前言
对于iOS总体生态是比较封闭的,相比Android没有像adb这种可以查看内存、cpu的命令.在日常做性能测试,需要借助xcode中instruments查看内存、cpu等数据.

但是借助instruments比较麻烦、又不能提供命令行.在持续集成中,很难时时的监控app的性能指标.并且现在app发版一般是2周左右,留给做专项测试的时间更少了,那么做核心场景性能测试,肯定是来不及的.

所以需要借助一些自动化工具来减轻手工采集性能指标的工作量.

性能采集项
app中基本性能采集项,内存、cpu、fps、电量等,因为自动化采集中手机设备是插着电脑充电的,所以不能采集电量数据.

已有工具
instruments是官方提供的,不能做到自动化采集

腾讯gt,需要在app中集成sdk,有一定的接入成本

第三sdk,类似腾讯gt需要在app集成,可能会有数据泄漏风险

脚本开发
上述的已有工具都不满足,在持续集成中做到自动化采集性能数据,期望的性能测试工具有一下几点:

方便接入

可生成性能报告

可持续化

数据收集精准

所以基于这几点,需要自己开发一套性能采集脚本.

使用官方提供的api做性能采集
获取内存、cpu等

import

/**

获取内存
*/

(NSString *)get_memory {
int64_t memoryUsageInByte = 0;
task_vm_info_data_t vmInfo;
mach_msg_type_number_t count = TASK_VM_INFO_COUNT;
kern_return_t kernelReturn = task_info(mach_task_self(), TASK_VM_INFO, (task_info_t) &vmInfo, &count);
if(kernelReturn == KERN_SUCCESS) {
```
   memoryUsageInByte = (int64_t) vmInfo.phys_footprint;
   NSLog(@"Memory in use (in bytes): %lld", memoryUsageInByte);
```
} else {
```
   NSLog(@"Error with task_info(): %s", mach_error_string(kernelReturn));
```
}

double mem = memoryUsageInByte / (1024.0 * 1024.0);
NSString *memtostring ;
memtostring = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.1lf",mem];

return memtostring;
}

/**

获取cpu
*/

(NSString *) get_cpu{
kern_return_t kr;
task_info_data_t tinfo;
mach_msg_type_number_t task_info_count;

task_info_count = TASK_INFO_MAX;
kr = task_info(mach_task_self(), TASK_BASIC_INFO, (task_info_t)tinfo, &task_info_count);
if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
```
   return [ NSString stringWithFormat: @"%f" ,-1];
```
}

task_basic_info_t basic_info;
thread_array_t thread_list;
mach_msg_type_number_t thread_count;

thread_info_data_t thinfo;
mach_msg_type_number_t thread_info_count;

thread_basic_info_t basic_info_th;
uint32_t stat_thread = 0; // Mach threads

basic_info = (task_basic_info_t)tinfo;

// get threads in the task
kr = task_threads(mach_task_self(), &thread_list, &thread_count);
if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
```
   return [ NSString stringWithFormat: @"%f" ,-1];
```
}
if (thread_count > 0)
```
   stat_thread += thread_count;
```
long tot_sec = 0;
long tot_usec = 0;
float tot_cpu = 0;
int j;

for (j = 0; j < thread_count; j++)
{
```
   thread_info_count = THREAD_INFO_MAX;
   kr = thread_info(thread_list[j], THREAD_BASIC_INFO,
                    (thread_info_t)thinfo, &thread_info_count);
   if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS) {
       tot_cpu = -1;
       //return -1;
   }

   basic_info_th = (thread_basic_info_t)thinfo;

   if (!(basic_info_th->flags & TH_FLAGS_IDLE)) {
       tot_sec = tot_sec + basic_info_th->user_time.seconds + basic_info_th->system_time.seconds;
       tot_usec = tot_usec + basic_info_th->user_time.microseconds + basic_info_th->system_time.microseconds;
       tot_cpu = tot_cpu + basic_info_th->cpu_usage / (float)TH_USAGE_SCALE * 100.0;
   }
```
} // for each thread

kr = vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_offset_t)thread_list, thread_count * sizeof(thread_t));
assert(kr == KERN_SUCCESS);

NSString *tostring = nil ;
tostring = [ NSString stringWithFormat: @"%.1f" ,tot_cpu];
NSLog (@"performance cpu:%@",tostring);

return tostring;
}

获取页面vc
上边收集了内存和cpu,还需要在收集数据的同时和页面对应上.这样就清楚了是当前页面的内存和cpu情况.

/**
*获取当前vc
*/

(UIViewController *) get_vc {
UIWindow *keyWindow = [UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow;
__weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{

if ([keyWindow.rootViewController isKindOfClass:[UITabBarController class]]) {
    UITabBarController *tab = (UITabBarController *)keyWindow.rootViewController;
    UINavigationController *nav = tab.childViewControllers[tab.selectedIndex];
    DDContainerController *content = [nav topViewController];
    weakSelf.vc = [content contentViewController];
}

});
return self.vc;
}

获取设备信息
/*
*获取设备名称
*/

(NSString *) get_devicesName {
NSString *devicesName = [UIDevice currentDevice].name; //设备名称
NSLog(@"performance devicesName:%@", devicesName);
return devicesName;

}

/*
*获取系统版本
*/

(NSString *) get_systemVersion{
NSString *systemVersion = [UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion; //系统版本
NSLog(@"performance version:%@", systemVersion);
return systemVersion;
}

/*
*获取设备idf
*/

(NSString *) get_idf {
NSString *idf = [UIDevice currentDevice].identifierForVendor.UUIDString;
NSLog(@"performance idf:%@", idf);
return idf;

}
数据拼接
最终要把内存、cpu等数据拼接成字典的形式,方便输出查看

输出log日志的数据格式

{

"cpu": "0.4",
"fps": "60 FPS",
"version": "11.2",
"appname": "xxxxxx",
"battery": "-100.0",
"appversion": "5.0.4",
"time": "2018-09-07 11:45:24",
"memory": "141.9",
"devicesName": "xxxxxx",
"vcClass": "DDAlreadPaidTabListVC",
"idf": "8863F83E-70CB-43D5-B6C7-EAB85F3A2AAD"

}

开启子线程采集
开一个子线程定时采集数据

性能采集子线程
*/

(void) performancethread {
NSThread *thread = [[NSThread alloc] initWithBlock:^{

   NSLog(@"performance   ======get performance======");

   [self get_fps];

   while (true) {
       DDPerformanceModel *model = [DDPerformanceModel new];
       model.time=[self get_time];
       model.appname=[self get_appname];
       model.appversion=[self get_appversion];
       model.idf =[self get_idf];
       model.devicesName =[self get_devicesName];
       model.version = [self get_systemVersion ];
       model.vcClass = NSStringFromClass([self get_vc].class);
       model.memory = [self get_memory];
       model.battery = [self get_battery];
       model.cpu = [self get_cpu];
       model.fps = self.percount;

       NSString *json = [model modelToJSONString];

// printf(" getperformance %srn", [json UTF8String]);

        NSLog(@"getperformance model  %@", json);
        sleep(5);
    }
}];
[thread start];

NSLog(@"performance   ======continue mainblock======");

}

初始化性能采集
AppDelegate.m文件中didFinishLaunchingWithOptions方法中用户各种初始化操作,可以在第一行初始化性能采集,
这样app启动以后就可以定时采集数据

(BOOL)application:(UIApplication )application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary )launchOptions {
```
[[getperformance new] performancethread];//获取性能数据

}
```
性能采集日志存储

一般来说日志存储都是写入到本地log日志,然后读取.但是有两个问题

需要读写文件代码,对于不熟悉oc的人来说比较难

因为是定时采集,文件IO操作频繁

所以不考虑存储本地log日志的方式,可以在代码中打印出数据,通过截获当前设备运行的日志获取数据.

模拟器可以使用xcrun simctl命令获取当前设备运行日志,
真机用libimobiledevice获取日志

xcrun simctl spawn booted log stream --level=debug | grep getperformance

输出log日志的数据格式,这块做了json美化,每歌几秒在控制台就打印一次

{

"cpu": "0.4",
"fps": "60 FPS",
"version": "11.2",
"appname": "xxxxxx",
"battery": "-100.0",
"appversion": "5.0.4",
"time": "2018-09-07 11:45:24",
"memory": "141.9",
"devicesName": "xxxxxx",
"vcClass": "DDAlreadPaidTabListVC",
"idf": "8863F83E-70CB-43D5-B6C7-EAB85F3A2AAD"

}

如果获取多次数据可以使用shell脚本把命令放到后台,定时写入到logpath中
nohup xcrun simctl spawn booted log stream --level=debug >${logpath} &
代码插入到工程中
因为在持续集成中,每次打取的代码都是不带性能测试代码,这些代码是单独写到文件中.在编译项目前,用shell把代码插入到工程中,这样打出来的包才能有采集性能数据功能.

scriptrootpath=${2}
AddFiles=${2}"/GetPerformance/performancefiles"
localDDPerformanceModelh=${scriptrootpath}"/GetPerformance/performancefiles/DDPerformanceModel.h"
localDDPerformanceModelm=${scriptrootpath}"/GetPerformance/performancefiles/DDPerformanceModel.m"
localgetperformanceh=${scriptrootpath}"/GetPerformance/performancefiles/getperformance.h"
localgetperformancem=${scriptrootpath}"/GetPerformance/performancefiles/getperformance.m"

addfiles(){

echo "删除${projectaddpath}中的原性能采集文件"

rm -rf ${DDPerformanceModelh}
rm -rf ${DDPerformanceModelm}
rm -rf ${getperformanceh}
rm -rf ${getperformancem}

echo "复制文件到${projectaddpath}路径"

cp  ${localDDPerformanceModelh} ${projectaddpath}
cp  ${localDDPerformanceModelm} ${projectaddpath}
cp  ${localgetperformanceh} ${projectaddpath}
cp  ${localgetperformancem} ${projectaddpath}

}
性能数据绘制
在手工和自动化使用插入性能测试代码的app,如果截获性能数据后,可以对数据做性能数据绘制.

用Higcharts或者echarts绘制性能走势图

如何在持续集成中使用
monkey和UI自动化中使用,最终会发送一份性能报告.

Demo代码
已经把性能代码脱了主项目,可在Demo代码中编译,github地址:https://github.com/xinxi1990/iOSPerformanceTest

最后
虽然iOS生态封闭,但是对于开发者和测试者还是有一些空间可以利用的.

iOS测试一直都是一个难点,难懂的oc语法和iOS整体框架.如果你开始慢慢接触iOS,会发现iOS测试也并不是那么难,需要一点耐心和一点专心而已.

（文章来源于霍格沃兹测试学院）

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