Maven的使用

< dependencies >< /dependencies >，此元素包含多个项目依赖需要使用的< dependency >< /dependency >

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

可以定义变量在 dependency 中引用，代码如下：
<properties>
    <swagger2.version>2.9.2</swagger2.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
        <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
        <version>${swagger2.version}</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

maven 提供了编译插件，可在编译插件中涉及 Java 的编译级别，代码如下
<build>
    <plugins>
        <!--编译插件-->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <!-- 配置使用的 jdk 版本 -->
                <target>1.8</target>
                <source>1.8</source>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <!-- 资源文件拷贝插件 -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.7</version>
            <configuration>
                <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <!-- 配置Tomcat插件 -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <!-- http://localhost:{port}/{path} -->
                <port>8080</port>
                <path>/</path>
                <!-- 解决GET请求编码 -->
                <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
    <!--IDEA是不会编译src的java目录的xml文件，如果需要读取，则需要手动指定哪些配置文件需要读取-->
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
            </includes>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>

安装指定文件到本地仓库命令：mvn install:install-file
-DgroupId=<groupId>       : 设置项目代码的包名(一般用组织名)
-DartifactId=<artifactId> : 设置项目名或模块名 
-Dversion=1.0.0           : 版本号
-Dpackaging=jar           : 什么类型的文件(jar包)
-Dfile=<myfile.jar>       : 指定jar文件路径与文件名(同目录只需文件名)
安装命令实例：
mvn install:install-file -DgroupId=top.simba1949 -DartifactId=simba -Dversion=1.0.0 -Dpackaging=jar -Dfile=D:\simba-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>top.simba1949</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-config</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <!--packaging标签配置打包类型，jar或者war或者pom-->
    <packaging>war</packaging>
</project>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>top.simba1949</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-config</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <dependencies>
       <dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
             <!--scope标签配置依赖范围，            compile/provided/runtime/test/system
    -->
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

<properties>
    <spring>5.1.0</spring>
</properties>