好久没有练习算法了,以此纪研究生以来第一次练习算法题。
原题链接:https://leetcode.com/problems/find-k-closest-elements/description/
题目描述:大概意思是给定一个数组[1,2,3,4,5]和两个常数k,x然后在数组中找到与x最近的的k个元素,找到后的元素依旧按照升序排列。
Given a sorted array, two integers k
and x
, find the k
closest elements to x
in the array. The result should also be sorted in ascending order. If there is a tie, the smaller elements are always preferred.
Example 1:
Input: [1,2,3,4,5], k=4, x=3
Output: [1,2,3,4]
Example 2:
Input: [1,2,3,4,5], k=4, x=-1
Output: [1,2,3,4]
Note:
The value k is positive and will always be smaller than the length of the sorted array.
Length of the given array is positive and will not exceed 10_4
Absolute value of elements in the array and x will not exceed 10_4
由于看题疏忽,没有看到给予的是排好序的数组,程序写的是排不排序都可以,因此第一次提交的程序着实运行的有些慢,在自己编译器中是可以编译通过的,但是提交上去被提示数组越界:
class Solution {
public:
vector<int> findClosestElements(vector<int>& arr, int k, int x) {
int temp = 0;
vector<int> big(arr.size());
int distance = 0;
big[0] = arr[0];
for(int i = 1; i < arr.size(); i ++)
{
if(abs(arr[i] - x) >= abs(big[i-1] - x))
big[i] = arr[i];
else
{
for(int j = i;j > 0;j --)
{
if(abs(arr[i]-x) < abs(big[j-1]- x))
{
temp = big[j-1];
big[j-1] = arr[i];
big[j] = temp;
}
}
}
}
sort(big.begin(),big.end()+k);
vector<int> result(big.begin(),big.begin()+k);
return result;
}
};
于是乎,将程序改成:
class Solution {
public:
vector<int> findClosestElements(vector<int>& arr, int k, int x) {
int temp = 0;
vector<int> big(arr.size());
int distance = 0;
big.at(0) = arr.at(0);
for(int i = 1; i < arr.size(); i ++)
{
if(abs(arr.at(i) - x) >= abs(big.at(i-1) - x))
big.at(i) = arr.at(i);
else
{
for(int j = i;j > 0;j --)
{
if(abs(arr.at(i)-x) < abs(big.at(j-1)-x))
{
temp = big.at(j-1);
big.at(j-1) = arr.at(i);
big.at(j) = temp;
}
}
}
}
sort(big.begin(),big.begin()+k);
vector<int> result(big.begin(),big.begin()+k);
return result;
}
};
继续提交,由于使用了at操作符,对数组越界进行了检查,导致程序运行速度更慢,直接的结果是提示Status: Time Limit Exceeded
好吧,时间超时了,看来这个平台不仅注重时间复杂度和空间复杂度,连安全性也一并注重。
上述程序的复杂度应该是 O(n2),确实很慢呀。
于是乎,对程序进行修改:
vector<int> findClosestElements(vector<int>& arr, int k, int x) {
int left = 0;
int right = arr.size()-k;
while(left<right){
int mid = left+(right-left)/2;
if(x-arr[mid]>arr[mid+k]-x){
left = mid+1;
}else{
right = mid;
}
}
vector<int> result(arr.begin()+left, arr.begin()+left+k);
return result;
}
这次时间复杂度为O(logn+k)