今年这个鼠年，尽管只是刚过了一个开头，但现实仿佛把我们很多年才需要经历的不好的事情，都在一瞬间抛向了我们，这个鼠年好像缺了点福气，本节我们使用 Python 画一只福鼠，为大家增添点福气，我们需要用到的是 turtle 库。
头部
首先，我们画福鼠的头部，头部主要包括：眼睛、耳朵、鼻子、胡子、牙齿等，代码实现如下所示：
import turtle def head(): turtle.color('black') # 脸轮廓 turtle.fillcolor('#FFE4B5') turtle.begin_fill() # 落笔 turtle.pd() # 画一个半径为指定值的圆 turtle.circle(50) # 提笔 turtle.pu() turtle.end_fill() # 移动到指定坐标位置，参数 1 代表 x 轴位置，参数 2 代表 y 轴位置 turtle.goto(50, 60) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(25, 255) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(60, 80) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(-10, -200) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-50, 60) turtle.pd() # 按逆时针改变行进方向 turtle.seth(180) turtle.circle(-25, 255) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-60, 80) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(10, -200) turtle.pu() # 眼睛 turtle.goto(10, 65) turtle.seth(45) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(-8, 360) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(13, 62) turtle.fillcolor('black') turtle.begin_fill() turtle.pd() turtle.circle(-4, -360) turtle.pu() turtle.end_fill() turtle.goto(-10, 65) turtle.seth(135) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(8, 360) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-13, 62) turtle.fillcolor('black') turtle.begin_fill() turtle.pd() turtle.circle(4, 360) turtle.pu() turtle.end_fill() # 鼻子 turtle.goto(-6, 45) turtle.seth(70) turtle.fillcolor('red') turtle.begin_fill() turtle.pd() turtle.circle(-6, 150) turtle.pu() turtle.end_fill() turtle.goto(-6, 45) turtle.seth(-70) turtle.fillcolor('red') turtle.begin_fill() turtle.pd() turtle.circle(6, 150) turtle.pu() turtle.end_fill() # 嘴 turtle.goto(0, 40) turtle.seth(270) turtle.pd() turtle.forward(7) turtle.pu() turtle.seth(200) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(-15, 60) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(0, 33) turtle.seth(-20) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(15, 60) turtle.pu() # 牙齿 turtle.goto(0, 33) turtle.seth(270) turtle.pd() turtle.forward(13) turtle.seth(180) turtle.forward(6) turtle.seth(90) turtle.forward(13) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(6, 33) turtle.seth(270) turtle.pd() turtle.forward(13) turtle.seth(180) turtle.forward(6) turtle.pu() # 胡子 turtle.goto(30, 30) turtle.seth(8) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(-40, 40) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(30, 25) turtle.seth(-5) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(-40, 40) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(30, 20) turtle.seth(-18) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(-40, 40) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-30, 30) turtle.seth(172) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(40, 40) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-30, 25) turtle.seth(188) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(40, 40) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-30, 20) turtle.seth(196) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(40, 40) turtle.pu()
帽子
接下来给福鼠画一顶帽子，我们打算把这顶帽子画得古风一点，原型选了电视剧中宋朝官员的官帽，代码实现如下所示：
def hat(): turtle.goto(-20, 97) turtle.pd() turtle.seth(80) turtle.forward(20) turtle.seth(60) turtle.circle(-20, 140) turtle.seth(-85) turtle.forward(18) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(50, 115) turtle.pd() turtle.goto(-50, 115) turtle.pu() turtle.end_fill() turtle.goto(19, 115) turtle.pd() turtle.goto(50, 115) turtle.seth(0) turtle.fillcolor('gold2') turtle.begin_fill() turtle.circle(10) turtle.seth(90) turtle.circle(10, 90) turtle.seth(0) turtle.circle(10, 90) turtle.seth(270) turtle.circle(10, 90) turtle.seth(180) turtle.circle(10, 90) turtle.pu() turtle.end_fill() turtle.goto(-19, 115) turtle.pd() turtle.goto(-50, 115) turtle.seth(0) turtle.fillcolor('gold2') turtle.begin_fill() turtle.circle(10) turtle.seth(90) turtle.circle(10, 90) turtle.seth(0) turtle.circle(10, 90) turtle.seth(270) turtle.circle(10, 90) turtle.seth(180) turtle.circle(10, 90) turtle.pu() turtle.end_fill()
身体
我们知道福鼠本身并不是真实存在的，而是一种以动物为原型的虚拟化形象，这种形象一般都是头部保留了动物本身的面貌，而身体是人类身体的形状，比如：西游记中孙悟空、猪八戒就是这样的，这里我们也把福鼠的身体画成人身体的形状，代码实现如下所示：
def body(): # 上半身 turtle.goto(-25, 8) turtle.seth(240) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(150, 15) turtle.seth(270) turtle.circle(40, 15) turtle.circle(15, 65) turtle.seth(0) turtle.forward(10) turtle.circle(10, 100) turtle.seth(90) turtle.circle(10, 100) turtle.seth(180) turtle.forward(10) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(25, 8) turtle.seth(-60) turtle.pd() turtle.circle(-150, 15) turtle.seth(270) turtle.circle(-40, 15) turtle.circle(-15, 65) turtle.seth(180) turtle.forward(10) turtle.circle(-10, 100) turtle.seth(90) turtle.circle(-10, 100) turtle.seth(0) turtle.forward(10) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-20, 4) turtle.pd() turtle.goto(-16, -4) turtle.goto(16, -4) turtle.goto(20, 4) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(0, -5) turtle.pd() turtle.goto(0, -50) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-30, -48) turtle.pd() turtle.goto(-30, -60) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(30, -48) turtle.pd() turtle.goto(30, -60) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-30, -55) turtle.pd() turtle.goto(30, -55) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-30, -60) turtle.pd() # 参数 1 为绘制颜色，参数 2 为填充颜色 turtle.color('black', 'red') turtle.begin_fill() turtle.goto(30, -60) turtle.pu() # 下半身 turtle.goto(-25, -60) turtle.pd() turtle.goto(-35, -100) turtle.goto(-20, -100) turtle.goto(-0, -60) turtle.goto(20, -100) turtle.goto(35, -100) turtle.goto(25, -60) turtle.end_fill() turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-33, -100) turtle.pd() turtle.color('black', 'blue') turtle.begin_fill() turtle.seth(270) turtle.circle(6, 180) turtle.end_fill() turtle.pu() turtle.goto(33, -100) turtle.pd() turtle.color('black', 'blue') turtle.begin_fill() turtle.seth(270) turtle.circle(-6, 180) turtle.end_fill() turtle.pu()
文字
福鼠当然少不了祝福语，我找了四句：鼠你有钱、鼠你健康、鼠你快乐、鼠你幸运，最后，我们把这四个词语分别画在福鼠的四周，代码实现如下所示：
def word(): turtle.color('red') turtle.goto(-30, 150) turtle.pd() turtle.write('鼠', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-10, 150) turtle.pd() turtle.write('你', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(10, 150) turtle.pd() turtle.write('有', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(30, 150) turtle.pd() turtle.write('钱', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-30, -150) turtle.pd() turtle.write('鼠', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-10, -150) turtle.pd() turtle.write('你', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(10, -150) turtle.pd() turtle.write('健', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(30, -150) turtle.pd() turtle.write('康', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-90,-10) turtle.pd() turtle.write('鼠', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-90, -30) turtle.pd() turtle.write('你', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-90, -50) turtle.pd() turtle.write('快', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(-90, -70) turtle.pd() turtle.write('乐', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(90, -10) turtle.pd() turtle.write('鼠', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(90, -30) turtle.pd() turtle.write('你', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(90, -50) turtle.pd() turtle.write('幸', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.goto(90, -70) turtle.pd() turtle.write('运', move=False, align='center', font=('Arial', 14, 'normal')) turtle.pu() turtle.hideturtle()
调用代码如下：
if __name__ == '__main__': head() hat() body() word() # 隐藏画笔 turtle.hideturtle() # 停止画笔，但不关闭窗体 turtle.done()
看一下最终效果：
总结
本文我们使用 Python 的 turtle 库画了一只福鼠，不知道与大家想象中的福鼠形象一样吗？如果不一样呢，大家可以自己动手把这只福鼠修改成自己理想中的样子。
