Oracle 11g sql_Monitor的实时监控

在 Oracle Database 11g 中，v$session 视图增加了一些新的字段，这其中包括SQL_EXEC_START 和 SQL_EXEC_ID
这两个字段实际上代表了 Oracle 11g 的一个新特性：实时的 SQL 监视（Real Time SQL Monitoring）。

在 Oracle 11g 之前的版本，长时间运行的 SQL 可以通过监控 v$session_longops
当某个操作执行时间超过 6 秒，就会被记录在 v$session_longops 中，通常可以监控到全表扫
描、全索引扫描、哈希联接、并行查询等操作；而在 Oracle 11g 中，当 SQL 并行执行时，会
立即被实时监控到，或者当 SQL 单进程运行时，如果消耗超过 5 秒的 CPU 或 I/O 时间，它也
会被监控到。监控数据被记录在 V$SQL_MONITOR 视图中，当然也可以通过 Oracle 11g 新增
的 package DBMS_MONITOR 来主动对 SQL 执行监控部署。

idle> desc v$session;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SADDR RAW(8)
SID NUMBER
SERIAL# NUMBER
AUDSID NUMBER
PADDR RAW(8)
USER# NUMBER
USERNAME VARCHAR2(30)
COMMAND NUMBER
OWNERID NUMBER
TADDR VARCHAR2(16)
LOCKWAIT VARCHAR2(16)
STATUS VARCHAR2(8)
SERVER VARCHAR2(9)
SCHEMA# NUMBER
SCHEMANAME VARCHAR2(30)
OSUSER VARCHAR2(30)
PROCESS VARCHAR2(24)
MACHINE VARCHAR2(64)
PORT NUMBER
TERMINAL VARCHAR2(30)
PROGRAM VARCHAR2(48)
TYPE VARCHAR2(10)
SQL_ADDRESS RAW(8)
SQL_HASH_VALUE NUMBER
SQL_ID VARCHAR2(13)
SQL_CHILD_NUMBER NUMBER
SQL_EXEC_START DATE
SQL_EXEC_ID NUMBER
PREV_SQL_ADDR RAW(8)
PREV_HASH_VALUE NUMBER
PREV_SQL_ID VARCHAR2(13)
PREV_CHILD_NUMBER NUMBER
PREV_EXEC_START DATE
PREV_EXEC_ID NUMBER
PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID NUMBER
PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID NUMBER
PLSQL_OBJECT_ID NUMBER
PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID NUMBER
MODULE VARCHAR2(64)
MODULE_HASH NUMBER
ACTION VARCHAR2(64)
ACTION_HASH NUMBER
CLIENT_INFO VARCHAR2(64)
FIXED_TABLE_SEQUENCE NUMBER
ROW_WAIT_OBJ# NUMBER
ROW_WAIT_FILE# NUMBER
ROW_WAIT_BLOCK# NUMBER
ROW_WAIT_ROW# NUMBER
TOP_LEVEL_CALL# NUMBER
LOGON_TIME DATE
LAST_CALL_ET NUMBER
PDML_ENABLED VARCHAR2(3)
FAILOVER_TYPE VARCHAR2(13)
FAILOVER_METHOD VARCHAR2(10)
FAILED_OVER VARCHAR2(3)
RESOURCE_CONSUMER_GROUP VARCHAR2(32)
PDML_STATUS VARCHAR2(8)
PDDL_STATUS VARCHAR2(8)
PQ_STATUS VARCHAR2(8)
CURRENT_QUEUE_DURATION NUMBER
CLIENT_IDENTIFIER VARCHAR2(64)
BLOCKING_SESSION_STATUS VARCHAR2(11)
BLOCKING_INSTANCE NUMBER
BLOCKING_SESSION NUMBER
FINAL_BLOCKING_SESSION_STATUS VARCHAR2(11)
FINAL_BLOCKING_INSTANCE NUMBER
FINAL_BLOCKING_SESSION NUMBER
SEQ# NUMBER
EVENT# NUMBER
EVENT VARCHAR2(64)
P1TEXT VARCHAR2(64)
P1 NUMBER
P1RAW RAW(8)
P2TEXT VARCHAR2(64)
P2 NUMBER
P2RAW RAW(8)
P3TEXT VARCHAR2(64)
P3 NUMBER
P3RAW RAW(8)
WAIT_CLASS_ID NUMBER
WAIT_CLASS# NUMBER
WAIT_CLASS VARCHAR2(64)
WAIT_TIME NUMBER
SECONDS_IN_WAIT NUMBER
STATE VARCHAR2(19)
WAIT_TIME_MICRO NUMBER
TIME_REMAINING_MICRO NUMBER
TIME_SINCE_LAST_WAIT_MICRO NUMBER
SERVICE_NAME VARCHAR2(64)
SQL_TRACE VARCHAR2(8)
SQL_TRACE_WAITS VARCHAR2(5)
SQL_TRACE_BINDS VARCHAR2(5)
SQL_TRACE_PLAN_STATS VARCHAR2(10)
SESSION_EDITION_ID NUMBER
CREATOR_ADDR RAW(8)
CREATOR_SERIAL# NUMBER
ECID VARCHAR2(64)

idle> desc v$sql_monitor
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
KEY NUMBER
STATUS VARCHAR2(19)
USER# NUMBER
USERNAME VARCHAR2(30)
MODULE VARCHAR2(64)
ACTION VARCHAR2(64)
SERVICE_NAME VARCHAR2(64)
CLIENT_IDENTIFIER VARCHAR2(64)
CLIENT_INFO VARCHAR2(64)
PROGRAM VARCHAR2(48)
PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID NUMBER
PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID NUMBER
PLSQL_OBJECT_ID NUMBER
PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID NUMBER
FIRST_REFRESH_TIME DATE
LAST_REFRESH_TIME DATE
REFRESH_COUNT NUMBER
SID NUMBER
PROCESS_NAME VARCHAR2(5)
SQL_ID VARCHAR2(13)
SQL_TEXT VARCHAR2(2000)
IS_FULL_SQLTEXT VARCHAR2(1)
SQL_EXEC_START DATE
SQL_EXEC_ID NUMBER
SQL_PLAN_HASH_VALUE NUMBER
EXACT_MATCHING_SIGNATURE NUMBER
FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE NUMBER
SQL_CHILD_ADDRESS RAW(8)
SESSION_SERIAL# NUMBER
PX_IS_CROSS_INSTANCE VARCHAR2(1)
PX_MAXDOP NUMBER
PX_MAXDOP_INSTANCES NUMBER
PX_SERVERS_REQUESTED NUMBER
PX_SERVERS_ALLOCATED NUMBER
PX_SERVER# NUMBER
PX_SERVER_GROUP NUMBER
PX_SERVER_SET NUMBER
PX_QCINST_ID NUMBER
PX_QCSID NUMBER
ERROR_NUMBER VARCHAR2(40)
ERROR_FACILITY VARCHAR2(4)
ERROR_MESSAGE VARCHAR2(256)
BINDS_XML CLOB
OTHER_XML CLOB
ELAPSED_TIME NUMBER
QUEUING_TIME NUMBER
CPU_TIME NUMBER
FETCHES NUMBER
BUFFER_GETS NUMBER
DISK_READS NUMBER
DIRECT_WRITES NUMBER
IO_INTERCONNECT_BYTES NUMBER
PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS NUMBER
PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES NUMBER
PHYSICAL_WRITE_REQUESTS NUMBER
PHYSICAL_WRITE_BYTES NUMBER
APPLICATION_WAIT_TIME NUMBER
CONCURRENCY_WAIT_TIME NUMBER
CLUSTER_WAIT_TIME NUMBER
USER_IO_WAIT_TIME NUMBER
PLSQL_EXEC_TIME NUMBER
JAVA_EXEC_TIME NUMBER
RM_LAST_ACTION VARCHAR2(48)
RM_LAST_ACTION_REASON VARCHAR2(30)
RM_LAST_ACTION_TIME DATE
RM_CONSUMER_GROUP VARCHAR2(30)

V$SQL_MONITOR 收集的信息每秒刷新一次，接近实时，当 SQL 执行完毕，信息并不会
立即从 v$sql_monitor 中删除，至少会保留 1 分钟，v$sql_plan_monitor 视图中的执行计划信息
也是每秒更新一次，当 SQL 执行完结，它们同样至少被保留 1 分钟。

实时 SQL 监控需要 statistics_level 初始化参数设置为 TYPICAL 或 ALL：
idle> show parameter statistic

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
optimizer_use_pending_statistics boolean FALSE
statistics_level string TYPICAL
timed_os_statistics integer 0
timed_statistics boolean TRUE
同 CONTROL_MANAGEMENT_PACK_ACCESS 参数必须是 DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING（这是缺省设置）：
idle> show parameter control_managemen

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_management_pack_access string DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING
idle> SELECT statistics_name,session_status,system_status,activation_level,session_settable FROM v$statistics_level WHERE statistics_name = 'SQL Monitoring';

STATISTICS_NAME SESSION_ SYSTEM_S ACTIVAT SES
---------------------------------------------------------------- -------- -------- ------- ---
SQL Monitoring ENABLED ENABLED TYPICAL YES

，数据库会启动自动的实时 SQL 监控，Oracle 还提供 Hints 可以强制制定对
SQL 执行监控或者不允许执行监控，这两个 Hints 是 monitor 与 no_monitor。

select /+ monitor / count(*) from scott.emp where sal > 5000;
select /+ no_monitor / count(*) from scott.emp where sal >5000;
查看监控信息
idle> set long 10000000
idle> set longchunksize 10000000
idle> set linesize 200
idle> select /+ monitor / count(*) from scott.emp where sal > 5000;

COUNT(*)

idle> select dbms_sqltune.report_sql_monitor from dual;

REPORT_SQL_MONITOR

SQL Monitoring Report

SQL Text

select /+ monitor / count(*) from scott.emp where sal > 5000

Global Information

Status : DONE (ALL ROWS)
Instance ID : 1
Session : SYS (1:5)
SQL ID : 6jfz01hn2n1mj
SQL Execution ID : 16777216
Execution Started : 01/12/2014 10:05:04
First Refresh Time : 01/12/2014 10:05:04
Last Refresh Time : 01/12/2014 10:05:04
Duration : .046322s
Module/Action : sqlplus@eagle (TNS V1-V3)/-
Service : SYS$USERS
Program : sqlplus@eagle (TNS V1-V3)
Fetch Calls : 1

Global Stats

| Time(s) | Time(s) | Waits(s) | Waits(s) | Calls | Gets | Reqs | Bytes |

| 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 49152 |

SQL Plan Monitoring Details (Plan Hash Value=2083865914)

| | | | (Estim) | | Active(s) | Active | | (Actual) | Reqs | Bytes | (%) | (# samples) |

| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 1 | +0 | 1 | 1 | | | | |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | | 1 | +0 | 1 | 1 | | | | |

| 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | EMP | 1 | 3 | | | 1 | | 2 | 49152 | | |

对于数据库中已经捕获的 SQL，通过其 SQL_ID，使用 DBMS_SQLTUNE 程序包中的
REPORT_SQL_MONITOR 函数，我们可以生成更为直观的 SQL 报告输出，辅助分析和诊断。
通常情况下，提供 SQL_ID 等少数参数，即可生成报告，TYPE 参数用于指定报告类型，
这里可以指定生成：TEXT、HTML、XML、ACTIVE 模式的报告。ACTIVE 模式的报告最为
华丽直观。
首先可以通过查询 v$sql_monitor 获得那些被监控收集过的 SQL 信息：
idle> select sql_id from v$sql_monitor;

SQL_ID

6gvch1xu9ca3g
5zruc4v6y32f9
6jfz01hn2n1mj
53c2k4c43zcfx
SET LONG 1000000
SET LONGCHUNKSIZE 1000000
SET LINESIZE 1000
SET PAGESIZE 0
SET TRIM ON
SET TRIMSPOOL ON
SET ECHO OFF
SET FEEDBACK OFF
SELECT DBMS_SQLTUNE.report_sql_monitor(sql_id => '&sqlid', type => 'TEXT')
AS report FROM dual;
Enter value for sqlid: 5zruc4v6y32f9
old 1: SELECT DBMS_SQLTUNE.report_sql_monitor(sql_id => '&sqlid', type => 'TEXT')
new 1: SELECT DBMS_SQLTUNE.report_sql_monitor(sql_id => '5zruc4v6y32f9', type => 'TEXT')
SQL Monitoring Report

SQL Text

DECLARE job BINARY_INTEGER := :job; next_date TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE := :mydate; broken BOOLEAN := FALSE; job_name VARCHAR2(30) := :job_name; job_subname VARCHAR2(30) := :job_subname; job_owner VARCHAR2(30) := :job_owner; job_start TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE := :job_start; job_scheduled_start TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE := :job_scheduled_start; window_start TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE := :window_start; window_end TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE := :window_end; chain_id VARCHAR2(14) := :chainid;
credential_owner varchar2(30) := :credown; credential_name varchar2(30) := :crednam; destination_owner varchar2(30) := :destown; destination_name varchar2(30) := :destnam; job_dest_id varchar2(14) := :jdestid; log_id number := :log_id; BEGIN DECLARE ename VARCHAR2(30); BEGIN ename := dbms_sqltune.execute_tuning_task( 'SYS_AUTO_SQL_TUNING_TASK'); END; :mydate := next_date; IF broken THEN :b := 1; ELSE :b := 0; END IF; END;

Global Information

Status : DONE
Instance ID : 1
Session : SYS (60:21)
SQL ID : 5zruc4v6y32f9
SQL Execution ID : 16777216
Execution Started : 01/12/2014 10:11:33
First Refresh Time : 01/12/2014 10:11:43
Last Refresh Time : 01/12/2014 10:11:44
Duration : 11s
Module/Action : DBMS_SCHEDULER/ORA$AT_SQ_SQL_SW_63
Service : SYS$USERS
Program : oracle@eagle (J002)

Global Stats

| Time(s) | Time(s) | Waits(s) | Waits(s) | Time(s) | Waits(s) | Gets | Reqs | Bytes | Reqs | Bytes |

| 11 | 0.82 | 1.83 | 0.00 | 1.52 | 8.15 | 22904 | 1973 | 30MB | 8 | 224KB |

REPORT_SQL_MONITOR_LIST查看在11gR2在v$sql_monitor中的总理性能
SET LONG 1000000
SET LONGCHUNKSIZE 1000000
SET LINESIZE 1000
SET PAGESIZE 0
SET TRIM ON
SET TRIMSPOOL ON
SET ECHO OFF
SET FEEDBACK OFF

SELECT DBMS_SQLTUNE.report_sql_monitor_list(type =>'TEXT',report_level => 'ALL') AS report FROM dual;

                                                                            SQL Monitoring List
                                                                           =====================

=================================================================================================================================================================================

| Status | Duration | SQL Id | Exec Id | Start | User | Module/Action | Dop | DB Time | IOs | SQL Text |

| DONE | 5.0s | 53c2k4c43zcfx | 16777216 | 01/12/2014 | SYS | DBMS_SCHEDULER/ORA$AT_OS_OPT_S | | 12s | 417 | MERGE /*+ dynamic_sampling(ST 4) |
| | | | | 10:11:44 | | | | | | dynamic_sampling_est_cdn(ST) */ INTO|
| | | | | | | | | | | STATS_TARGET$ ST USING (SELECT STALENESS, |
| | | | | | | | | | | OSIZE, OBJ#, TYPE#, AFLAGS, STATUS, SID, |
| | | | | | | | | | | SERIAL#, PART#, BO# FROM ( SELECT /*|
| | | | | | | | | | | no_expand... |
| DONE | 11s | 5zruc4v6y32f9 | 16777216 | 01/12/2014 | SYS | DBMS_SCHEDULER/ORA$AT_SQ_SQL_S | | 10s | 1981 | DECLARE job BINARY_INTEGER := :job; |
| | | | | 10:11:33 | | | | | | next_date TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE :|
| | | | | | | | | | | :mydate; broken BOOLEAN := FALSE; job_name |
| | | | | | | | | | | VARCHAR2(30) := :job_name; job_subname |
| | | | | | | | | | | VARCHAR2(30) := :job_subname; job_owner... |
| DONE (ALL | 0.05s | 6jfz01hn2n1mj | 16777216 | 01/12/2014 | SYS | sqlplus@eagle (/- | | 0.05s | 2 | select /+ monitor / count(*) from |
| ROWS) | | | | 10:05:04 | | | | | | scott.emp where sal > 5000 |
| DONE | 19s | 6gvch1xu9ca3g | 16777216 | 01/12/2014 | SYS | | | 19s | 1373 | DECLARE job BINARY_INTEGER := :job; |
| | | | | 09:52:27 | | | | | | next_date DATE := :mydate; broken BOOLEAN := |
| | | | | | | | | | | FALSE; BEGIN |
| | | | | | | | | | | EMD_MAINTENANCE.EXECUTE_EM_DBMS_JOB_PROCS(); |
| | | | | | | | | | | :mydate := next_date; IF broken THEN :b := |

| | | | | | | | | | | 1; ELSE :b := 0; ... |

Oracle 11g sql_Monitor的实时监控

COUNT(*)

REPORT_SQL_MONITOR

SQL Text

Global Information

Global Stats

| Time(s) | Time(s) | Waits(s) | Waits(s) | Calls | Gets | Reqs | Bytes |

| 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 49152 |

SQL Plan Monitoring Details (Plan Hash Value=2083865914)

| | | | (Estim) | | Active(s) | Active | | (Actual) | Reqs | Bytes | (%) | (# samples) |

| 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | EMP | 1 | 3 | | | 1 | | 2 | 49152 | | |

SQL_ID

SQL Text

Global Information

Global Stats

| Time(s) | Time(s) | Waits(s) | Waits(s) | Time(s) | Waits(s) | Gets | Reqs | Bytes | Reqs | Bytes |

| 11 | 0.82 | 1.83 | 0.00 | 1.52 | 8.15 | 22904 | 1973 | 30MB | 8 | 224KB |

| Status | Duration | SQL Id | Exec Id | Start | User | Module/Action | Dop | DB Time | IOs | SQL Text |

| | | | | | | | | | | 1; ELSE :b := 0; ... |

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Oracle 11g sql_Monitor的实时监控

COUNT(*)

REPORT_SQL_MONITOR

SQL Text

Global Information

Global Stats

| Time(s) | Time(s) | Waits(s) | Waits(s) | Calls | Gets | Reqs | Bytes |

| 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 49152 |

SQL Plan Monitoring Details (Plan Hash Value=2083865914)

| | | | (Estim) | | Active(s) | Active | | (Actual) | Reqs | Bytes | (%) | (# samples) |

| 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | EMP | 1 | 3 | | | 1 | | 2 | 49152 | | |

SQL_ID

SQL Text

Global Information

Global Stats

| Time(s) | Time(s) | Waits(s) | Waits(s) | Time(s) | Waits(s) | Gets | Reqs | Bytes | Reqs | Bytes |

| 11 | 0.82 | 1.83 | 0.00 | 1.52 | 8.15 | 22904 | 1973 | 30MB | 8 | 224KB |

| Status | Duration | SQL Id | Exec Id | Start | User | Module/Action | Dop | DB Time | IOs | SQL Text |

| | | | | | | | | | | 1; ELSE :b := 0; ... |

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