整合Spring和SpringMVC-阿里云开发者社区

1.Spring容器和SpringMVC容器的关系

Spring容器是一个父容器，SpringMVC容器是一个子容器，它继承自Spring容器。因此，在SpringMVC容器中，可以访问到Spring容器中定义的Bean，而在Spring容器中，无法访问SpringMVC容器中定义的Bean。在Web开发中，Controller全部在SpringMVC中扫描，除了Controller之外的Bean，全部在Spring容器中扫描（Service、Dao），按这种方式扫描，扫描完完成后，Controller可以访问到Service。

为什么不全部都在Spring中扫描

因为处理器映射器只会去SpringMVC中查找到Controller，如果没有，就找不到，不会去Spring中找，这就决定了，Controller必须在SpringMVC中扫描。

为什么不全部在SpringMVC中扫描

在SSM整合或者Spring+SpringMVC+JdbcTemplate中，可以全部在SpringMVC中扫描，但是，在SSH整合中，这种方式不允许。

最佳实践：

Controller在SpringMVC中扫描，视图解析器等在SpringMVC容器中配置

Spring中扫描Service、Dao已经其他组件，事务定义、数据源定义都在Spring容器中配置

2.SpringMVC的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">  
    <!-- SpringMVC容器只扫描Controller -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.dpb"
    use-default-filters="false">
    <context:include-filter type="annotation"
      expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
  </context:component-scan>
  <mvc:annotation-driven />
</beans>

3.Spring的配置文件

分别加载spring和SpringMVC的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">   
   <!-- 在Spring容器中，扫描除了Controller之外的其他组件 -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.dpb"
    use-default-filters="true">
    <context:exclude-filter type="annotation"
      expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
  </context:component-scan>
</beans>

4.web.xml文件中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
  id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>test</display-name>
  <!-- 这里配置Spring配置文件的位置，param-name是固定的，
  param-value是文件位置 这个配置可以省略，如果省略，
  系统默认去/WEB-INF/目录下查找applicationContext.xml作为Spring的配置文件 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

5.案例实现

Spring配置文件

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">    
  <!-- 在Spring容器中，扫描除了Controller之外的其他组件 -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.dpb"
    use-default-filters="true">
    <!-- 不扫描Controller注解 -->
    <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
  </context:component-scan>
  <!-- 配置一个数据源 -->
  <bean class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" id="ds">
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl"/>
    <property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"/>
    <property name="username" value="pms"/>
    <property name="password" value="pms"/>
  </bean>
  <!-- 配置JdbcTemplate实例 -->
  <bean class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate" id="jdbcTemplate">
    <!-- 通过构造注入的方式关联数据源 -->
    <constructor-arg name="dataSource" ref="ds"/>
  </bean>
</beans>

SpringMVC配置文件

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
  <!-- 开启注解 -->
  <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
  <!-- 开启扫描 -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.dpb.*">
    <!-- 只扫描特定的注解 -->
    <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
  </context:component-scan>
</beans>

web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
  id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>test</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <!-- 这里配置Spring配置文件的位置，param-name是固定的，
    param-value是文件位置 这个配置可以省略，如果省略，
    系统默认去/WEB-INF/目录下查找applicationContext.xml作为Spring的配置文件 
  -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!-- 配置前端控制器 -->
  <!-- contextConfigLocation配置springmvc加载的配置文件（配置处理器映射器、适配器等等） 如果不配置contextConfigLocation， 
    默认加载的是/WEB-INF/servlet名称-serlvet.xml（springmvc-servlet.xml） -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!-- 防止资源文件被spring MVC拦截 -->
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

Dao代码

/**
 * 
 * @author dpb【波波烤鸭】
 *
 */
public interface IUserDao {
  public List<User> query();
}

/**
 * dao层实现
 * @author dpb【波波烤鸭】
 *
 */
@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl implements IUserDao {
  @Resource
  JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
  @Override
  public List<User> query() {
    String sql = "select * from t_sysuser ";
    return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper<User>(User.class));
  }
}

Service代码

/**
 * 
 * @author dpb【波波烤鸭】
 *
 */
public interface IUserService {
  public List<User> query();
}

/**
 * 
 * @author dpb【波波烤鸭】
 *
 */
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {
  @Resource
  private IUserDao dao;
  @Override
  public List<User> query() {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    return dao.query();
  }
}

controller代码

/**
 * 案例
 * 
 * @author dpb【波波烤鸭】
 *
 */
@Controller
public class UserController {
  @Resource
  private IUserService userService;
  @RequestMapping("/query")
  public String query(Model model){
    List<User> list = userService.query();
    model.addAttribute("list", list);
    return "/user.jsp";
  }
}

jsp页面代码

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
  <c:forEach items="${list }" var="user">
    ${user.id }--${user.uname }--${user.nickname }<br>
  </c:forEach>
</body>
</html>

查询结果

案例代码：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1J26hh7FL1s2HuJJnxkUIaw

提取码：l1cs

整合Spring和SpringMVC

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