首先,你需要一个测试环境,我在自己的机器上搭建了一个FTP Server,搭建Server有一些比较优秀的软件,例如:Crob FTP Server,不过这是一个收费软件,虽然提供试用版,但要在公网上使用的话,还是买个注册号吧!
下载地址: Crob FTP Server V3.7.0 Build 196 简体中文版 http://www.skycn.com/soft/11246.html
中文软件,大家都是学技术的,怎么搭建我就不说了。
相当傻瓜式的,上传代码只有寥寥几行:
- FTPClient fc = new FTPClient();
- fc.RemoteHost = "10.6.133.145"; // 这里只能用IP,而不能用机器名。当然,你可以利用工具类通过机器名获取到IP地址
- fc.RemotePath = "/u01/upload"; // FTP服务器的虚拟目录
- fc.RemotePort = 21;
- fc.RemoteUser = "admin";
- fc.RemotePass = "123";
- fc.Connect();
- fc.Put("c:/1.txt");
- fc.DisConnect();
这里要注意的是,虚拟目录/u01/upload对应的路径需要有写文件操作的权限,你可以在属性中配置账号的写权限(我直接共享了该文件夹,并允许everyone账号完全控制)。
这里提供FTPClient.cs的源码,来源一时半会儿找不到了:
- using System;
- using System.Net;
- using System.Net.Sockets;
- using System.Text;
- using System.IO;
- namespace TimerServer
- {
- /// <summary>
- /// FTPClient 的摘要说明。
- /// </summary>
- public class FTPClient
- {
- #region 构造函数
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 缺省构造函数
- /// </summary>
- public FTPClient()
- {
- strRemoteHost = "";
- strRemotePath = "";
- strRemoteUser = "";
- strRemotePass = "";
- strRemotePort = 21;
- bConnected
- = false;
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 构造函数
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="remoteHost"></param>
- /// <param name="remotePath"></param>
- /// <param name="remoteUser"></param>
- /// <param name="remotePass"></param>
- /// <param name="remotePort"></param>
- public FTPClient( string remoteHost, string remotePath, string remoteUser, string remotePass, int remotePort )
- {
- strRemoteHost = remoteHost;
- strRemotePath = remotePath;
- strRemoteUser = remoteUser;
- strRemotePass = remotePass;
- strRemotePort = remotePort;
- Connect();
- }
- #endregion
- #region 登陆
- /**//// <summary>
- /// FTP服务器IP地址
- /// </summary>
- private string strRemoteHost;
- public string RemoteHost
- {
- get
- {
- return strRemoteHost;
- }
- set
- {
- strRemoteHost = value;
- }
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// FTP服务器端口
- /// </summary>
- private int strRemotePort;
- public int RemotePort
- {
- get
- {
- return strRemotePort;
- }
- set
- {
- strRemotePort = value;
- }
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 当前服务器目录
- /// </summary>
- private string strRemotePath;
- public string RemotePath
- {
- get
- {
- return strRemotePath;
- }
- set
- {
- strRemotePath = value;
- }
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 登录用户账号
- /// </summary>
- private string strRemoteUser;
- public string RemoteUser
- {
- set
- {
- strRemoteUser = value;
- }
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 用户登录密码
- /// </summary>
- private string strRemotePass;
- public string RemotePass
- {
- set
- {
- strRemotePass = value;
- }
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 是否登录
- /// </summary>
- private Boolean bConnected;
- public bool Connected
- {
- get
- {
- return bConnected;
- }
- }
- #endregion
- #region 链接
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 建立连接
- /// </summary>
- public void Connect()
- {
- socketControl = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp);
- IPEndPoint ep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(RemoteHost), strRemotePort);
- // 链接
- try
- {
- socketControl.Connect(ep);
- }
- catch(Exception)
- {
- throw new IOException("Couldn't connect to remote server");
- }
- // 获取应答码
- ReadReply();
- if(iReplyCode != 220)
- {
- DisConnect();
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- // 登陆
- SendCommand("USER "+strRemoteUser);
- if( !(iReplyCode == 331 || iReplyCode == 230) )
- {
- CloseSocketConnect();//关闭连接
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- if( iReplyCode != 230 )
- {
- SendCommand("PASS "+strRemotePass);
- if( !(iReplyCode == 230 || iReplyCode == 202) )
- {
- CloseSocketConnect();//关闭连接
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- }
- bConnected = true;
- // 切换到目录
- ChDir(strRemotePath);
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 关闭连接
- /// </summary>
- public void DisConnect()
- {
- if( socketControl != null )
- {
- SendCommand("QUIT");
- }
- CloseSocketConnect();
- }
- #endregion
- #region 传输模式
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 传输模式:二进制类型、ASCII类型
- /// </summary>
- public enum TransferType {Binary,ASCII};
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 设置传输模式
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="ttType">传输模式</param>
- public void SetTransferType(TransferType ttType)
- {
- if(ttType == TransferType.Binary)
- {
- SendCommand("TYPE I");//binary类型传输
- }
- else
- {
- SendCommand("TYPE A");//ASCII类型传输
- }
- if (iReplyCode != 200)
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- else
- {
- trType = ttType;
- }
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 获得传输模式
- /// </summary>
- /// <returns>传输模式</returns>
- public TransferType GetTransferType()
- {
- return trType;
- }
- #endregion
- #region 文件操作
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 获得文件列表
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="strMask">文件名的匹配字符串</param>
- /// <returns></returns>
- public string[] Dir(string strMask)
- {
- // 建立链接
- if(!bConnected)
- {
- Connect();
- }
- //建立进行数据连接的socket
- Socket socketData = CreateDataSocket();
- //传送命令
- SendCommand("NLST " + strMask);
- //分析应答代码
- if(!(iReplyCode == 150 || iReplyCode == 125 || iReplyCode == 226))
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- //获得结果
- strMsg = "";
- while(true)
- {
- int iBytes = socketData.Receive(buffer, buffer.Length, 0);
- strMsg += ASCII.GetString(buffer, 0, iBytes);
- if(iBytes < buffer.Length)
- {
- break;
- }
- }
- char[] seperator = {'/n'};
- string[] strsFileList = strMsg.Split(seperator);
- socketData.Close();//数据socket关闭时也会有返回码
- if(iReplyCode != 226)
- {
- ReadReply();
- if(iReplyCode != 226)
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- }
- return strsFileList;
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 获取文件大小
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="strFileName">文件名</param>
- /// <returns>文件大小</returns>
- private long GetFileSize(string strFileName)
- {
- if(!bConnected)
- {
- Connect();
- }
- SendCommand("SIZE " + Path.GetFileName(strFileName));
- long lSize=0;
- if(iReplyCode == 213)
- {
- lSize = Int64.Parse(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- else
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- return lSize;
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 删除
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="strFileName">待删除文件名</param>
- public void Delete(string strFileName)
- {
- if(!bConnected)
- {
- Connect();
- }
- SendCommand("DELE "+strFileName);
- if(iReplyCode != 250)
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 重命名(如果新文件名与已有文件重名,将覆盖已有文件)
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="strOldFileName">旧文件名</param>
- /// <param name="strNewFileName">新文件名</param>
- public void Rename(string strOldFileName,string strNewFileName)
- {
- if(!bConnected)
- {
- Connect();
- }
- SendCommand("RNFR "+strOldFileName);
- if(iReplyCode != 350)
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- // 如果新文件名与原有文件重名,将覆盖原有文件
- SendCommand("RNTO "+strNewFileName);
- if(iReplyCode != 250)
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- }
- #endregion
- #region 上传和下载
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 下载一批文件
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="strFileNameMask">文件名的匹配字符串</param>
- /// <param name="strFolder">本地目录(不得以/结束)</param>
- public void Get(string strFileNameMask,string strFolder)
- {
- if(!bConnected)
- {
- Connect();
- }
- string[] strFiles = Dir(strFileNameMask);
- foreach(string strFile in strFiles)
- {
- if(!strFile.Equals(""))//一般来说strFiles的最后一个元素可能是空字符串
- {
- Get(strFile,strFolder,strFile);
- }
- }
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 下载一个文件
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="strRemoteFileName">要下载的文件名</param>
- /// <param name="strFolder">本地目录(不得以/结束)</param>
- /// <param name="strLocalFileName">保存在本地时的文件名</param>
- public void Get(string strRemoteFileName,string strFolder,string strLocalFileName)
- {
- if(!bConnected)
- {
- Connect();
- }
- SetTransferType(TransferType.Binary);
- if (strLocalFileName.Equals(""))
- {
- strLocalFileName = strRemoteFileName;
- }
- if(!File.Exists(strFolder + "//" +strLocalFileName))
- {
- Stream st = File.Create(strFolder + "//" +strLocalFileName);
- st.Close();
- }
- FileStream output = new
- FileStream(strFolder + "//" + strLocalFileName,FileMode.Create);
- Socket socketData = CreateDataSocket();
- SendCommand("RETR " + strRemoteFileName);
- if(!(iReplyCode == 150 || iReplyCode == 125
- || iReplyCode == 226 || iReplyCode == 250))
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- while(true)
- {
- int iBytes = socketData.Receive(buffer, buffer.Length, 0);
- output.Write(buffer,0,iBytes);
- if(iBytes <= 0)
- {
- break;
- }
- }
- output.Close();
- if (socketData.Connected)
- {
- socketData.Close();
- }
- if(!(iReplyCode == 226 || iReplyCode == 250))
- {
- ReadReply();
- if(!(iReplyCode == 226 || iReplyCode == 250))
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- }
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 上传一批文件
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="strFolder">本地目录(不得以/结束)</param>
- /// <param name="strFileNameMask">文件名匹配字符(可以包含*和?)</param>
- public void Put(string strFolder,string strFileNameMask)
- {
- string[] strFiles = Directory.GetFiles(strFolder,strFileNameMask);
- foreach(string strFile in strFiles)
- {
- //strFile是完整的文件名(包含路径)
- Put(strFile);
- }
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 上传一个文件
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="strFileName">本地文件名</param>
- public void Put(string strFileName)
- {
- if(!bConnected)
- {
- Connect();
- }
- Socket socketData = CreateDataSocket();
- SendCommand("STOR "+Path.GetFileName(strFileName));
- if( !(iReplyCode == 125 || iReplyCode == 150) )
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- FileStream input = new
- FileStream(strFileName,FileMode.Open);
- int iBytes = 0;
- while ((iBytes = input.Read(buffer,0,buffer.Length)) > 0)
- {
- socketData.Send(buffer, iBytes, 0);
- }
- input.Close();
- if (socketData.Connected)
- {
- socketData.Close();
- }
- if(!(iReplyCode == 226 || iReplyCode == 250))
- {
- ReadReply();
- if(!(iReplyCode == 226 || iReplyCode == 250))
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- }
- }
- #endregion
- #region 目录操作
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 创建目录
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="strDirName">目录名</param>
- public void MkDir(string strDirName)
- {
- if(!bConnected)
- {
- Connect();
- }
- SendCommand("MKD "+strDirName);
- if(iReplyCode != 257)
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 删除目录
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="strDirName">目录名</param>
- public void RmDir(string strDirName)
- {
- if(!bConnected)
- {
- Connect();
- }
- SendCommand("RMD "+strDirName);
- if(iReplyCode != 250)
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 改变目录
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="strDirName">新的工作目录名</param>
- public void ChDir(string strDirName)
- {
- if(strDirName.Equals(".") || strDirName.Equals(""))
- {
- return;
- }
- if(!bConnected)
- {
- Connect();
- }
- SendCommand("CWD "+strDirName);
- if(iReplyCode != 250)
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- this.strRemotePath = strDirName;
- }
- #endregion
- #region 内部变量
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 服务器返回的应答信息(包含应答码)
- /// </summary>
- private string strMsg;
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 服务器返回的应答信息(包含应答码)
- /// </summary>
- private string strReply;
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 服务器返回的应答码
- /// </summary>
- private int iReplyCode;
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 进行控制连接的socket
- /// </summary>
- private Socket socketControl;
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 传输模式
- /// </summary>
- private TransferType trType;
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 接收和发送数据的缓冲区
- /// </summary>
- private static int BLOCK_SIZE = 512;
- Byte[] buffer = new Byte[BLOCK_SIZE];
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 编码方式
- /// </summary>
- Encoding ASCII = Encoding.ASCII;
- #endregion
- #region 内部函数
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 将一行应答字符串记录在strReply和strMsg
- /// 应答码记录在iReplyCode
- /// </summary>
- private void ReadReply()
- {
- strMsg = "";
- strReply = ReadLine();
- iReplyCode = Int32.Parse(strReply.Substring(0,3));
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 建立进行数据连接的socket
- /// </summary>
- /// <returns>数据连接socket</returns>
- private Socket CreateDataSocket()
- {
- SendCommand("PASV");
- if(iReplyCode != 227)
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- int index1 = strReply.IndexOf('(');
- int index2 = strReply.IndexOf(')');
- string ipData =
- strReply.Substring(index1+1,index2-index1-1);
- int[] parts = new int[6];
- int len = ipData.Length;
- int partCount = 0;
- string buf="";
- for (int i = 0; i < len && partCount <= 6; i++)
- {
- char ch = Char.Parse(ipData.Substring(i,1));
- if (Char.IsDigit(ch))
- buf+=ch;
- else if (ch != ',')
- {
- throw new IOException("Malformed PASV strReply: " +
- strReply);
- }
- if (ch == ',' || i+1 == len)
- {
- try
- {
- parts[partCount++] = Int32.Parse(buf);
- buf="";
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- throw new IOException("Malformed PASV strReply: " +
- strReply);
- }
- }
- }
- string ipAddress = parts[0] + "."+ parts[1]+ "." +
- parts[2] + "." + parts[3];
- int port = (parts[4] << 8) + parts[5];
- Socket s = new
- Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp);
- IPEndPoint ep = new
- IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(ipAddress), port);
- try
- {
- s.Connect(ep);
- }
- catch(Exception)
- {
- throw new IOException("Can't connect to remote server");
- }
- return s;
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 关闭socket连接(用于登录以前)
- /// </summary>
- private void CloseSocketConnect()
- {
- if(socketControl!=null)
- {
- socketControl.Close();
- socketControl = null;
- }
- bConnected = false;
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 读取Socket返回的所有字符串
- /// </summary>
- /// <returns>包含应答码的字符串行</returns>
- private string ReadLine()
- {
- while(true)
- {
- int iBytes = socketControl.Receive(buffer, buffer.Length, 0);
- strMsg += ASCII.GetString(buffer, 0, iBytes);
- if(iBytes < buffer.Length)
- {
- break;
- }
- }
- char[] seperator = {'/n'};
- string[] mess = strMsg.Split(seperator);
- if(strMsg.Length > 2)
- {
- strMsg = mess[mess.Length-2];
- //seperator[0]是10,换行符是由13和0组成的,分隔后10后面虽没有字符串,
- //但也会分配为空字符串给后面(也是最后一个)字符串数组,
- //所以最后一个mess是没用的空字符串
- //但为什么不直接取mess[0],因为只有最后一行字符串应答码与信息之间有空格
- }
- else
- {
- strMsg = mess[0];
- }
- if(!strMsg.Substring(3,1).Equals(" "))//返回字符串正确的是以应答码(如220开头,后面接一空格,再接问候字符串)
- {
- return ReadLine();
- }
- return strMsg;
- }
- /**//// <summary>
- /// 发送命令并获取应答码和最后一行应答字符串
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="strCommand">命令</param>
- private void SendCommand(String strCommand)
- {
- Byte[] cmdBytes =
- Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes((strCommand+"/r/n").ToCharArray());
- socketControl.Send(cmdBytes, cmdBytes.Length, 0);
- ReadReply();
- }
- #endregion
- }
- }
该工具类还提供一些文件操作,注释也比较丰富,再次向这个类的作者致敬。
-------------------------------------------------
这个类有一种无法处理的情况,如果FTP服务器使用SSL或者SSH2安全协议搭建的Secure FTP Server,就无法链接上了。在网上找到一个可行的办法,见文章:http://blog.csdn.net/venus0314/archive/2006/09/21/1262386.aspx
原理是利用psftp.exe工具来上传文件,上传过程和通讯协议都被隐藏了,通过流写DOS命令来文件的复制与粘贴的操作。我写过测试类,但没有成功,不过应该是一个可行的办法,正在想办法研究,如果有结果将会在博客中放出来。
psftp.exe比较难找,但还是找的到的。google吧!
-------------------------------------------------
Updated On 2008-10-21
FTPClient类中没有包含Append的功能,即将本地文件的内容追加到远程文件上的功能。这里,我放上来一个通过了测试的Append方法:
- /// <summary>
- /// 文件Append操作
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="strFileName">被Append的本地文件名,要求与远程文件名一致</param>
- public void Append(string strFileName)
- {
- if(!bConnected)
- Connect();
- Socket socketData = CreateDataSocket();
- SetTransferType(TransferType.Binary);
- SendCommand("APPE " + Path.GetFileName(strFileName));
- if( !(iReplyCode == 125 || iReplyCode == 150) )
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- FileStream input = new FileStream(strFileName,FileMode.Open);
- int iBytes = 0;
- while ((iBytes = input.Read(buffer,0,buffer.Length)) > 0)
- {
- socketData.Send(buffer, iBytes, 0);
- }
- input.Close();
- if (socketData.Connected)
- {
- socketData.Close();
- }
- if(!(iReplyCode == 226 || iReplyCode == 250))
- {
- ReadReply();
- if(!(iReplyCode == 226 || iReplyCode == 250))
- {
- throw new IOException(strReply.Substring(4));
- }
- }
- }
这里没有提供指定FTP远程服务器上文件名的功能,要求你上传的本地文件名与远程数据库文件名一致。事实上,我做过指定远程文件名的尝试,即将命令该为“APPE local-file remote-file”的格式,但我发现,结果是,它把本地文件的内容传上去后,生成了一个文件名为local-file与remote-file拼接后的新文件,令人费解!!