小菜刚学习了 FlutterBloc 的基本用法,使用的场景还很简单,主要是单一 Bloc 的应用,今天小菜继续尝试多个 Bloc 共用的场景;
小菜继续完善前两节的 Demo,添加了随机变更背景色的功能(并没有实际意义,仅为了学习新知识点而已);
FlutterBloc
MultiBlocProvider
对于多个 Bloc 的应用场景,小菜尝试了如下三种方式:
方案一:
在 build() 外创建和初始化 Bloc;小菜认为这种方式一定程度上扩大了 Bloc 的作用域;
NumberBloc _numBloc = NumberBloc();
ColorBloc _colorBloc = ColorBloc();
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return BlocBuilder<NumberBloc, int>(
bloc: _numBloc,
condition: (previousState, state) {
print('BlocPage.condition->$previousState==$state');
return state <= 30 ? true : false;
},
builder: (context, count) {
return BlocBuilder<ColorBloc, Color>(
bloc: _colorBloc,
builder: (context, color) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Bloc Page'), actions: <Widget>[_settingWid()]),
body: Container(color: _colorBloc.state, child: _numberWid()),
floatingActionButton: _floatingWid());
});
});
}
方案二:
通过多个 BlocProvider 嵌套方式对 Bloc 进行创建;小菜认为这种方式嵌套层级较多,略微有一些繁琐;
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return BlocProvider(
create: (BuildContext context) => _numBloc = NumberBloc(),
child: BlocBuilder<NumberBloc, int>(
bloc: _numBloc,
condition: (previousState, state) {
print('BlocPage.condition->$previousState==$state');
return state <= 30 ? true : false;
},
builder: (context, count) {
return BlocProvider(
create: (BuildContext context) => _colorBloc = ColorBloc(),
child: BlocBuilder<ColorBloc, Color>(
bloc: _colorBloc,
builder: (context, color) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Bloc Page'), actions: <Widget>[_settingWid()]),
body: Container(color: _colorBloc.state, child: _numberWid()),
floatingActionButton: _floatingWid());
}));
}));
}
方案三:
便是采用 MultiBlocProvider 聚合绑定方式,作为一个 Widget 将 BlocProvider 方式聚合创建和初始化,小菜更倾向于这种方式,层级更清晰简洁;
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MultiBlocProvider(
providers: [
BlocProvider(create: (BuildContext context) => _numBloc = NumberBloc()),
BlocProvider(create: (BuildContext context) => _colorBloc = ColorBloc())
],
child: BlocBuilder<NumberBloc, int>(
bloc: _numBloc,
condition: (previousState, state) {
print('BlocPage.condition->$previousState==$state');
return state <= 30 ? true : false;
},
builder: (context, count) {
return BlocBuilder<ColorBloc, Color>(
bloc: _colorBloc,
builder: (context, color) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Bloc Page'), actions: <Widget>[_settingWid()]),
body: Container(color: _colorBloc.state, child: _numberWid()),
floatingActionButton: _floatingWid());
});
}));
}
MultiBlocListener
对于多个 Bloc 的场景,对于其 Bloc 的监听也可以有多种方式;
方案一:
对应于 BlocProvider 的方式,小菜合并前两种,尝试 listener 嵌套方式进行监听;
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return BlocProvider(
create: (BuildContext context) => _numBloc = NumberBloc(),
child: BlocListener<NumberBloc, int>(
bloc: _numBloc,
listener: (context, state) => print('BlocListener--->NumberBloc--->$state'),
child: BlocBuilder<NumberBloc, int>(
bloc: _numBloc,
condition: (previousState, state) {
print('BlocPage.condition->$previousState==$state');
return state <= 30 ? true : false;
},
builder: (context, count) {
return BlocProvider(
create: (BuildContext context) => _colorBloc = ColorBloc(),
child: BlocListener<ColorBloc, Color>(
bloc: _colorBloc,
listener: (context, state) => print('BlocListener--->ColorBloc--->$state'),
child: BlocBuilder<ColorBloc, Color>(
bloc: _colorBloc,
builder: (context, color) {
return ScaffoldappBar: AppBar(title: Text('Bloc Page'), actions: <Widget>[_settingWid()]),
body: Container(color: _colorBloc.state, child: _numberWid()),
floatingActionButton: _floatingWid());
})));
})));
}
方案二:
MultiBlocListener 作为一个 Widget,将 listener 聚合在一起;效果完全相同,但消除了嵌套提高了 Code 可读性;
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MultiBlocProvider(
providers: [
BlocProvidercreate: (BuildContext context) => _numBloc = NumberBloc()),
BlocProvider(create: (BuildContext context) => _colorBloc = ColorBloc())
],
child: MultiBlocListener(
listeners: [
BlocListener<NumberBloc, int>(listener: (context, state) => print('BlocListener--->NumberBloc--->$state')),
BlocListener<ColorBloc, Color>(listener: (context, state) => print('BlocListener--->ColorBloc--->$state'))
],
child: BlocBuilder<NumberBloc, int>(
bloc: _numBloc,
condition: (previousState, state) {
print('BlocPage.condition->$previousState==$state');
return state <= 30 ? true : false;
},
builder: (context, count) {
return BlocBuilder<ColorBloc, Color>(
bloc: _colorBloc,
builder: (context, color) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Bloc Page'), actions: <Widget>[_settingWid()]),
body: Container(color: _colorBloc.state, child: _numberWid()),
floatingActionButton: _floatingWid());
});
})));
}
小感想
小菜尝试了 Provider 和 Bloc 两种状态管理工具,均是对 Stream 的操作,小菜认为各有各的优势,不能互相替代;
Bloc 方式最大的优势是把页面 UI 与业务逻辑拆分的更清晰,不管是 MVC 或 MVP 方式都更方便的融入应用;Provider 的应用更加简单,无需考虑拆分的情况;
小菜在了解源码的时候发现一个有趣的现象,FlutterBloc 也是对 Provider 的一种封装;
现在针对状态管理的方式还有很多其他方式,小菜认为无需强制使用某一种,选择适合自己对就好;
小菜对 Bloc 的尝试暂时告一个段落,对于更高级的用法在实际应用中再进行尝试和学习;如有错误,请多多指导!
来源: 阿策小和尚