【鸿蒙 HarmonyOS】Ability 中使用 XML 布局文件绘制布局及 UI 组件（二）-阿里云开发者社区

【鸿蒙 HarmonyOS】Ability 中使用 XML 布局文件绘制布局及 UI 组件（二）

2022-01-28 280

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简介： 【鸿蒙 HarmonyOS】Ability 中使用 XML 布局文件绘制布局及 UI 组件（二）

四、配置 Ability

创建完成后 , 会在 config.json 中的 “abilities” 标签下添加如下 Ability 配置 :

{
        "orientation": "unspecified",
        "visible": true,
        "name": "com.example.abilityxml.MyAbility",
        "icon": "$media:icon",
        "description": "$string:myability_description",
        "label": "abilityxml",
        "type": "page",
        "launchType": "standard"
      }

orientation 设置方向 , 横屏 / 竖屏 ;

name 设置完整的包名.类名 ;

icon 设置窗口图标 ;

description 设置描述字符串 ;

type 设置当前的 Ability 类型 ;

launchType 设置启动模式 ;

设置该 Ability 为启动 Ability , 将 config.json 中该 Ability 配置放在 “abilities”: [] 标签中第一个 , 按照如下配置 , 自定义的 com.example.abilityxml.MyAbility 就是应用启动后显示的第一个 Ability ;

"abilities": [
      {
        "orientation": "unspecified",
        "visible": true,
        "name": "com.example.abilityxml.MyAbility",
        "icon": "$media:icon",
        "description": "$string:myability_description",
        "label": "abilityxml",
        "type": "page",
        "launchType": "standard"
      },
      {
        "orientation": "unspecified",
        "visible": true,
        "name": "com.example.abilityxml.MainAbility",
        "icon": "$media:icon",
        "description": "$string:mainability_description",
        "label": "AbilityXml",
        "type": "page",
        "launchType": "standard"
      }
    ]

五、Ability 加载布局文件

Ability 中加载布局文件 , 在 onStart 中调用 super.setUIContent ( ) 方法 , 设置加载的布局文件 ID , 代码如下 :

package com.example.abilityxml;
import com.example.abilityxml.slice.MyAbilitySlice;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
public class MyAbility extends Ability {
    @Override
    public void onStart(Intent intent) {
        super.onStart(intent);
        //super.setMainRoute(MyAbilitySlice.class.getName());
        // 显示自定义的 mylayout.xml 布局文件
        super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_mylayout);
    }
}

六、完整代码及效果展示

Ability 代码 :

package com.example.abilityxml;
import com.example.abilityxml.slice.MyAbilitySlice;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
public class MyAbility extends Ability {
    @Override
    public void onStart(Intent intent) {
        super.onStart(intent);
        //super.setMainRoute(MyAbilitySlice.class.getName());
        // 显示自定义的 mylayout.xml 布局文件
        super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_mylayout);
    }
}

布局文件代码 :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<DirectionalLayout
    xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"
    ohos:height="match_parent"
    ohos:width="match_parent"
    ohos:orientation="vertical"
    ohos:alignment="center">
    <Text
        ohos:id="$+id:text"
        ohos:width="match_parent"
        ohos:height="match_content"
        ohos:text="自定义布局 Text 组件"
        ohos:text_size="100"
        ohos:text_alignment="center"
         />
</DirectionalLayout>

config.json 配置文件代码 :

{
  "app": {
    "bundleName": "com.example.harmony",
    "vendor": "example",
    "version": {
      "code": 1,
      "name": "1.0"
    },
    "apiVersion": {
      "compatible": 3,
      "target": 4,
      "releaseType": "Beta1"
    }
  },
  "deviceConfig": {},
  "module": {
    "package": "com.example.abilityxml",
    "name": ".MyApplication",
    "deviceType": [
      "phone"
    ],
    "distro": {
      "deliveryWithInstall": true,
      "moduleName": "abilityxml",
      "moduleType": "feature"
    },
    "abilities": [
      {
        "orientation": "unspecified",
        "visible": true,
        "name": "com.example.abilityxml.MyAbility",
        "icon": "$media:icon",
        "description": "$string:myability_description",
        "label": "abilityxml",
        "type": "page",
        "launchType": "standard"
      },
      {
        "orientation": "unspecified",
        "visible": true,
        "name": "com.example.abilityxml.MainAbility",
        "icon": "$media:icon",
        "description": "$string:mainability_description",
        "label": "AbilityXml",
        "type": "page",
        "launchType": "standard"
      }
    ]
  }
}