mysql/mongodb对比
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CREATE TABLE USERS (a Number, b Number)
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Implicit or use MongoDB::createCollection().
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INSERT INTO USERS VALUES(1,1)
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$db->users->insert(array("a" => 1, "b" => 1));
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SELECT a,b FROM users
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$db->users->find(array(), array("a" => 1, "b" => 1));
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SELECT * FROM users WHERE age=33
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$db->users->find(array("age" => 33));
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SELECT a,b FROM users WHERE age=33
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$db->users->find(array("age" => 33), array("a" => 1, "b" => 1));
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SELECT a,b FROM users WHERE age=33
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$db->users->find(array("age" => 33), array("a" => 1, "b" => 1));
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SELECT a,b FROM users WHERE age=33 ORDER BY name
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$db->users->find(array("age" => 33), array("a" => 1, "b" => 1))->sort(array("name" => 1));
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SELECT * FROM users WHERE age>33
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$db->users->find(array("age" => array('$gt' => 33)));
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SELECT * FROM users WHERE age<33
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$db->users->find(array("age" => array('$lt' => 33)));
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SELECT * FROM users WHERE name LIKE "%Joe%"
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$db->users->find(array("name" => new MongoRegex("/Joe/")));
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SELECT * FROM users WHERE name LIKE "Joe%"
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$db->users->find(array("name" => new MongoRegex("/^Joe/")));
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SELECT * FROM users WHERE age>33 AND age<=40
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$db->users->find(array("age" => array('$gt' => 33, '$lte' => 40)));
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SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY name DESC
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$db->users->find()->sort(array("name" => -1));
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CREATE INDEX myindexname ON users(name)
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$db->users->ensureIndex(array("name" => 1));
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CREATE INDEX myindexname ON users(name,ts DESC)
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$db->users->ensureIndex(array("name" => 1, "ts" => -1));
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SELECT * FROM users WHERE a=1 and b='q'
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$db->users->find(array("a" => 1, "b" => "q"));
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SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 10 SKIP 20
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$db->users->find()->limit(10)->skip(20);
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SELECT * FROM users WHERE a=1 or b=2
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$db->users->find(array('$or' => array(array("a" => 1), array("b" => 2))));
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SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 1
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$db->users->find()->limit(1);
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EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM users WHERE z=3
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$db->users->find(array("z" => 3))->explain()
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SELECT DISTINCT last_name FROM users
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$db->command(array("distinct" => "users", "key" => "last_name"));
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SELECT COUNT(*y) FROM users
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$db->users->count();
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SELECT COUNT(*y) FROM users where AGE > 30
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$db->users->find(array("age" => array('$gt' => 30)))->count();
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SELECT COUNT(AGE) from users
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$db->users->find(array("age" => array('$exists' => true)))->count();
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UPDATE users SET a=1 WHERE b='q'
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$db->users->update(array("b" => "q"), array('$set' => array("a" => 1)));
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UPDATE users SET a=a+2 WHERE b='q'
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$db->users->update(array("b" => "q"), array('$inc => array("a" => 2)));
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DELETE FROM users WHERE z="abc"
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$db->users->remove(array("z" => "abc"));
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sc.exe create MongoDB30 binPath= "d:\mongodb30\bin\mongod.exe -auth --logpath D:\mongodb\log\MongoDB.log --logappend --dbpath d:\mongodb\data --service " DisplayName= "MongoDB30" start= "auto"
//select * from test where name='joe'
db.test.find({"name":"joe"})
//不区分大小写的查询
db.test.find({"name":{"$regex":"WILLIAM","$options":"i"}})
//select * from test where name='joe' limit 20
db.test.find({"name":"joe"}).limit(20)
//类似mysql select * from test where name='joe' limit 20,20
db.test.find({"name":"joe"}).limit(20).skip(20)
//select * from test where name like '%william%' 不含有
- db.test.find({"name":/.*william.*/i})
- //不含有
- db.test.find({"name":{$not:/.*william.*/i}})
//建立索引在字段name上，1(ascending),-1(descending)
db.test.ensureIndex({"name":1})
//去掉字段email,
//alter table test drop email
//multi:true 参数可省略，省略的意思是只删除第一行的email字段，multi:true代表删除全部行的email字段
db.test.update({},{$unset:{"email":""}},{multi:true})
//查看表索引
//show index from test
db.test.getIndexes()
//修改collections名
db.test.renameCollection("newtablename")
//导出数据
//mysqldump -u test dbname tablename -p > "c:/db.sql"
mongoexport -d dbname -c tablename -u test -p -o "c:/db.json"
//导出csv格式
mongoexport -d dbname -c tablename -u test -p test -f "fieldname" -csv -o "c:/db.csv"
//往数据表news中导入数据,用户名为test
//mysql -u test -D test -p < "c:/db.sql"
mongoimport -d test -c news -u test -p password "c:/db.json"
//找出name="joe"的记录中，该行是否含有atta.b这个字段
db.test.find({"name":"joe","atta.b":{$exists:true}}).count()
//找出name="joe"并且atta.b = "bbb"的记录
db.test.find({"name":"joe","atta.b":"bbb"}
//删除name='williamf'这条记录中的Email项为"aa@qq.com"的数值
db.test.update({"name":"william"},{"$pull":{"email":"aa@qq.com"}})
//位置更新
//找到sn等于1的这条记录，找到stock.fnfp.pn等于"aa"这个位置，加入数据："price":"555"
//前提是stock.fnfp为array类型
db.test.update({"sn" : "1","stock.fnfp.pn":"aa"} , {$push : { "stock.$.fnfp": {"price":"555"}}})
//往name="joe"的这些记录里添加内容atta.d = "ddd"
//前提是atta为array类型
db.test.update({"name":"joe"},{$push:{"atta":{"d":"ddd"}}})
//update test set email='a.163.com' where name='joe'
db.test.update({"name":"joe"},{$set:{"email":"a.163.com"}})
//查询所有name字段是字符类型的
db.test.find({name: {$type: 2}})
//查询所有age字段是整型的
db.test.find({age: {$type: 16}})
//查询以字母b或者B带头的所有记录
db.users.find({name: /^b.*/i})
//查询 age > 18 的记录，以下查询都一样
db.users.find({age: {$gt: 18}})
db.users.find({$where: "this.age > 18"})
db.users.find("this.age > 18")
f = function() {return this.age > 18} db.users.find(f)
//返回3条记录并打印信息
db.users.find().limit(3).forEach(function(user) {print('my age is ' + user.age)})
结果
my age is 18
my age is 19
my age is 20
//复制news表数据到另一个表news_bak
//前提是news_bak为空表，或者两个表的_id不重复
db.news.find().forEach(function(x){db.news_bak.insert(x)})
//显示你所有当前正在运行操作
db.currentOp()
//可以用来杀掉长查询
db.killOp(opid)
//显示你整个服务器的状态，对监控非常有用
db.serverStatus()
//显示你选中库的状态
db.stats()
//特定集的状态
db.collection.stats()
//查看collection数据的大小
db.collection.dataSize()
//查询所有索引的大小
db.collection.totalIndexSize()
// 修改密码
db.changeUserPassword("reporting", "SOh3TbYhxuLiW8ypJPxmt1oOfL")
//删除字段中的某个值，该字段必须为array
{
"name":"joe"
"email":
[
"aaa@163.com",
{"qqemail": "aa@qq.com"}
]
}
db.test.update({"name":"joe"},{$pull:{"email":"aaa@163.com"}})
或者：
db.test.update({"name":"joe"},{$pull:{"email":{"qqemail":"aa@qq.com"}}})
upsert
db.post.update({count:100},{"$inc":{count:10}},true)
在找不到count=100这条记录的时候，自动插入一条count=100，然后再加10，最后得到一条 count=110的记录
//备份数据库dbname,bin下生成一个dbname.bak/dbname的目录
mongodump -h 127.0.0.1 -d dbname -u username -p -o d:/dbname.bak
//还原数据库dbname
mongorestore -h 127.0.0.1 -d dbname -u username -p password dbname.bak/dbname
//删除复杂的嵌套文档
db.test.find()
{
"_id":ObjectId("52428f5d5ab08c5e801f7209"),
"price":[
{"digk":{"nt1":1,"nt2":2}},
{"avn":{"nt1":22,"nt2":23}}
],
"sn":1
}
用javascript来执行mongodb
//删除字段price下的avn
方法一：
db.test.update({"sn":1},{$pop:{"price":0}})
移除price数组下的第0项
缺陷必须知道avn在price中的位置
方法三:
db.test.update({"sn":1},{$pull:{"price":{"avn":{"nt1":22,"nt2":23}}}})
缺陷必须知道price中的avn的
方法二：
var cursor=db.test.find();
while(cursor.hasNext()){
var y=cursor.next();
for(var i=0;i<y.price.length;i++){
delete y.price[i].avn;
}
db.test.save(y);
}
//给现有collections新增自增ID，字段名：sn
var cursor=db.test.find();
var i = 1;
while(cursor.hasNext()){
var y=cursor.next();
var _id = y._id;
db.test.update({"_id":_id},{$set:{"sn":i}});
i++;
}
// demo 存入如下文档
db.test.save({"sn":1,
"contact":
{
"China":[
{"city":"beijing","email":"a@163.com","tel":"010-6666"},
{"city":"shanghai","email":"b@263.com","tel":"021-8888"},
{"city":"shenzhen","email":"c@sohu.com","tel":"0755-9999"}
],
"United-States":[
{"city":"Newyork","email":"a@163.com","tel":"010-6666"},
{"city":"Washington","email":"a@163.com","tel":"010-6666"}
]
}
})
db.test.save({"sn":2,
"contact":
{
"Japan":[
{"city":"tokyo","email":"a@163.com","tel":"010-6666"},
{"city":"Osaka","email":"b@263.com","tel":"021-8888"},
{"city":"Hokkaido","email":"c@sohu.com","tel":"0755-9999"}
],
"Canada":[
{"city":"Vancouver","email":"a@163.com","tel":"010-6666"},
{"city":"Ottawa","email":"a@163.com","tel":"010-6666"}
]
}
})
--删除China下,city为shenzhen的一组数据
var cursor = db.test.find({"sn":1});
while(cursor.hasNext()){
var y = cursor.next();
for(var i =0;i < y.contact.China.length;i++){
if(y.contact.China[i].city == 'shenzhen'){
delete y.contact.China[i];
}
}
db.test.save(y);
}
--将China下city为beijing 的，city改为guangzhou
db.test.update({"sn":1,"contact.China.city":"beijing"},{$set:{"contact.China.$.city":"guangzhou"}})
--重命名collections ,将usersinfo 重命名为users
db.usersinfo.renameCollection("users")
// 释放内存
db.runCommand({closeAllDatabases:1}) //mongodb3.0之后官方放弃了这个功能
//mongodb 启动设置Mongodb运行内存大小，使之不能无限期吃内存
wireTigerCacheSizeGB=n //n为多少GB
//切割释放日志
db.runCommand({logRotate:1}) //windows
kill -SIGUSR1 pid //Linux下，pid是mongodb的进程号
//建唯一索引
db.person.ensureIndex({firstname:1, lastname: 1},{unique: true});
//查看索引
db.data.getIndexes()
mongorestore -d parts -directoryperdb d:\databackup\parts\
//使用存储过程
db.system.js.save({_id:"addNumbers",value:function(x,y){return x+y;}})
//查看存储过程
db.system.js.find()
//执行存储过程
db.eval("addNumbers(3,9);");
如果出现验证错误，那么需要对该登录用户进行角色授权：
1、建立sysadmin角色，
use admin
db.createRole({role:'sysadmin',roles:[],privileges:[{resource:{anyResource:true},actions:'anyAction']}]})
2、授权
use test
db.grantRolesToUser("test",[{role:'sysadmin',db:'admin'}])
key:[{'id':123,'value':11},{'id':124,'value':12}]
查询匹配key里id与value皆匹配：find({'key':{$elemMatch:{"id":123,"value":12}}})可以做到返回不出结果。
