pip install pdfminer3k

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
try:
    from urllib.request import urlopen
except:
    from urllib import urlopen
from io import StringIO
from pdfminer.pdfinterp import PDFResourceManager, process_pdf
from pdfminer.converter import TextConverter
from pdfminer.layout import  LAParams
# 读取pdf的函数，返回内容
def readPdf(pdf_file):
    rsrcmgr = PDFResourceManager()
    retstr = StringIO()
    laparams = LAParams()
    device = TextConverter(rsrcmgr=rsrcmgr, outfp=retstr, laparams=laparams)
    process_pdf(rsrcmgr=rsrcmgr, device=device, fp=pdf_file)
    device.close()
    content = retstr.getvalue()
    retstr.close()
    return content
url = "http://www.pythonscraping.com/pages/warandpeace/chapter1.pdf"
pdf_file = urlopen(url) # 也可以换成本地pdf文件，用open rb模式打开
content = readPdf(pdf_file)
print(content)
pdf_file.close()

pip install pdfminer

from cStringIO import StringIO
from pdfminer.pdfinterp import PDFResourceManager, PDFPageInterpreter
from pdfminer.converter import TextConverter
from pdfminer.layout import LAParams
from pdfminer.pdfpage import PDFPage
def readPdf2(path):
    rsrcmgr = PDFResourceManager()
    retstr = StringIO()
    device = TextConverter(rsrcmgr, retstr, codec='utf-8', laparams=LAParams())
    interpreter = PDFPageInterpreter(rsrcmgr, device)
    with open(path, 'rb') as fp:
        for page in PDFPage.get_pages(fp, set()):
            interpreter.process_page(page)
        text = retstr.getvalue()
    device.close()
    retstr.close()
    return text
text = readPdf2("path")