RHEL-7.8 MySQL 8.0 linux generic 安装部署

1. 准备最基础信息的my.cnf

本案例my.cnf配置文件是最基础的初始化配置文件，只能保证mysql服务正常开启，并不适用生产环境，
关于更多关于buffer、logfile等性能参数需要根据主机的CPU、MEM/硬盘等硬件环境进行后续相应优化配置

系统版本
[root@mysql~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
----Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.8 (Maipo)
MySQL版本
---MySQL-mysql-8.0.20

1.1. 准备my.cnf 配置文件
[root@mysql ~]#vi /ect/my.cnf

[mysqld]

SERVER ID

server_id=1

data directory

datadir=/mysql/data

SOCKET & pid

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file=/tmp/mysql.pid

logfile

log-error=/mysql/log/error.log
log_bin = /mysql/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_format=ROW

TRX mode

transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED

1.2 环境变量配置
[root@mysql ~]# pwd
/root

1.2.1 添加以下环境变量
[root@mysql ~]# vi .bash_profile

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

1.2.2 source 生效当前环境变量
[root@mysql ~]# source .bash_profile

1.2.3 查看生效结果 mysql的环境变量已经在PATH里了
[root@mysql ~]#echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin

2.mysql 数据用户、文件目录初始化

2.1 创建mysql用户、组

[root@mysql~]#groupadd mysql

[root@mysql~]#useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

2.2 创建mysql数据文件目录权限

[root@mysql~]# mkdir -p /mysql/data
[root@mysql~]# mkdir -p /mysql/log/
[root@mysql~]# mkdir -p /mysql/binlog/
[root@mysql~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql
[root@mysql~]# chmod -R 775 /mysql/

2.2.1查看权限

[root@mysql /]# ls -ld /mysql/
drwxr-xr-x. 5 mysql mysql 41 Oct 25 21:35 /mysql/

2.3 解压安装mysql server

2.3.1 将下载好的mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz文件放在目录/usr/local

[root@mysql local]#cd /usr/local

2.3.2 解压mysql压缩文件

[root@mysql local]#tar xvf mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

2.3.3 创建mysql软链接文件
[root@mysql local]#ln -s mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

2.3.4 创建mysql-file 赋权限
[root@mysql local]#cd mysql

[root@mysql mysql]#mkdir mysql-files

[root@mysql mysql]#chown mysql:mysql mysql-files

[root@mysql mysql]#chmod 750 mysql-files

3.初始化mysql server

[root@mysql mysql]#cd /usr/local/mysql

[root@mysql mysql]#bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

配置ssl
[root@mysql mysql]#bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

使用mysqld_safe启动mysql

[root@mysql mysql]#bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

2020-10-25T13:57:57.972091Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/mysql/log/error.log'.
2020-10-25T14:58:58.008556Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /mysql/data

查看3306端口,有3306端口证明mysql已经启动
[root@mysql mysql]# ss -ln |grep 3306
tcp LISTEN 0 70 [::]:33060 [::]:*
tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:3306 [::]:*

3.2 拷贝mysql启动文件到/etc/init.d/
[root@mysql mysql]#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

4.查看密码
error log 目录在/mysql/log/中，进入/mysql/log/也可以查看error.log查找mysql初始化密码

[root@mysql]#cd /mysql/log/
[root@mysql log]# more error.log
2020-10-25T13:58:13.679884Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.20) initializing of server in progress as pro
cess 14924
2020-10-25T13:58:13.693343Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2020-10-25T13:58:14.402699Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2020-10-25T13:58:15.799133Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Ern8uu_RY!9r

密码是随机码----> Ern8uu_RY!9r

5.重新启动MySQL server
[root@mysql ~]# /etc/init.d/mysql.server restart
Shutting down MySQL..2020-10-25T14:03:22.070562Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /tmp/mysql.pid ended
SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[1]+ Done bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql (wd: /usr/local/mysql)
(wd now: ~)

6.登录mysql

使用rn8uu_RY!9r密码登录
[root@ mysql]# mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p
Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.20
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

执行show database时会提示修改初始密码

mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

7.修改初始化root密码
mysql密码的维度是用户名+主机，修改密码是需要根据用户名和主机的维度来一起修改

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'mysql123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

8.使用新修改的密码登录mysql

[root@ mysql]# mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p mysql123
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.20
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

到此，mysql server最基本的初始化就完成了