PXE：preboot execute environment
环境实现：主服务器ip：10.0.10.1
1 tfpt
trivial简单文件共享服务，基于udp协议工作；
加载系统安装程序；
69/udp
[root@t2 ~]# yum list *tftp*
[root@t2 ~]# yum install tftp tftp-server
[root@t2 ~]# rpm -ql tftp-server
1 /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 2 /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.service 3 /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket 4 /usr/sbin/in.tftpd 5 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2 6 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/CHANGES 7 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/README 8 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/README.security 9 /usr/share/man/man8/in.tftpd.8.gz 10 /usr/share/man/man8/tftpd.8.gz 11 /var/lib/tftpboot # 默认共享路径
[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start tftp.service
2 dhcp
dynamic host configuration protocol
提供地址池（租约）；不能跨路由器；
能提供的信息包括：ip, netmask, gateway, dns server, dns search domain, nis server, lease time
C/S：
Client ：68/udp
Server：67/udp
C S C S
dhcpdiscover-->dhcppoffer-->dhcprequest-->dhcpack
注：因VM虚拟机提供dhcp服务功能，故测试不能使用自带的三种用户模式，应自建虚拟网络。
ifconfig eth1 10.0.10.1/24 up
[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install dhcp
[root@t2 ~]# rpm -ql dhcp
cp -p /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
[root@t2 ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
dhcpd.conf
[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start dhcpd.service
通过另外一台服务器配置dhcp设置网卡后，在dhcp服务器上存在租赁记录：
[root@t2 /etc/dhcp]# tail /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases
dhcpd.leases
1 lease 10.0.10.11 { 2 starts 6 2017/08/19 14:46:16; 3 ends 6 2017/08/19 14:56:16; 4 cltt 6 2017/08/19 14:46:16; 5 binding state active; 6 next binding state free; 7 rewind binding state free; 8 hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:e3:ea:af; 9 client-hostname "t3"; 10 }
3 http
[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@t2 ~]# cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf|grep IncludeOptional
#IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf
[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service
mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/Centos7
准备系统文件：
[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install syslinux
[root@t2 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@t2 ~]# cp /media/cdrom/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@t2 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/{chain.c32,mboot.c32,menu.c32,memdisk} /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@t2 ~]# mkdir -pv /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
[root@t2 ~]# cat pxelinux.cfg/default
1 default menu.c32 2 prompt 5 3 timeout 15 4 MENU TITLE Hello , luomr 5 6 LABEL linux 7 MENU LABEL Install CentOS / x86_64 8 KERNEL vmlinuz 9 APPEND initrd=initrd.img inst.repo=http://10.0.10.1/Centos7 ks=http://10.0.10.1/ks.cfg
确认文件：
[root@t2 /var/lib/tftpboot]# ls
chain.c32 mboot.c32 menu.c32 pxelinux.cfg
initrd.img memdisk pxelinux.0 vmlinuz
4 ks.cfg
注：以下为ks.cfg内容，可直接复制粘贴使用
[root@t2 ~]# cp ks.cfg /var/www/html/
1 #platform=x86, AMD64, 或 Intel EM64T 2 #version=DEVEL 3 # Install OS instead of upgrade 4 install 5 # Keyboard layouts 6 keyboard 'us' 7 # Root password 8 rootpw --plaintext 000000 9 # Use network installation 10 url --url="http://10.0.10.1/Centos7" 11 # System language 12 lang zh_CN 13 # Firewall configuration 14 firewall --disabled 15 # System authorization information 16 auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512 17 # Use graphical install 18 graphical 19 # SELinux configuration 20 selinux --disabled 21 # Do not configure the X Window System 22 skipx 23 24 # Network information 25 network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 26 # Reboot after installation 27 reboot 28 # System timezone 29 timezone Asia/Shanghai 30 # System bootloader configuration 31 bootloader --location=mbr 32 # Partition clearing information 33 clearpart --all --initlabel 34 # Disk partitioning information 35 part /boot --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=200 36 part /usr/local --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=8000 37 part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=800 38 part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --ondisk=sda --size=1 39 40 %packages 41 @development 42 @remote-system-management 43 ElectricFence 44 ant 45 babel 46 bzr 47 chrpath 48 cmake 49 cvs 50 expect 51 imake 52 ksc 53 lrzsz 54 libstdc++-docs 55 mercurial 56 nasm 57 net-tools 58 perltidy 59 rpmdevtools 60 rpmlint 61 vim 62 systemtap-sdt-devel 63 systemtap-server 64 65 %end 66 67 %post --interpreter=/bin/sh 68 #!/bin/bash 69 #by luomr 70 71 #deploy yum 72 rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo 73 cat>/etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo << EOF 74 [Centos7] 75 name=This is a local repo 76 baseurl=http://10.0.10.1/Centos7 77 enabled=1 78 gpgcheck=0 79 EOF 80 yum clean all && yum list 81 82 #network 83 systemctl restart network.service 84 85 ifconfig |grep inet|awk 'NR==1{print $2}' >/tmp/ip_local 86 ip=`cat /tmp/ip_local` 87 #nwn : network name 88 nwn=`ifconfig |grep eno|awk -F: '{print $1}'` 89 path_n=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-"$nwn" 90 91 92 sed -i 's/BOOTPROTO=dhcp/BOOTPROTO=static/g' $path_n 93 cat>>$path_n <<EOF 94 IPADDR=$ip 95 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 96 EOF 97 98 ifdown $nwn && ifup $nwn 99 100 %end
配置完毕，测试，本人实操成功！
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