前言

原理：

自定义解析本地化字符串的工具类LanguageManager
应用内切换语言生效的技术实现:采用销毁根控制器，重新进入一次
本地化字符串指定参数顺序

划重点:

字符串的本地化
自定义解析本地化字符串的工具类LanguageManager、
例子：登录界面切换中英文（内含demo）

应用内切换语言生效的技术实现:

销毁根控制器，重新进入一次（采用） 2.通过发通知，到各个控制器更新文字（不采用）

从CSDN下载【iOS APP 内的国际化切换】demo源码：https://download.csdn.net/download/u011018979/19089505

I 字符串的本地化

1.1 用法

创建字符串资源文件Localizable.strings

为Localizable.strings添加多语言支持

选 make Localize代表会将Localizable.strings加入到英语的本地化文件夹en.lproj中去

Localizable.strings(English)对应en.lproj文件夹中的Localizable.strings文件 Localizable.strings(Chinese)对应zh-Hans.lproj文件夹中的Localizable.strings文件

在资源文件Localizable.strings配置字符串对应的key和value。

en.lproj/Localizable.strings

static NSString * const kSystem      = @"SystemDefault";
static NSString * const kCH          = @"zh-Hans";
static NSString * const kEN          = @"en";
static NSString * const kProj        = @"lproj";
static NSString * const kLanguageSet = @"kLanguageSet";
"Connected" = "Connected";
"Tip"="Tip";

zh-Hans.lproj/Localizable.strings

"Connected" = "已连接";
"Tip"="提示";

在代码中使用NSLocalizedString(key, comment)来读取本地化字符串，key是Localizable.strings文件中等号左边的字符串，comment纯粹是注释

 #define NSLocalizedString(key, comment) \
     [NSBundle.mainBundle localizedStringForKey:(key) value:@"" table:nil]
#define NSLocalizedStringFromTable(key, tbl, comment) \
     [NSBundle.mainBundle localizedStringForKey:(key) value:@"" table:(tbl)]
#define NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(key, tbl, bundle, comment) \
     [bundle localizedStringForKey:(key) value:@"" table:(tbl)]
#define NSLocalizedStringWithDefaultValue(key, tbl, bundle, val, comment) \
     [bundle localizedStringForKey:(key) value:(val) table:(tbl)]

这里使用封装的宏进行读取本地化字符串

//程序的本地化,引用国际化的文件
#define QCTLocal(x, ...) HZLocalizedString(x, nil)
#define HZLocalizedString(key, comment)               HZLocalizedStringFromTable(key, @"Localizable", nil)
#define HZLocalizedStringFromTable(key, tbl, comment) [[HZLanguageManager defaultManager] stringWithKey:key table:tbl]
/**
 国际化
 @param key <#key description#>
 @param table Localizable
 @return <#return value description#>
 */
- (NSString *)stringWithKey:(NSString *)key table:(NSString *)table
{
    //假如为跟随系统
    if (self.languageType==HZLanguageTypeSystem) {
        return  NSLocalizedString(key, nil);
    }
    //返回对应国际化文字
    if (_bundle) {
        return  NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(key, table, _bundle, nil);
    }
    return NSLocalizedStringFromTable(key, table, nil);
}
// 使用QCTLocal读取本地化字符串
        [LBAlertController showAlertTitle:QCTLocal(@"tips") content:QCTLocal(@"str_cann_printer") cancelString:QCTLocal(@"cancel") cancleBlock:nil sureString:QCTLocal(@"sure") sureBlock:^{

如果没有对字符串进行本地化或者找不到key对应的值，NSLocalizedString将直接返回key这个字符串

1.2 本地化字符串指定参数顺序

对于在中英文语法的区别，在本地化字符串的时候，我们常常需要调整stringWithFormat的参数顺序

iOS本地化字符串指定参数顺序：应用场景：app内的多语言切换

文章：https://kunnan.blog.csdn.net/article/details/108793150 原理：在%和@中间加上数值,2$)，数字代表参数的顺序

"FORMAT" = "I am %2$@ from '%1$@'";

II、自定义解析本地化字符串的工具类LanguageManager

2.1 代码实现

LanguageManager

从CSDN下载【iOS APP 内的国际化切换】demo源码：https://download.csdn.net/download/u011018979/19089505

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#define HZLocalizedString(key, comment)               HZLocalizedStringFromTable(key, @"Localizable", nil)
#define HZLocalizedStringFromTable(key, tbl, comment) [[HZLanguageManager defaultManager] stringWithKey:key table:tbl]
static NSString * const kNoticeLanguageChange = @"kNoticeLanguageChange";
typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, HZLanguageType) {
    HZLanguageTypeSystem,
    HZLanguageTypeEnglish,
    HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple,
};
@interface HZLanguageManager : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, assign, getter=currentLanguageType) HZLanguageType languageType;
+ (instancetype)defaultManager;
- (void)changeLanguageType:(HZLanguageType)type;
- (NSString *)stringWithKey:(NSString *)key table:(NSString *)table;
- (HZLanguageType)currentLanguage;
+ (BOOL )isEN;

LanguageManager.h .m

static NSString * const kSystem      = @"SystemDefault";
static NSString * const kCH          = @"zh-Hans";
static NSString * const kEN          = @"en";
static NSString * const kProj        = @"lproj";
static NSString * const kLanguageSet = @"kLanguageSet";
@interface HZLanguageManager()
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSBundle *bundle;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *languageString;
@end
@implementation HZLanguageManager
+ (instancetype)defaultManager
{
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    static HZLanguageManager *manager;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        if (!manager) {
            manager = [[HZLanguageManager alloc] init];
        }
    });
    return manager;
}
- (instancetype)init
{
    self = [super init];
    if (!self) {
        return nil;
    }
    //取字段看是哪种语言
    NSString *tempStr = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:kLanguageSet];
    //    NSString *path;
    //假如用户没有设置过语言
    if (!tempStr) {
        tempStr=kSystem;
    }
    self.languageString = tempStr;
    if ([self.languageString isEqualToString:kCH]) {//为中文
        self.languageType = HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple;
    }else if ([self.languageString isEqualToString:kEN]) {//为英文
        self.languageType = HZLanguageTypeEnglish;
    }else if([self.languageString isEqualToString:kSystem]){//为系统默认
        self.languageType= HZLanguageTypeSystem;
        if([self isENLanguage]){//HZLanguageManager
            self.languageType = HZLanguageTypeEnglish;
        }else{
            self.languageType = HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple;
        }
    }
    if ([_languageString isEqualToString:kEN] || [_languageString isEqualToString:kCH]) {
        NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:_languageString ofType:kProj];
        self.bundle = [NSBundle bundleWithPath:path];
    }
    NSLog(@"当前的语言    HZLanguageTypeSystem HZLanguageTypeEnglish HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple：%lu",(unsigned long)self.languageType);
    return self;
}
- (void)changeLanguageType:(HZLanguageType)type;
{
    if (self.currentLanguageType == type) {
        return;
    }
    _languageType = type;
    switch (type) {
        case HZLanguageTypeSystem:
            self.languageString=kSystem;
            break;
        case HZLanguageTypeEnglish:
            self.languageString = kEN;
            break;
        case HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple:
            self.languageString = kCH;
            break;
    }
    //bundle 设置
    [self resetBundle];
    //设置语言，并作记录保存
    [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:_languageString forKey:kLanguageSet];
    [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] synchronize];
    //使用通知更改文字    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:kNoticeLanguageChange object:nil];
}
- (void)resetBundle{
    if ([_languageString isEqualToString:kEN] || [_languageString isEqualToString:kCH]) {
        NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:_languageString ofType:kProj];
        self.bundle = [NSBundle bundleWithPath:path];
    }
}
- (NSString *)stringWithKey:(NSString *)key table:(NSString *)table
{
    //假如为跟随系统
    if (self.languageType==HZLanguageTypeSystem) {
        return  NSLocalizedString(key, nil);
    }
    //返回对应国际化文字
    if (_bundle) {
        return  NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(key, table, _bundle, nil);
    }
    return NSLocalizedStringFromTable(key, table, nil);
}
-(HZLanguageType)currentLanguage{
    //获取当前语言
    //  NSString *tempStr = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:kLanguageSet];
    //    if ([tempStr rangeOfString:@"zh"].length) {
    ////        tempStr = kCH;
    //        return HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple;
    //    }else if([tempStr isEqualToString:kEN]){
    ////        tempStr = kEN;
    //        return HZLanguageTypeEnglish;
    //    }else {//if([tempStr isEqualToString:kSystem])
    //    
    //        return HZLanguageTypeSystem;
    //    }
    return    self.languageType;
}
+ (NSArray *)english {
    return @[@"en", @"en-CN"];
}
+ (NSArray *)chineseHans {
    return @[@"zh-Hans", @"zh-Hans-CN"];
}
+ (NSArray *)chineseHant {
    return @[@"zh-Hant", @"zh-Hant-CN"];
}
/**
 (lldb) po [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"AppleLanguages"]
 <__NSCFArray 0x2833357a0>(
 zh-Hans-AM,
 en-AM,
 en-GB,
 ru-AM,
 zh-Hant-AM,
 zh-Hant-HK
 )
第一个就是用户设置的语言
 @return
 */
- (BOOL )isENLanguage {
//    NSString *language = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:GHLLanguageKey];
//    if (){
//    if ([HZLanguageManager defaultManager].currentLanguage==HZLanguageTypeEnglish) {
    if (self.currentLanguage == HZLanguageTypeEnglish) {
    return YES;
    }
//    if () {
        NSArray *languages = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"AppleLanguages"];
        NSString *language =  languages.firstObject;
//    }
//    if([[HZLanguageManager chineseHans] containsObject:language] || [[HZLanguageManager chineseHant] containsObject:language] ){
        if([language containsString:@"zh-Hans"] || [language containsString:@"zh-Hant"] ){
        return NO;
        }else{
            return YES;
        }
}
+ (BOOL )isEN{
    if([HZLanguageManager defaultManager].currentLanguage == HZLanguageTypeEnglish ){
        //                make.width.mas_equalTo(kAdjustRatio(73 * 3));
        return YES;
    }else{
        //                make.width.mas_equalTo(kAdjustRatio(50 * 3));
//        make.left.equalTo(weakSelf.contentView).offset(kAdjustRatio(20));
//        make.right.equalTo(weakSelf.contentView).offset(- kAdjustRatio(20));
//
        return NO;
    }
}
@end

2.2 strings文件的文本内容过长导致key 失效的解决方案

/consts/Localizable/en.lproj/Localizable.strings 文本内容太长了。会导致key 失效。

解决方案

新增一个table来存储，解析的时候从两个文件查找。

new file:   retail/retail/class/consts/Localizable/en.lproj/Localizable1.strings
 new file:   retail/retail/class/consts/Localizable/zh-Hans.lproj/Localizable1.strings

读取本地字符串的代码：如果你的字符串资源文件名不是Localizable.strings，如KN.strings，那么你就得使用NSLocalizedStringFromTable()、NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle来读取本地化字符串：

- (NSString *)stringWithKey:(NSString *)key table:(NSString *)table
{
    //假如为跟随系统
    if (self.languageType==HZLanguageTypeSystem) {
        return  NSLocalizedString(key, nil);
    }
    //返回对应国际化文字
    if (_bundle) {// 修改成为，从另外一个文件找，先从文件找，如果找不到就从文件二找。
        //NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundleWithKey
        return [self NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundleWithKey:key table:table];
        return  NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(key, table, _bundle, nil);
    }
    return NSLocalizedStringFromTable(key, table, nil);
}
/**
如果你的字符串资源文件名不是Localizable.strings，如KN.strings，那么你就得使用NSLocalizedStringFromTable()来读取本地化字符串：
*/
//{// 修改成为，从另外一个文件找，先从文件找，如果找不到就从文件二找。
- (NSString*)NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundleWithKey:(NSString *)key table:(NSString *)table{
    NSString* tmp = key;
    if(_bundle){
        tmp =NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(key, table, _bundle, nil);
        if([tmp isEqualToString:key]){
            // 继续从备份表查找
            NSLog(@"开始从Localizable1 找key:%@", tmp);
            tmp =NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(key, @"Localizable1", _bundle, nil);
//            NSLog([NSString stringWithFormat:@"结束从Localizable1 找key:%@",tmp]);
            NSLog(@"结束从Localizable1 找key:%@", tmp);
        }
    }
    return tmp;
}

III 、 info.plist 的国际化

新建一个 .strings文件，叫做InfoPlist.strings（文件名必须是这个）
新建以后，点击右侧的 localized 才有意义。
关键的步骤来了，这时候，点击我们的info.plist，右键选择open as source code 查看我们所要获取权限的原始 key

Info.plist中的CFBundleDisplayName的key决定了应用程序的名称

"NSMicrophoneUsageDescription" = "Allow this app to use your microphone for decibel detection and sound recording; audio is recorded locally only and is not sent to anyone, only for decibel detection and sound variation.";

IV、案例

4.1 《用户协议及隐私政策》弹框（包含超链接属性）【本文包含完整demo源码，demo支持中英文切换】

iOS《用户协议及隐私政策》弹框（包含超链接属性）【本文包含完整demo源码，demo支持中英文切换】 | 蓄力计划

https://kunnan.blog.csdn.net/article/details/103902362

4.2 登录界面切换中英文

AppDelegate: 设置默认的语言

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    if([LanguageManager isEN] ){
//        _titleLab.font = kPingFangFont(10);
        [[LanguageManager defaultManager] changeLanguageType: HZLanguageTypeEnglish];
        NSLog(@"当前位英文版本");
    }else{
//        _titleLab.font = kPingFangFont(12);
        NSLog(@"当前位中文版本");
        [[HZLanguageManager defaultManager] changeLanguageType: HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple];
    }
}

https://github.com/zhangkn/LanguageManager/tree/main/iUIPageControlFix4iOS14/LanguageManager

搭建切换按钮：languageLab

处理切换中英文语言的动作事件

- (UILabel *)languageLab{
    if (!_languageLab) {
        _languageLab = [[UILabel alloc]init];
        _languageLab.textColor = rgb(51,51,51);
        _languageLab.font = kBoldFont(15);
        _languageLab.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentRight;
        // 根据配置进行显示
//        typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, HZLanguageType) {
//            HZLanguageTypeSystem,
//            HZLanguageTypeEnglish,
//            HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple,
//        };
        // 获取配置信息
        //设置选中的语言
        if ([HZLanguageManager defaultManager].currentLanguage==HZLanguageTypeSystem) {
//            self.seletedIndex=@0;
        }
       else if ([HZLanguageManager defaultManager].currentLanguage==HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple) {
//            self.seletedIndex=@1;
//           _languageLab.text = @"";
           _languageLab.text = @"English";
        }
       else  if ([HZLanguageManager defaultManager].currentLanguage==HZLanguageTypeEnglish) {
//            self.seletedIndex=@2;
           _languageLab.text = @"简体中文";
       }else{
//           _languageLab.text = @"简体中文";
       }
        //
//        ti ti阿佳
        //
        _languageLab.userInteractionEnabled = YES;
        [self addSubview:_languageLab];
        __weak __typeof__(self) weakSelf = self;
        [_languageLab mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
            make.top.equalTo(weakSelf).offset(36);
            make.right.equalTo(weakSelf).offset(-kAdjustRatio(16));
            make.size.mas_equalTo(CGSizeMake(kAdjustRatio(100), kAdjustRatio(40)));
        }];
        UITapGestureRecognizer *cutTap = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] init];
//        __weak __typeof__(self) weakSelf = self;
        [[cutTap rac_gestureSignal] subscribeNext:^(id x) {
            switch ([HZLanguageManager defaultManager].currentLanguage) {
                case HZLanguageTypeSystem:
                    {
                    }
                    break;
                case HZLanguageTypeEnglish:
                {
                    [[HZLanguageManager defaultManager] changeLanguageType: HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple];
                    weakSelf.languageLab.text = @"简体中文";
                }
                    break;
                case HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple:
                {
                    [[HZLanguageManager defaultManager] changeLanguageType: HZLanguageTypeEnglish];
                    weakSelf.languageLab.text = @"English";
                }
                    break;
                default:
                {
                }
                    break;
            }
            [ AccountLoginView rootViewController4nil];
        }];
        [_languageLab addGestureRecognizer:cutTap];
    }
    return _languageLab;
}
+ (void) rootViewController4nil{
    //销毁 root
    UIWindow *oldWindow=[UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow;
    oldWindow.rootViewController=nil;
    //新 root
    UIWindow *newWindow = [UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow;
    AccountLoginViewController *VC = [[AccountLoginViewController alloc]init];
    HWNavigationController *NA = [[HWNavigationController alloc]initWithRootViewController:VC];
    [AccountLoginView restoreRootViewController:NA newWindow:newWindow];
}
/**
 UIModalTransitionStyleCoverVertical = 0, //从下到上盖上进入
 UIModalTransitionStyleFlipHorizontal, //水平翻转
 UIModalTransitionStyleCrossDissolve, //渐变出现
 #if __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= __IPHONE_3_2
 UIModalTransitionStylePartialCurl, //类似翻页的卷曲
 @param rootViewController <#rootViewController description#>
 @param newWindow <#newWindow description#>
 https://github.com/codeRiding/CRProject/blob/165886b8426fa43b52e76e659b8e18496e2fa8c8/CRProject/Classes/Expand/Tool/CRChangeVC.m
 */
+ (void)restoreRootViewController:(UIViewController *)rootViewController newWindow:(UIWindow*)newWindow
{
    typedef void (^Animation)(void);
    UIWindow* window =  newWindow;
//
    rootViewController.modalTransitionStyle = UIModalTransitionStyleCrossDissolve;
//UIModalPresentationPopover
    //UIModalPresentationNone
//    rootViewController.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationOverFullScreen;//UIModalPresentationOverFullScreen
//    UIModalTransitionStyleCoverVertical = 0,
//    UIModalTransitionStyleFlipHorizontal __TVOS_PROHIBITED,
//    UIModalTransitionStyleCrossDissolve,
//    UIModalTransitionStylePartialCurl
//    rootViewController.modalTransitionStyle = UIModalTransitionStyleCrossDissolve;
    Animation animation = ^{
        BOOL oldState = [UIView areAnimationsEnabled];
        [UIView setAnimationsEnabled:NO];
//        [UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow.rootViewController = rootViewController;
                        [newWindow switchWithRootViewController:rootViewController];
        [UIView setAnimationsEnabled:oldState];
    };
    //
    [UIView transitionWithView:window
                      duration:0.5f
                       options:UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionCrossDissolve
                    animations:animation
                    completion:nil];
}

4.3 本地化字符串指定参数顺序

对于在中英文语法的区别，在本地化字符串的时候，我们常常需要调整stringWithFormat的参数顺序

原理：在%和@中间加上数值,2$)，数字代表参数的顺序文章：https://blog.csdn.net/z929118967/article/details/108793150

iOSAPP内的国际化切换（案例：登录界面切换中英文）

前言

I 字符串的本地化

1.1 用法

1.2 本地化字符串指定参数顺序

II、自定义解析本地化字符串的工具类LanguageManager

2.1 代码实现

2.2 strings文件的文本内容过长导致key 失效的解决方案

III 、 info.plist 的国际化

IV、案例

4.1 《用户协议及隐私政策》弹框（包含超链接属性）【本文包含完整demo源码，demo支持中英文切换】

4.2 登录界面切换中英文

4.3 本地化字符串指定参数顺序

see also

热门文章

最新文章

相关电子书

相关实验场景

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任务中心

开发者评测

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技术资料

插件

iOSAPP内的国际化切换（案例：登录界面切换中英文）

前言

I 字符串的本地化

1.1 用法

1.2 本地化字符串指定参数顺序

II、 自定义解析本地化字符串的工具类LanguageManager

2.1 代码实现

2.2 strings文件的文本内容过长导致key 失效的解决方案

III 、 info.plist 的国际化

IV、案例

4.1 《用户协议及隐私政策》弹框（包含超链接属性）【本文包含完整demo源码，demo支持中英文切换】

4.2 登录界面切换中英文

4.3 本地化字符串指定参数顺序

see also

热门文章

最新文章

相关电子书

相关实验场景

II、自定义解析本地化字符串的工具类LanguageManager