快速入门
下面我们使用jython来调用自定义jar包中的类。
编辑java文件：Beach.java
public class Beach {
private String name;
private String city;
public Beach(String name, String city){
this.name = name;
this.city = city;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
}编译成jar包：
# javac Beach.java
# echo Main-Class: Beach >manifest.txt
# jar cvfm Craps.jar manifest.txt *.class
已添加清单
正在添加: Beach.class(输入 = 795) (输出 = 430)(压缩了 45%)
正在添加: Point.class(输入 = 708) (输出 = 445)(压缩了 37%)添加Craps.jar到CLASSPATH，修改/etc/profile，修改CLASSPATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:/usr/local/jython/Craps.jar使用. /etc/profile导入变量。然后使用jython调用java代码。
# ./jython
Jython 2.7.0 (default:9987c746f838, Apr 29 2015, 02:25:11)
[Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (Oracle Corporation)] on java1.7.0_79
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import Beach
>>> beach = Beach("Cocoa Beach","Cocoa Beach")
>>> beach.getName()
u'Cocoa Beach'
>>> print beach.getName()
Cocoa Beach
>>>基础
Linux安装：
# java -jar jython-installer-2.7.0.jar
# ./jython
Jython 2.7.0 (default:9987c746f838, Apr 29 2015, 02:25:11)
[Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (Oracle Corporation)] on java1.7.0_79
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>windows安装：双击jython-installer-2.7.0.jar, 执行jython.exe
变量定义：
java
int x = 0;
jython：
x = 0
x = 'Hello Jython'是动态类型的。
保留字：
and assert break class continue
def del elif else except
exec finally for from global
or pass print raise return
try while with yield编码结构使用缩进。
函数名也可以作为函数的参数。
语句关键字：
if-elif-else for
while continue
break try-except-finally
assert def
print del
raise import文件名和类名一样可以直接导入。
此部分参考资料：
http://www.jython.org/jythonbook/en/1.0/JythonAndJavaIntegration.html
http://www.skylit.com/javamethods/faqs/createjar.html
参考资料：
http://www.jython.org/jythonbook/en/1.0/
模块和包
查看命名空间
>>> dir()
['__builtins__', '__doc__', '__name__', '__package__']Jython的导入不像java那样必须在头部。导入java以右边名优先，python以左边名优先。模块查找路径：
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path
['', '/usr/local/jython2.7.0/Lib', '__classpath__', '__pyclasspath__/', '/usr/local/jython2.7.0/Lib/site-packages']
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path
['', '/usr/local/jython2.7.0/Lib', '__classpath__', '__pyclasspath__/', '/usr/local/jython2.7.0/Lib/site-packages']
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path.append("/home/andrew/code/java/mysql-connector-java-5.1.39/mysql-connector-java-5.1.39-bin.jar")
>>> import com.mysql
*sys-package-mgr*: can't write cache file for '/home/andrew/code/java/mysql-connector-java-5.1.39/mysql-connector-java-5.1.39-bin.jar'
*sys-package-mgr*: can't write index file
>>> dir(com.mysql)
['__name__', 'fabric', 'jdbc']
>>> import java.util.zip
>>> dir(java.util.zip)
['Adler32', 'CRC32', 'CheckedInputStream', 'CheckedOutputStream', 'Checksum', 'DataFormatException', 'Deflater', 'DeflaterInputStream', 'DeflaterOutputStream', 'GZIPInputStream', 'GZIPOutputStream', 'Inflater', 'InflaterInputStream', 'InflaterOutputStream', 'ZipEntry', 'ZipError', 'ZipException', 'ZipFile', 'ZipInputStream', 'ZipOutputStream', '__name__']
>>> dir(java.util.zip.ZipInputStream)
['__class__', '__copy__', '__deepcopy__', '__delattr__', '__doc__', '__ensure_finalizer__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__unicode__', 'available', 'class', 'close', 'closeEntry', 'equals', 'getClass', 'getNextEntry', 'hashCode', 'mark', 'markSupported', 'nextEntry', 'notify', 'notifyAll', 'read', 'reset', 'skip', 'toString', 'wait']Jython 查找Jar和类的方法：
python.packages.paths
python.packages.directories
java.class.path
java.ext.dirs
python.cachedir.skippycimport把python字节码转换成java字节码。Jython导入java包可能有多个包合并。
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path_hooks
[<type 'org.python.core.JavaImporter'>, <type 'zipimport.zipimporter'>,
<type 'ClasspathPyImporter'>]
import pycimport数据类型
Jython特定的collection，多用于给java传递数据。
# Import and use a Java ArrayList
>>> import java.util.ArrayList as ArrayList
>>> arr = ArrayList()
# Add method will add an element to the list and return a boolean to signify
successsful addition
>>> arr.add(1)
True
>>> arr.add(2)
True
>>> print arr
[1, 2]比较老的Jarray，不推荐使用，不过可以创建空数组：
类型：
Character Java Equivalent
z boolean
b byte
c char
d Double
f Float
h Short
i Int
l Long
>>> my_seq = (1,2,3,4,5)
>>> from jarray import array
>>> array(my_seq,'i')
array('i', [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
>>> myStr = "Hello Jython"
>>> array(myStr,'c')
array('c', 'Hello Jython')
>>> arr = zeros(10,'z')
>>> arr
array('z', [False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False, False])
>>> arr2 = zeros(6, 'i')
>>> arr2
array('i', [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])求素数
`>>> ``nums = range(2, 50) `
`>>> ``for i in range(2, 8): `
`... `` nums = filter(lambda x: x == i or x % i, nums)`
`... `
`>>> ``print nums`读取输入：
<pre># Obtain a value from the command line and store it into a variable
>>> import sys
>>> fav_team = sys.stdin.readline()
Cubs
>>> sys.stdout.write("My favorite team is: %s" % fav_team)
My favorite team is: Cubs</pre>函数
协程：
**def** search_file(filename):
**print** 'Searching file *%s*' % (filename)
my_file = open(filename, 'r')
file_content = my_file.read()
my_file.close()
**while** True:
search_text = (**yield**)
search_result = file_content.count(search_text)
**print** 'Number of matches: *%d*' % (search_result)</pre>
Jython脚本编程基础
os.chdir不会改变jvm的启动目录。
>>> import os
>>> os.getcwd()
'/Users/frank/Desktop/frank/hg/jythonbook~jython-book/src/chapter8'
>>> from java.io import File
>>> f = File(".")
>>> for x in f.list():
... print x
...
args.py
search.py
>>> os.chdir("/Users/frank")
>>> os.getcwd()
'/Users/frank'
>>> os.listdir(".")
['Desktop', 'Documents', 'Downloads', 'Dropbox', 'Library', 'Movies', 'Music', 'Pictures', 'Public', 'Sites']
>>> g = File(".")
>>> for x in g.list():
... print x
...
args.py
search.py
编译代码!/usr/local/jython2.7.0/bin/jython
from javax.tools import (ForwardingJavaFileManager, ToolProvider, DiagnosticCollector,)
names = ["/home/andrew/code/python/jythonbook/src/chapter8/HelloWorld.java"]
compiler = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler()
diagnostics = DiagnosticCollector()
manager = compiler.getStandardFileManager(diagnostics, None, None)
units = manager.getJavaFileObjectsFromStrings(names)
comp_task = compiler.getTask(None, manager, diagnostics, None, None, units)
success = comp_task.call()
manager.close()
import os
import sys
import glob
from javax.tools import (forwardingjavafilemanager, toolprovider,
diagnosticcollector,)
tasks = {}
def task(func):
tasks[func.func_name] = func
@task
def clean():
files = glob.glob("\*.class")
**for** file **in** files:
os.unlink(file)
@task
def compile():
files = glob.glob("\*.java")
_log("compiling *%s*" % files)
**if** **not** _compile(files):
quit()
_log("compiled")
def _log(message):
**if** options.verbose:
**print** message
def _compile(names):
compiler = toolprovider.getsystemjavacompiler()
diagnostics = diagnosticcollector()
manager = compiler.getstandardfilemanager(diagnostics, none, none)
units = manager.getjavafileobjectsfromstrings(names)
comp_task = compiler.gettask(none, manager, diagnostics, none, none, units)
success = comp_task.call()
manager.close()
**return** success
if name == '__main__':
**from** **optparse** **import** optionparser
parser = optionparser()
parser.add_option("-q", "--quiet",
action="store_false", dest="verbose", default=true,
help="don't print out task messages.")
parser.add_option("-p", "--projecthelp",
action="store_true", dest="projecthelp",
help="print out list of tasks.")
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
**if** options.projecthelp:
**for** task **in** tasks:
**print** task
sys.exit(0)
**if** len(args) < 1:
**print** "usage: jython builder.py [options] task"
sys.exit(1)
**try**:
current = tasks[args[0]]
**except** KeyError:
**print** "task *%s* not defined." % args[0]
sys.exit(1)
current()</pre>
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Hello, World");
}}
[frank@pacman chapter8]$ jython builder.py --help
Usage: builder.py [options]
Options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-q, --quiet Don't print out task messages.
-p, --projecthelp Print out list of tasks.[frank@pacman chapter8]$ jython builder.py --projecthelp
compile
clean
[frank@pacman chapter8]$ jython builder.py compile
compiling ['HelloWorld.java']
compiled
[frank@pacman chapter8]$ ls
HelloWorld.java HelloWorld.class builder.py
[frank@pacman chapter8]$ jython builder.py clean
[frank@pacman chapter8]$ ls
HelloWorld.java builder.py
[frank@pacman chapter8]$ jython builder.py --quiet compile
[frank@pacman chapter8]$ ls
HelloWorld.class HelloWorld.java builder.py
[frank@pacman chapter8]$
