环境说明:
版本 version 5.6.25-log
主1库ip: 10.219.24.25
主2库ip:10.219.24.22
os 版本: centos 6.7
已安装热备软件:xtrabackup
防火墙已关
补充:
主从复制原理: http://blog.csdn.net/zhang123456456/article/details/72972701
mysql 5.6安装 :http://blog.csdn.net/zhang123456456/article/details/53608554
xtrabackup 安装: http://blog.csdn.net/zhang123456456/article/details/72836184
全程:先搭建一主一从,然后反过来搭建,就是双主复制:
先一主一从搭建:
1、 主库参数调整
-- 停止主库mysql
[root@mysql02 ~]# service mysql stop
[root@mysql02 ~]# netstat -nltp|grep mysql|grep 3606
-- 主库创建relay log目录
[root@mysql02 full]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/relaylog/
[root@mysql02 full]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/relaylog
-- 调整 my.cnf 参数
[root@mysql02 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[client]
password = oracle
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
server-id=25
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
character_set_server = utf8
character_set_client = utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
lower_case_table_names = 1
max_connections = 1000
datadir = /data/mysql
log_bin = /data/mysql/binarylog/binlog
log_bin_index = /data/mysql/binarylog/binlog
relay-log = /data/mysql/relaylog/relay
relay-log-index = /data/mysql/relaylog/relay
relay_log_purge = on
binlog_format = mixed
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend
auto_increment_increment = 10
auto_increment_offset = 1
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
说明:
a、主库必须配置的参数
server-id (主从的server-id必须不同)、log_bin、binlog_format、relay-log、relay-log-index、relay_log_purge
auto-increment-offset、auto-increment-increment
b、log-slave-updates 意思是,中继日志执行之后,这些变化是否需要计入自己的binarylog。 当你的B服务器需要作为另外一个服务器的主服务器的时候需要打开。 就是双主互相备份,或者多主循环备份。 我们这里需要, 所以打开。
c、auto-increment-offset、auto-increment-increment 两个参数用于在 双主(多主循环)互相备份。 因为每台数据库服务器都可能在同一个表中插入数据,如果表有一个自动增长的主键,那么就会在多服务器上出现主键冲突。 解决这个问题的办法就是让每个数据库的自增主键不连续。 上图说是, 我假设需要将来可能需要10台服务器做备份, 所以auto-increment-increment 设为10. 而 auto-increment-offset=1 表示这台服务器的序号。 从1开始, 不超过auto-increment-increment。这样做之后, 我在这台服务器上插入的第一个id就是 1, 第二行的id就是 11了, 而不是2.(同理,在第二台服务器上插入的第一个id就是2, 第二行就是12, 这个后面再介绍) 这样就不会出现主键冲突了。 后面我们会演示这个id的效果。
-- 启动主库
[root@mysql02 ~]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
2、 从库参数调整
-- 停止从库mysql
[root@mysql01 ~]# service mysql stop
[root@mysql01 ~]# netstat -nltp|grep mysql|grep 3606
-- 调整 my.cnf 参数
[root@mysql01 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[client]
password = oracle
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
server-id=22
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
character_set_server = utf8
character_set_client = utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
lower_case_table_names = 1
max_connections = 1000
datadir = /data/mysql
log_bin = /data/mysql/binarylog/binlog
log_bin_index = /data/mysql/binarylog/binlog
relay-log = /data/mysql/relaylog/relay
relay-log-index = /data/mysql/relaylog/relay
relay_log_purge = on
auto_increment_increment = 10
auto_increment_offset = 2
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
说明:从库必须配置的参数
server-id、log_bin、relay-log、relay_log_purge、auto-increment-offset、auto-increment-increment、
3、 主库备份
-- 主库备份目录
[root@mysql02 full]# pwd
/xtrabackup/full
-- 主库 innobackupex 备份
[root@mysql02 ~]# innobackupex --user=root --password=oracle --port=3606 /xtrabackup/full/
170610 17:50:23 Backup created in directory '/xtrabackup/full/2017-06-10_17-50-19/'
MySQL binlog position: filename 'binlog.000010', position '120'
....
170610 17:50:23 completed OK!
-- 查看备份 binlog编号 与 截止 position
[root@mysql02 2017-06-10_17-50-19]# cat xtrabackup_binlog_info
binlog.000010 120
4、 从库创建与主库相同的备份目录
[root@mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /xtrabackup/full
[root@mysql01 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /xtrabackup/full/
5、 主库将备份 scp 到从库
[root@mysql02 full]# pwd
/xtrabackup/full
[root@mysql02 full]# scp -r 2017-06-10_17-50-19 10.219.24.22:/xtrabackup/full
6、 从库查看scp过来的备份
[root@mysql01 ~]# cd /xtrabackup/full/2017-06-10_17-50-19/
[root@mysql01 2017-06-10_17-50-19]# ll
total 12320
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 419 Jun 10 18:01 backup-my.cnf
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 12582912 Jun 10 18:01 ibdata1
drwxr-x---. 2 root root 4096 Jun 10 18:01 mysql
drwxr-x---. 2 root root 4096 Jun 10 18:01 performance_schema
drwxr-x---. 2 root root 4096 Jun 10 18:01 test
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 18 Jun 10 18:01 xtrabackup_binlog_info
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 113 Jun 10 18:01 xtrabackup_checkpoints
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 482 Jun 10 18:01 xtrabackup_info
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 2560 Jun 10 18:01 xtrabackup_logfile
7、 主库创建同步用户
mysql> GRANT replication slave ON *.* TO 'slave25'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'oracle';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
8、 从库恢复主库数据
-- 从库将原有datadir文件夹重命名到新位置,并创建原文件夹
[root@mysql01 ~]# mv /data/mysql /data/mysqlbak
[root@mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
-- innobackupex apply-log
[root@mysql01 ~]# innobackupex --apply-log --user=oracle \
--password=oracle --port=3606 /xtrabackup/full/2017-06-10_17-50-19/
-- innobackupex copy 恢复的文件到原来的数据位置
[root@mysql01 mysql]# innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root \
--copy-back /xtrabackup/full/2017-06-10_17-50-19/
170610 18:25:11 completed OK!
-- 创建binlog目录与 relaylog 目录并赋权
[root@mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/binarylog
[root@mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/relaylog/
[root@mysql01 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
9、 从库配置与检测
-- 从库启动
[root@mysql01 mysql]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
-- 从库指定与主库同步的基本信息
mysql>
change master to
master_host='10.219.24.25',
master_port=3306,
master_user='slave25',
master_password='oracle',
master_log_file='binlog.000010',
master_log_pos=120;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)
参数解释:
MASTER_HOST : 设置要连接的主服务器的ip地址
MASTER_USER : 设置要连接的主服务器的用户名
MASTER_PASSWORD : 设置要连接的主服务器的密码
MASTER_LOG_FILE : 设置要连接的主服务器的bin日志的日志名称
MASTER_LOG_POS : 设置要连接的主服务器的bin日志的记录位置
-- 启动slave 状态(开始监听msater的变化)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
-- 查看slave的状态.
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.219.24.25 #主库 IP
Master_User: slave25 # 主库复制的用户
Master_Port: 3306 # 主库 mysqld
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: binlog.000010 #io_thread 读取主库 master_log_file
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 717 # io_thread 读取主库 master_log_pos
Relay_Log_File: relay.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 877
Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000010 #sql_thread 执行主库的 master_log_file
Slave_IO_Running: Yes # 关键的,io_thread 是否 running
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes # 关键的,sql_thread 是否 running
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 717 #sql_thread 执行主库的 master_log_pos
Relay_Log_Space: 1040
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 # 从库 的延迟
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 25
Master_UUID: 29d68531-4cf9-11e7-8e1f-000c297c4100
Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
10、 主从同步检查
-- 主库
mysql> create database repl;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use repl
Database changed
mysql> create table repl (id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into repl values(1);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
-- 从库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| binarylog |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| relaylog |
| repl |
| test |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use repl
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select * from repl;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) >一主一从同步成功!
##################################################
#至此A到B的复制已经配置完成,下面配置从B到A的复制。#
##################################################
声明> 下面操作中 新主库即为原从库(10.219.24.22) 新从库为原主库(10.219.24.25)
11、 新主库创建同步用户
mysql> GRANT replication slave ON *.* TO 'slave22'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'oracle';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
12、 新主库查看 binlog 文件号与 position 点
mysql> show master status;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| binlog.000004 | 313 | | | |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
13、 新从库指定与主库同步的基本信息
mysql>
change master to
master_host='10.219.24.22',
master_port=3306,
master_user='slave22',
master_password='oracle',
master_log_file='binlog.000004',
master_log_pos=313;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)
14、新从库打开 slave 复制功能
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
15、 新从库检测同步复制状态
mysql> show slave status \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.219.24.22
Master_User: slave22
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: binlog.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 313
Relay_Log_File: relay.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 280
Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 313
Relay_Log_Space: 443
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 22
Master_UUID: 70023652-4dc7-11e7-9360-000c2944297a
Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
-- 新从库测试数据同步状态
mysql> create database mm_repl;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mm_repl;
Database changed
mysql> create table mm_repl(id int auto_increment,name varchar(10), primary key(id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into mm_repl(name) values("andy"),("taoYe");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from mm_repl;
+----+-------+
| id | name |
+----+-------+
| 1 | andy |
| 11 | taoYe |
+----+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-- 新主库测试数据同步状态
mysql> select * from mm_repl;
+----+-------+
| id | name |
+----+-------+
| 1 | andy |
| 11 | taoYe |
+----+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into mm_repl(name) values("andy"),("taoYe");
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from mm_repl;
+----+-------+
| id | name |
+----+-------+
| 1 | andy |
| 11 | taoYe |
| 12 | andy |
| 22 | taoYe |
+----+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-- 新从库检查同步复制
mysql> select * from mm_repl;
+----+-------+
| id | name |
+----+-------+
| 1 | andy |
| 11 | taoYe |
| 12 | andy |
| 22 | taoYe |
+----+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec) >主主同步测试成功
本文转自 张冲andy 博客园博客,原文链接: http://www.cnblogs.com/andy6/p/6980251.html ,如需转载请自行联系原作者