1. 在以rman target sys/password@test，连接rman时，此时必须lsnrctl start在数据库实例被mount时先启动，否则会报
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00554: initialization of internal recovery manager package failed
RMAN-04005: error from target database:
ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor
2. 解决方法：卸载数据库shutdown immediate；再次reload监听lsnrctl reload；重新装载数据库：startup mount；
