安装
# 安装playwright库 pip install playwright # 安装浏览器驱动文件 python -m playwright install #再安装 playwright install
要求：python版本3.7+
使用Playwright无需写一行代码，我们只需手动操作浏览器，它会录制我们的操作，然后自动生成代码脚本。
下面就是录制的命令codegen，仅仅一行。
python -m playwright codegen
codegen的用法可以使用–help查看，如果简单使用就是直接在命令后面加上url链接，如果有其他需要可以添加options。我就把结果粘贴出来：
Usage: npx playwright codegen [options] [url] open page and generate code for user actions Options: -o, --output <file name> saves the generated script to a file --target <language> language to generate, one of javascript, test, python, python-async, csharp (default: "python") -b, --browser <browserType> browser to use, one of cr, chromium, ff, firefox, wk, webkit (default: "chromium") --channel <channel> Chromium distribution channel, "chrome", "chrome-beta", "msedge-dev", etc --color-scheme <scheme> emulate preferred color scheme, "light" or "dark" --device <deviceName> emulate device, for example "iPhone 11" --geolocation <coordinates> specify geolocation coordinates, for example "37.819722,-122.478611" --ignore-https-errors ignore https errors --load-storage <filename> load context storage state from the file, previously saved with --save-storage --lang <language> specify language / locale, for example "en-GB" --proxy-server <proxy> specify proxy server, for example "http://myproxy:3128" or "socks5://myproxy:8080" --save-storage <filename> save context storage state at the end, for later use with --load-storage --timezone <time zone> time zone to emulate, for example "Europe/Rome" --timeout <timeout> timeout for Playwright actions in milliseconds (default: "10000") --user-agent <ua string> specify user agent string --viewport-size <size> specify browser viewport size in pixels, for example "1280, 720" -h, --help display help for command Examples: $ codegen $ codegen --target=python $ codegen -b webkit https://example.com
解释：
-o：将录制的脚本保存到一个文件
–target：规定生成脚本的语言，有JS和Python，java,c#等，默认为Python
-b：指定浏览器驱动
举个例子：
比如，我要在baidu.com搜索，用chromium驱动，将结果保存为my.py的python文件。
python -m playwright codegen --target python -o 'my.py' -b chromium https://www.baidu.com
这就自动生成文件：
现在我还得改个名。大家可以试试。
当你在浏览器继续点击，他会继续更新生成新的代码：
这次我们执行下命令：
python -m playwright codegen --target python -o 'my.py' -b chromium https://www.baidu.comom
点击一下，代码就自动更新：
再点击一下，代码还会继续更新：
结束后自动关闭浏览器，保存生成的自动化脚本到py文件如下：
from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright def run(playwright: Playwright) -> None: browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False) context = browser.new_context() # Open new page page = context.new_page() # Go to https://www.baidu.com/ page.goto("https://www.baidu.com/") # Click text=阿里女员工称被侵害 事发饭店回应 with page.expect_popup() as popup_info: page.click("text=阿里女员工称被侵害 事发饭店回应") page1 = popup_info.value # Click em:has-text("阿里女员工称被侵害 事发饭店回应") with page1.expect_popup() as popup_info: page1.click("em:has-text(\"阿里女员工称被侵害 事发饭店回应\")") page2 = popup_info.value # Close page page2.close() # Close page page1.close() # Close page page.close() # --------------------- context.close() browser.close() with sync_playwright() as playwright: run(playwright)
playwright还提供了同步和异步的API接口，这里也有官方文档，如果你英文还可以，可以参考文档：
https://playwright.dev/python/docs/intro/
这里我继续演示一个例子。
我就以访问我的CSDN为例子，我则需要在terminal执行以下命令：
python -m playwright codegen --target python -o 'my.py' -b chromium https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46211269?spm=1000.2115.3001.5343
回车即可开始神操作！
看效果，我多贴几个演示这个动态过程：
我点击了一下一篇文章，代码也跟着自动更新：
那么我还想再给自己点个赞，似乎被发现了猫腻？那我就用手机扫码登录，因为这是新的浏览器，没有登陆历史，所以这是正常的。
登陆了，我就给自己点了一个赞，代码也同时更新了我点赞的部分。
手残，点了一下图片，他还是把代码加了一部分来点击照片，下面是‘my.py’新的代码：
from playwright.sync_api import Playwright, sync_playwright def run(playwright: Playwright) -> None: browser = playwright.chromium.launch(headless=False) context = browser.new_context() # Open new page page = context.new_page() # Go to https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46211269?spm=1000.2115.3001.5343 page.goto("https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46211269?spm=1000.2115.3001.5343") # Click text=Django3.0入门教程:文章发布系统 with page.expect_popup() as popup_info: page.click("text=Django3.0入门教程:文章发布系统") page1 = popup_info.value # Click #is-like-img page1.click("#is-like-img") # Click text=CSDN App扫码 page1.frame(name="passport_iframe").click("text=CSDN App扫码") # Go to https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46211269/article/details/119553344?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501 page1.goto("https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46211269/article/details/119553344?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501") # Click text=0 点赞 >> a page1.click("text=0 点赞 >> a") # Click img[alt="在这里插入图片描述"] page1.click("img[alt=\"在这里插入图片描述\"]", button="right") # Click text=在model.py复制粘贴以下代码： page1.click("text=在model.py复制粘贴以下代码：") # Click .imgViewDom img page1.click(".imgViewDom img") # Close page page1.close() # Close page page.close() # --------------------- context.close() browser.close() with sync_playwright() as playwright: run(playwright)
你可以把文件名引号去掉，用这个代码运行，他则会执行相同的操作。
那么大家是不是还好奇如何分别使用同步和异步？
那么问题来了，我先贴个我的群：970353786hhhh继续发车
由于这个生成代码如此之快，万一被发现怎么办？于是我想让他慢一点，比如这个火狐浏览器，使用slow_mo让他慢下来，而不能再用timeout,也不能用time . sleep (5) 来休息，而是可以用page.wait_for_timeout (5000)来代替，headless=False则表示无头模式
firefox.launch(headless=False, slow_mo=50)
直接说哦异步，因为同步我们已经写的太多了，如下就是异步的最简demo
import asyncio from playwright.async_api import async_playwright async def main(): async with async_playwright() as p: browser = await p.chromium.launch(headless=False) await browser.close() asyncio.run(main())
浏览器环境中也可以用来模拟多页场景涉及到移动设备,权限,语言环境和配色方案.比如：
import asyncio from playwright.async_api import async_playwright async def main(): async with async_playwright() as p: iphone_11 = p.devices['iPhone 11 Pro'] browser = await p.chromium.launch() context = await browser.new_context( **iphone_11, locale='de-DE', geolocation={ 'longitude': 12.492507, 'latitude': 41.889938 }, permissions=['geolocation'], color_scheme='dark', ) page = await browser.new_page() await browser.close() asyncio.run(main())
浏览器中可以有多个页面。 一个 页面 是指一个标签或一个弹出窗口在浏览器中上下文。 它应该被用来导航到url页面内容并与之交互。比如以下代码，这是demo,你得根据你需要的网址进行修改，example.com则为demo
page = await context.new_page() # Navigate explicitly, similar to entering a URL in the browser. await page.goto('http://example.com') # Fill an input. await page.fill('#search', 'query') # Navigate implicitly by clicking a link. await page.click('#submit') # Expect a new url. print(page.url) # Page can navigate from the script - this will be picked up by Playwright. # window.location.href = 'https://example.com'
操作实在太多，不再继续演示了，如果你英文可以，可以看看上面的参考文档，这工具也是实在牛逼，爽爆了！
