboveThreshold 则计算从 超过部分拿令牌所需要的时间（图中的 WARM UP PERIOD）
        // WARM UP PERIOD 部分计算的方法，这部分是一个梯形，梯形的面积计算公式是 “（上底 + 下底） * 高 / 2”
        double permitsAboveThresholdToTake = min(availablePermitsAboveThreshold, permitsToTake);
        // TODO(cpovirk): Figure out a good name for this variable.
        double length = permitsToTime(availablePermitsAboveThreshold)
                + permitsToTime(availablePermitsAboveThreshold - permitsAboveThresholdToTake);
        micros = (long) (permitsAboveThresholdToTake * length / 2.0); // 计算出从 WARM UP PERIOD 拿走令牌的时间
        permitsToTake -= permitsAboveThresholdToTake; // 剩余的令牌从 stable 部分拿
    }
    // measuring the integral on the left part of the function (the horizontal line)
    micros += (stableIntervalMicros * permitsToTake); // stable 部分令牌获取花费的时间
    return micros;
}
// WARM UP PERIOD 部分 获取相应令牌所对应的的时间
private double permitsToTime(double permits) {
    return stableIntervalMicros + permits * slope;
}
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