前言
这是和我一步步部署kubernetes集群项目((fork自opsnull))中的一篇文章,下 文是结合我之前部署kubernetes的过程产生的kuberentes环境,部署master节点的kube-apiserver
、kube-controller-manager
和kube-scheduler
的过程。
高可用Kubernetes Master节点安装
kubernetes master 节点包含的组件:
- kube-apiserver
- kube-scheduler
- kube-controller-manager
目前这三个组件需要部署在同一台机器上。
kube-scheduler
、kube-controller-manager
和kube-apiserver
三者的功能紧密相关;- 同时只能有一个
kube-scheduler
、kube-controller-manager
进程处于工作状态,如果运行多个,则需要通过选举产生一个 leader;
本文档记录部署一个三个节点的高可用 kubernetes master 集群步骤。(后续创建一个 load balancer 来代理访问 kube-apiserver 的请求)
TLS 证书文件
pem和token.csv证书文件我们在TLS证书和秘钥这一步中已经创建过了。我们再检查一下。
$ ls /etc/kubernetes/ssl
admin-key.pem admin.pem ca-key.pem ca.pem kube-proxy-key.pem kube-proxy.pem kubernetes-key.pem kubernetes.pem
下载最新版本的二进制文件
有两种下载方式
方式一
从 github release 页面 下载发布版 tarball,解压后再执行下载脚本
$ wget https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases/download/v1.6.0/kubernetes.tar.gz $ tar -xzvf kubernetes.tar.gz
... $ cd kubernetes
$ ./cluster/get-kube-binaries.sh
...
方式二
从 CHANGELOG
页面 下载 client
或 server
tarball 文件
server
的 tarball kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
已经包含了 client
(kubectl
) 二进制文件,所以不用单独下载kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
文件;
$ # wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.6.0/kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz $ wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.6.0/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz $ tar -xzvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
... $ cd kubernetes
$ tar -xzvf kubernetes-src.tar.gz
将二进制文件拷贝到指定路径
$ cp -r server/bin/{
kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,kubectl,kube-proxy,kubelet} /root/local/bin/
配置和启动 Kube-Apiserver
创建 kube-apiserver的service配置文件
serivce配置文件/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
内容:
[Unit] Description=Kubernetes API Service Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes After=network.target After=etcd.service [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/apiserver ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-apiserver \
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
$KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS \
$KUBE_API_ADDRESS \
$KUBE_API_PORT \
$KUBELET_PORT \
$KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV \
$KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES \
$KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL \
$KUBE_API_ARGS
Restart=on-failure Type=notify LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
/etc/kubernetes/config
文件的内容为:
### # kubernetes system config # # The following values are used to configure various aspects of all # kubernetes services, including # # kube-apiserver.service # kube-controller-manager.service # kube-scheduler.service # kubelet.service # kube-proxy.service # logging to stderr means we get it in the systemd journal KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR="--logtostderr=true" # journal message level, 0 is debug KUBE_LOG_LEVEL="--v=0" # Should this cluster be allowed to run privileged docker containers KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV="--allow-privileged=true" # How the controller-manager, scheduler, and proxy find the apiserver #KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://sz-pg-oam-docker-test-001.tendcloud.com:8080" KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://172.20.0.113:8080"
该配置文件同时被kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler、kubelet、kube-proxy使用。
apiserver配置文件/etc/kubernetes/apiserver
内容为:
### ## kubernetes system config ## ## The following values are used to configure the kube-apiserver ## # ## The address on the local server to listen to. #KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=sz-pg-oam-docker-test-001.tendcloud.com"
KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--advertise-address=172.20.0.113 --bind-address=172.20.0.113 --insecure-bind-address=172.20.0.113" # ## The port on the local server to listen on. #KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080" # ## Port minions listen on #KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet-port=10250" # ## Comma separated list of nodes in the etcd cluster
KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=https://172.20.0.113:2379,172.20.0.114:2379,172.20.0.115:2379" # ## Address range to use for services
KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16" # ## default admission control policies
KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=ServiceAccount,NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,ResourceQuota" # ## Add your own!
KUBE_API_ARGS="--authorization-mode=RBAC --runtime-config=rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1 --kubelet-https=true --experimental-bootstrap-token-auth --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv --service-node-port-range=30000-32767 --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem --etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem --enable-swagger-ui=true --apiserver-count=3 --audit-log-maxage=30 --audit-log-maxbackup=3 --audit-log-maxsize=100 --audit-log-path=/var/lib/audit.log --event-ttl=1h"
--authorization-mode=RBAC
指定在安全端口使用 RBAC 授权模式,拒绝未通过授权的请求;- kube-scheduler、kube-controller-manager 一般和 kube-apiserver 部署在同一台机器上,它们使用非安全端口和 kube-apiserver通信;
- kubelet、kube-proxy、kubectl 部署在其它 Node 节点上,如果通过安全端口访问 kube-apiserver,则必须先通过 TLS 证书认证,再通过 RBAC 授权;
- kube-proxy、kubectl 通过在使用的证书里指定相关的 User、Group 来达到通过 RBAC 授权的目的;
- 如果使用了 kubelet TLS Boostrap 机制,则不能再指定
--kubelet-certificate-authority
、--kubelet-client-certificate
和--kubelet-client-key
选项,否则后续 kube-apiserver 校验 kubelet 证书时出现 ”x509: certificate signed by unknown authority“ 错误; --admission-control
值必须包含ServiceAccount
;--bind-address
不能为127.0.0.1
;runtime-config
配置为rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
,表示运行时的apiVersion;--service-cluster-ip-range
指定 Service Cluster IP 地址段,该地址段不能路由可达;- 缺省情况下 kubernetes 对象保存在 etcd
/registry
路径下,可以通过--etcd-prefix
参数进行调整;
完整 unit 见 kube-apiserver.service
启动kube-apiserver
$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ systemctl enable kube-apiserver
$ systemctl start kube-apiserver
$ systemctl status kube-apiserver
配置和启动 Kube-Controller-Manager
创建 kube-controller-manager的serivce配置文件
文件路径/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-controller-manager \
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
$KUBE_MASTER \
$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS
Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
配置文件/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager
。
### # The following values are used to configure the kubernetes controller-manager # defaults from config and apiserver should be adequate # Add your own! KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS="--address=127.0.0.1 --service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16 --cluster-name=kubernetes --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --leader-elect=true"
--service-cluster-ip-range
参数指定 Cluster 中 Service 的CIDR范围,该网络在各 Node 间必须路由不可达,必须和 kube-apiserver 中的参数一致;--cluster-signing-*
指定的证书和私钥文件用来签名为 TLS BootStrap 创建的证书和私钥;--root-ca-file
用来对 kube-apiserver 证书进行校验,指定该参数后,才会在Pod 容器的 ServiceAccount 中放置该 CA 证书文件;--address
值必须为127.0.0.1
,因为当前 kube-apiserver 期望 scheduler 和 controller-manager 在同一台机器,否则:
$ kubectl get componentstatuses
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
scheduler Unhealthy Get http://127.0.0.1:10251/healthz: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10251: getsockopt: connection refused
controller-manager Healthy ok
etcd-2 Unhealthy Get http://172.20.0.113:2379/health: malformed HTTP response "\x15\x03\x01\x00\x02\x02"
etcd-0 Healthy {
"health": "true"}
etcd-1 Healthy {
"health": "true"}
参考:https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/bootkube/issues/64
完整 unit 见 kube-controller-manager.service
启动 Kube-Controller-Manager
$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
$ systemctl start kube-controller-manager
配置和启动 Kube-Scheduler
创建 kube-scheduler的serivce配置文件
文件路径/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.serivce
。
[Unit] Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Plugin Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/config EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/scheduler ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-scheduler \
$KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR \
$KUBE_LOG_LEVEL \
$KUBE_MASTER \
$KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS
Restart=on-failure LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
配置文件/etc/kubernetes/scheduler
。
### # kubernetes scheduler config # default config should be adequate # Add your own!
KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS="--leader-elect=true --address=127.0.0.1"
--address
值必须为127.0.0.1
,因为当前 kube-apiserver 期望 scheduler 和 controller-manager 在同一台机器;
完整 unit 见 kube-scheduler.service
启动 Kube-Scheduler
$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ systemctl enable kube-scheduler
$ systemctl start kube-scheduler
验证 Master 节点功能
$ kubectl get componentstatuses
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
scheduler Healthy ok
controller-manager Healthy ok
etcd-0 Healthy {
"health": "true"}
etcd-1 Healthy {
"health": "true"}
etcd-2 Healthy {
"health": "true"}
后记
当时在配置过程中遇到了问题TLS认证相关的问题,其实就是因为配置apiserver时候etcd的协议写成了http导致的,应该是用https。
Opsnull写的kubernetes高可用master集群部署过程中似乎并没有包括高可用的配置,才云科技的唐继元分享过Kubernetes Master High Availability 高级实践。
究竟如何实现kubernetes master的高可用还需要继续探索。
本文转自中文社区-Kubernetes高可用Master节点安装