AES加密算法的JAVA实现

最近公司需要，看了看AES对称加密算法，具体原理没有仔细研究还，先说说用法吧，由于能力有限，不足之处请大家多多指教，好了，不说废话了，直接上代码

/**
 * 加密
 *
 * @param content  需要加密的内容
 * @param password 加密密码
 * @return
 */
public static byte[] encrypt(String content, String password) {
    KeyGenerator kgen = null;
    try {
        kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
        kgen.init(128, new SecureRandom(password.getBytes()));
        SecretKey secretKey = kgen.generateKey();
        byte[] enCodeFormat = secretKey.getEncoded();
        SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(enCodeFormat, "AES");
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");// 创建密码器
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);// 初始化
        byte[] byteContent = content.getBytes("utf-8");
        byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(byteContent);
        return result;//加密
    } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | InvalidKeyException
            | NoSuchPaddingException | BadPaddingException
            | UnsupportedEncodingException | IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
}

/**
 * 解密
 *
 * @param content  待解密内容
 * @param password 解密密钥
 * @return
 */
public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] content, String password) {
    KeyGenerator kgen = null;
    try {
        kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
        kgen.init(128, new SecureRandom(password.getBytes()));
        SecretKey secretKey = kgen.generateKey();
        byte[] enCodeFormat = secretKey.getEncoded();
        SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(enCodeFormat, "AES");
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");// 创建密码器
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);// 初始化
        byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(content);
        return result; // 解密
    } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | BadPaddingException
            | IllegalBlockSizeException | NoSuchPaddingException
            | InvalidKeyException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;

}

String content = "test";
String password = "123456";
//加密
System.out.println("加密前：" + content);
byte[] encryptResult = encrypt(content, password);
System.out.println("加密后：" + encryptResult.toString());
//解密
byte[] decryptResult = decrypt(encryptResult, password);
System.out.println("解密后：" + new String(decryptResult));

//解密
try {
    String encryptResultStr = new String(encryptResult, "utf-8");
    byte[] decryptResult = decrypt(encryptResultStr.getBytes("utf-8"), password);
    System.out.println("解密后：" + new String(decryptResult));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

网上看了很多文章，发现还是这样写合适：

/**
 * 加密
 * @param content
 * @param strKey
 * @return
 * @throws Exception
 */
public static byte[] encrypt(String content,String strKey ) throws Exception {
    SecretKeySpec skeySpec = getKey(strKey);
    Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
    IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec("0102030405060708".getBytes());
    cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);
    byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(content.getBytes());
    return  encrypted;
}

/**
 * 解密
 * @param strKey
 * @param content
 * @return
 * @throws Exception
 */
public static String decrypt(byte[] content,String strKey ) throws Exception {
    SecretKeySpec skeySpec = getKey(strKey);
    Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
    IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec("0102030405060708".getBytes());
    cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec, iv);
    byte[] original = cipher.doFinal(content);
    String originalString = new String(original);
    return originalString;
}

private static SecretKeySpec getKey(String strKey) throws Exception {
    byte[] arrBTmp = strKey.getBytes();
    byte[] arrB = new byte[16]; // 创建一个空的16位字节数组（默认值为0）

    for (int i = 0; i < arrBTmp.length && i < arrB.length; i++) {
        arrB[i] = arrBTmp[i];
    }

    SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(arrB, "AES");

    return skeySpec;
}

测试就不写了，我们再对版本功能进行一下加强，对传输的数据使用base64进行编码，先写base64的编码和解码：

/**
 * base 64 encode
 * @param bytes 待编码的byte[]
 * @return 编码后的base 64 code
 */
public static String base64Encode(byte[] bytes){
    return new BASE64Encoder().encode(bytes);
}

/**
 * base 64 decode
 * @param base64Code 待解码的base 64 code
 * @return 解码后的byte[]
 * @throws Exception
 */
public static byte[] base64Decode(String base64Code) throws Exception{
    return base64Code.isEmpty() ? null : new BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(base64Code);
}

接着对AES加密的数据进行base64编码，对AES解密的数据进行解码：

/**
 * AES加密为base 64 code
 * @param content 待加密的内容
 * @param encryptKey 加密密钥
 * @return 加密后的base 64 code
 * @throws Exception
 */
public static String aesEncrypt(String content, String encryptKey) throws Exception {
    return base64Encode(encrypt(content, encryptKey));
}
/**
 * 将base 64 code AES解密
 * @param encryptStr 待解密的base 64 code
 * @param decryptKey 解密密钥
 * @return 解密后的string
 * @throws Exception
 */
public static String aesDecrypt(String encryptStr, String decryptKey) throws Exception {
    return encryptStr.isEmpty() ? null : decrypt(base64Decode(encryptStr), decryptKey);
}

写一个测试，看下效果：

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    String test = "我爱你";
    System.out.println("加密前：" + test);

    String key = "123456";
    System.out.println("密钥：" + key);

    String encrypt = aesEncrypt(test, key);
    System.out.println("加密后：" + encrypt);

    String decrypt = aesDecrypt(encrypt, key);
    System.out.println("解密后：" + decrypt);

}

好了，受个人水平所限，就先写这么多吧，以后有更多内容再往上补充

参考：

http://blog.csdn.net/uikoo9/article/details/27982575

http://blog.csdn.net/hbcui1984/article/details/5201247

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7c8eb1590100svr0.html

https://github.com/tozny/java-aes-crypto