做MySQL读写分离实验之前，先要搭建MySQL主从复制，可以参考我之前的两篇文章：
MySQL主从配置：http://msiyuetian.blog.51cto.com/8637744/1697288
部署搭建分层次LAMP架构（最后一章节）：http://msiyuetian.blog.51cto.com/8637744/1740236
实现了主从复制后，下面我们进行读写分离的安装与配置。环境说明：
Linux发行版本：centos 6.7 x86_64 （三台）
| Hostname |
IP | 备注 |
| mysql-master |
192.168.0.109 | 主MySQL |
| mysql-slaver | 192.168.0.110 | 从MySQL |
| mysql-proxy | 192.168.0.104 | 调度服务器 |
以下所有操若未特殊说明，都是在 mysql-proxy 机器上操作。
1、安装所需软件包
由于mysql-proxy实际上并不需要在本机上运行MySQL实例，所以这里用yum安装
[root@proxy ~]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ autoconf mysql-devel libtool pkgconfig ncurses ncurses-devel
2、安装libevent-2.0.22
[root@proxy ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@proxy src]# wget https://github.com/libevent/libevent/releases/download/release-2.0.22-stable/libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz
[root@proxy src]# tar xvf libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz
[root@proxy src]# cd libevent-2.0.22-stable
[root@proxy libevent-2.0.22-stable]# ./configure
[root@proxy libevent-2.0.22-stable]# make
[root@proxy libevent-2.0.22-stable]# make install
3、安装glib-2.20.4
[root@proxy src]# wget http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/glib/2.20/glib-2.20.4.tar.gz
[root@proxy src]# tar xvf glib-2.20.4.tar.gz
[root@proxy src]# cd glib-2.20.4
[root@proxy glib-2.20.4]# ./configure
[root@proxy glib-2.20.4]# make
[root@proxy glib-2.20.4]# make install
4、安装readline-6.1
[root@proxy src]# wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/readline/readline-6.1.tar.gz
[root@proxy src]# tar xvf readline-6.1.tar.gz
[root@proxy src]# cd readline-6.1
[root@proxy readline-6.1]# ./configure
[root@proxy readline-6.1]# make
[root@proxy readline-6.1]# make install
[root@proxy readline-6.1]# ldconfig -v //让动态链接库为系统所共享
5、安装 lua-5.1.4
[root@proxy src]# wget http://www.lua.org/ftp/lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
[root@proxy src]# tar xvf lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
[root@proxy src]# cd lua-5.1.4
[root@proxy lua-5.1.4]# vim src/Makefile //64位系统需加上 -fPIC
CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall -fPIC $(MYCFLAGS)
[root@proxy lua-5.1.4]# make linux
[root@proxy lua-5.1.4]# make install
验证是否安装成功
[root@proxy lua-5.1.4]# /usr/local/lua/bin/lua
Lua 5.1.4 Copyright (C) 1994-2008 Lua.org, PUC-Rio
>
6、更改环境变量
[root@proxy lua-5.1.4]# cp etc/lua.pc /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/
[root@proxy lua-5.1.4]# export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
若版本为5.2以上则通过下面方式修改变量：
[root@proxy lua-5.2.3]# vim /etc/profile //添加如下
export LUA_CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/lua/include" export LUA_LIBS="-L/usr/local/lua/lib-llua -ldl" export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/libevent/lib -lm" export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/libevent/include" export CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/libevent/include" |
[root@proxy lua-5.2.3]# source /etc/profile
7、安装 mysql-proxy
[root@proxy src]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.4.tar.gz
[root@proxy src]# tar xvf mysql-proxy-0.8.4.tar.gz
[root@proxy src]# cd mysql-proxy-0.8.4
[root@proxy mysql-proxy-0.8.4]# ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/mysql-proxy
[root@proxy mysql-proxy-0.8.4]# make
[root@proxy mysql-proxy-0.8.4]# make install
[root@proxy mysql-proxy-0.8.4]# cp lib/rw-splitting.lua /usr/local/lib/
[root@proxy mysql-proxy-0.8.4]# cp lib/admin.lua /usr/local/lib/
8、新建配置文件
[root@proxy src]# vim /etc/mysql-proxy.cnf
[mysql-proxy] admin-username = root admin-password = 123456 admin-lua-script = /usr/local/lib/admin.lua proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 192.168.0.110 proxy-backend-addresses = 192.168.0.109 proxy-lua-script = /usr/local/lib/rw-splitting.lua log-file = /var/log/mysql-proxy.log log-level = debug daemon = true keepalive = true |
[root@proxy src]# chmod 660 /etc/mysql-proxy.cnf
说明：
admin-username ：指定登入的用户名
admin-password ：指定登入的密码 admin-lua-script ：指定由admin插件执行的脚本 proxy-address = <ip:port> ：mysql-proxy服务端的监听端口，默认是4040，建议改成3306 proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = <ip:port> ：指定只读slave的地址和端口，若有多个slave，以逗号分隔 proxy-backend-addresses = <ip:port> ：指定远程master的地址和端口，若不指定默认是127.0.0.1:3306 proxy-lua-script ：指定一个Lua脚本来控制mysql-proxy的运行和配置 defaults-file ：指定mysql-proxy配置文件 log-file ：指定日志文件 log-level ：指定日志级别 daemon = true ：指定mysql-proxy以守护进程方式运行 keepalive = true ：开启该功能修正以前mysql-proxy容易死掉的bug |
9、给用户授权
在主MySQL执行：
| mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'proxyuser'@'192.168.0.104' identified by '123456' with grant option; |
在从MySQL执行：
| mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'proxyuser'@'192.168.0.104' identified by '123456' with grant option; |
10、编辑读写分离脚本
[root@proxy src]# vim /usr/local/lib/rw-splitting.lua
找到： min_idle_connections = 4, max_idle_connections = 8, 改为： min_idle_connections = 1, max_idle_connections = 2, |
说明：修改默认连接，进行快速测试，不修改的话要达到连接数为4时才启用读写分离。
11、启动mysql-proxy
[root@proxy src]# /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy -P 192.168.0.104:3306 --defaults-file=/etc/mysql-proxy.cnf
12、测试读写分离
[root@proxy src]# netstat -lnp //查看已启动 mysql-proxy 服务
[root@proxy src]# tail /var/log/mysql-proxy.log //查看日志文件，如下表示成功
2016-04-14 22:32:11: (message) chassis-unix-daemon.c:136: [angel] we try to keep PID=56545 alive 2016-04-14 22:32:11: (debug) chassis-unix-daemon.c:157: waiting for 56545 2016-04-14 22:32:11: (debug) chassis-unix-daemon.c:121: we are the child: 56545 2016-04-14 22:32:11: (critical) plugin proxy 0.8.4 started 2016-04-14 22:32:11: (debug) max open file-descriptors = 1024 2016-04-14 22:32:11: (message) proxy listening on port 192.168.0.104:3306 2016-04-14 22:32:11: (message) added read/write backend: 192.168.0.109 2016-04-14 22:32:11: (message) added read-only backend: 192.168.0.110 |
注意：MySQL Proxy服务启动后，我们可以看到网站页面全是乱码，所以要将主从数据库的配置文件都要加上如下代码以避免这个问题
# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld] skip-character-set-client-handshake init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8' default-character-set = utf8 |
