seleniumGrid分布式远程执行测试脚本
执行UI自动化测试脚本时，不仅可以在本地执行，也可以远程指定某计算机执行测试脚本，seleniumGrid为我们提供了这类服务，但还需要自己搭建环境。
一、本地计算机需要准备java环境和selenium-server-standalone-4.0.0-alpha-2.jar包，jar包主要开启本机的hub节点（理解成控制机）。红色部分是开启本机（控制机）节点，蓝色部分是开启远程node节点时需要连接控制机地址
控制机地址
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λ java -jar selenium-server-standalone-4.0.0-alpha-2.jar -role hub
11:05:38.938 INFO [GridLauncherV3.parse] - Selenium server version: 4.0.0-a
lpha-2, revision: f148142cf8
11:05:39.233 INFO [GridLauncherV3.lambda$buildLaunchers$5] - Launching Sele
nium Grid hub on port 4444
SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further d
etails.
11:05:41.352 INFO [Hub.start] - Selenium Grid hub is up and running
11:05:41.356 INFO [Hub.start] - Nodes should register to http://192.168.207
.1:4444/grid/register/
11:05:41.358 INFO [Hub.start] - Clients should connect to http://192.168.20
7.1:4444/wd/hub
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二、远程机（我用的ubuntu系统）需要准备java环境和selenium-server-standalone-4.0.0-alpha-2.jar包，以及浏览器驱动（我用的firefox的驱动）。记住浏览器驱动需要添加到系统环境变量中：export PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/bin"。在远程机启动node节点：java -jar selenium-server-standalone-4.0.0-alpha-2.jar -role node -port 32100 -hub http://192.168.207.1:4444/grid/register/（开启远程节点并连接控制机），连接成功后，在控制机的dos窗口可以看到绿色部分，表示远程机与控制机连接成功。
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λ java -jar selenium-server-standalone-4.0.0-alpha-2.jar -role hub
11:05:38.938 INFO [GridLauncherV3.parse] - Selenium server version: 4.0.0-a
lpha-2, revision: f148142cf8
11:05:39.233 INFO [GridLauncherV3.lambda$buildLaunchers$5] - Launching Sele
nium Grid hub on port 4444
SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further d
etails.
11:05:41.352 INFO [Hub.start] - Selenium Grid hub is up and running
11:05:41.356 INFO [Hub.start] - Nodes should register to http://192.168.207
.1:4444/grid/register/
11:05:41.358 INFO [Hub.start] - Clients should connect to http://192.168.20
7.1:4444/wd/hub
11:19:02.829 INFO [DefaultGridRegistry.add] - Registered a node http://192.
168.52.137:32100
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三、python脚本。主要用到selenium.webdriver.remote.webdriver的WebDriver类完成远程执行脚本的任务。第一个参数是远程计算机的ip与连接端口，第二个参数是执行脚本的浏览器名称。
1
driver=webdriver.WebDriver(command_executor='http://0.0.0.0:0/wd/hub',desired_capabilities={ "browserName": "firefox"})
