之前部署heartbeat都是使用单播的方式进行配置，但是网上也有传多播比较稳定的说法，这里先不去管那种方式更有效，先来实验一下多播的配置。
多播的配置只需要修改ha.cf中的几个参数，下面是多播的配置：
debugfile /var/log/ha-debug
logfile /var/log/ha-log
logfacility local1
keepalive 2
deadtime 30
warntime 10
initdead 60
udpport 694
mcast eth1 225.0.0.1 694 1 0
auto_failback on
node heartbeat01.contoso.com
node heartbeat02.contoso.com
respawn hacluster /usr/lib64/heartbeat/ipfail
作为比较，下面是之前单播的配置：
debugfile /var/log/ha-debug
logfile /var/log/ha-log
logfacility local1
keepalive 2
deadtime 30
warntime 10
initdead 60
ucast eth1 172.16.49.133
auto_failback on
node heartbeat01.contoso.com
node heartbeat02.contoso.com
ping 172.16.49.1
respawn hacluster /usr/lib64/heartbeat/ipfail
区别：
1）多播两个节点的ha.cf文件内容是一模一样的。
2）单播两个节点的ha.cf文件中只有ucast的地址不一样（对端IP地址）。
3）单播不能指定udpport，不然会报错，而多播要指定udpport。
4）如果环境中有多个heartbeat集群，则集群中多播的地址不能一模一样，容易出现问题；单播不受集群数量的限制，每个集群中的单个节点只需要指定对端的IP地址即可。
下面是一个安装heartbeat的shell脚本（仅供参考）：
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#!/bin/bash
##############################################
#Description:This script is used to install
#hearbeat on CentOS 6.x.
#Usage: run the script, and it will ask you
#to input some information about the heartbeat
#nodes.
#Author: Jerry Zhao QQ:1217406852
#Date: 2016-09-23 14:43:40 Friday
##############################################
stop_iptables(){
/etc/init
.d
/iptables
status >
/dev/null
2>&1
if
[ $? -
eq
0 ];
then
/etc/init
.d
/iptables
stop >
/dev/null
chkconfig iptables off >
/dev/null
echo
"Stop iptables successful."
else
echo
"Iptables firewall was stopped."
fi
selinux_status=`getenforce`
if
[
"$selinux_status"
!=
"Disabled"
];
then
sed
-i
'/^SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/'
/etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0 2>
/dev/null
echo
"Disable selinux successful."
else
echo
"SELinux was disabled."
fi
}
time_sync(){
crond_num=`
crontab
-l|
grep
ntpdate|
wc
-l`
if
[ $crond_num -
ge
1 ];
then
echo
"Already added crond job for time sync."
else
echo
'0 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 210.72.145.44 64.147.116.229 time.nist.gov'
>>
/var/spool/cron/root
grep
ntpdate
/var/spool/cron/root
>
/dev/null
[ $? -
ne
0 ] &&
echo
"Add crond job for time sync failed."
&&
exit
1 ||
echo
"Add crond job for time sync successful."
fi
}
set_hostname(){
sed
-i
'/^HOSTNAME/s/^/#/'
/etc/sysconfig/network
sed
-i
"/#HOSTNAME/aHOSTNAME=$NodeHostName1"
/etc/sysconfig/network
sed
-i
'/^#HOSTNAME/d'
/etc/sysconfig/network
hostname
"$NodeHostName1"
Uname=`
uname
-n`
if
[
"$NodeHostName1"
==
"$Uname"
];
then
echo
"Change hostname successful."
break
;
else
echo
"Change hostname failed."
break
;
fi
}
change_hosts(){
cp
/etc/hosts
/etc/hosts
.bak$(
date
+%F)
echo
-e
"127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4\n::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6"
>
/etc/hosts
echo
-e
"$localip $LocalHostName\n$ip $HostName"
>>
/etc/hosts
Host_Num=`
grep
-
v
"localhost"
/etc/hosts
|
wc
-l`
[ $Host_Num -lt 2 ] &&
echo
"Change hosts failed, please add hosts manaully."
&&
exit
1 ||
echo
"Change hosts successful."
}
hbt_install(){
rpm -ivh http:
//dl
.fedoraproject.org
/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8
.noarch.rpm 1>
/dev/null
2>
/dev/null
rpm -qa epel-release >
/dev/null
[ $? -
ne
0 ] &&
echo
"Install epel failed."
&&
exit
1
yum -y
install
heartbeat >
/dev/null
[ $? -
ne
0 ] &&
echo
"Install heartbeat failed."
&&
exit
1 ||
echo
"Install heartbeat successful."
}
hbt_config(){
cp
/usr/share/doc/heartbeat-3
.0.4/{ha.cf,haresources,authkeys}
/etc/ha
.d/
cd
/etc/ha
.d/
#config authkeys
#Str_SHA=`openssl rand -hex 8` #会导致两节点上的sha1不同，手动操作可以用来生成随机字符串
Str_SHA=55c91e0592851a27
sed
-i
'/^#auth/aauth 2'
authkeys >
/dev/null
sed
-i
"/^#2 sha1/a2 sha1 $Str_SHA"
authkeys >
/dev/null
chmod
600 authkeys
echo
"Config authkeys successful."
#config ha.cf
sed
-i
'/^#debugfile/s/^#//'
ha.cf
sed
-i
'/^#logfile/s/^#//'
ha.cf
sed
-i
'/^logfacility/s/local0/local1/'
ha.cf
sed
-i
'/#keepalive/s/^#//'
ha.cf
sed
-i
'/#deadtime/s/^#//'
ha.cf
sed
-i
'/#warntime/s/^#//'
ha.cf
sed
-i
'/#initdead/ainitdead 60'
ha.cf
sed
-i
"/#mcast/amcast eth$InterFaceNumber 225.0.0.$d 694 1 0"
ha.cf
sed
-i
'/#udpport/s/^#//'
ha.cf
sed
-i
"/kathy$/anode$LocalHostName\nnode $HostName"
ha.cf
sed
-i
'/^#respawn hacluster/arespawn hacluster /usr/lib64/heartbeat/ipfail'
ha.cf
echo
"Config ha.cf successful."
#config haresources
echo
"$LocalHostName IPaddr::$VIP/24/eth$InterFaceNumber"
>>haresources
echo
"Config haresources successful."
/etc/init
.d
/heartbeat
start >
/dev/null
[ $? -
ne
0 ] &&
echo
"Start heartbeat failed."
&&
exit
1 ||
echo
"Start heartbeat successful."
}
check_ip(){
read
-p
"Please enter your ip: "
ip
if
[ -z $ip ];
then
#输入不能为空
echo
"Enter not null."
elif
[[ $ip =~ ^[1-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[1-9][0-9]{0,2}$ ]];
then
#输入的不是数字或不是IP格式，则重新输入 #^$：从开始到结束是数字才满足条件,=~：一个操作符，表示左边是否满足右边（作为一个模式）正则表达式
a=`
echo
$ip |
cut
-d. -f1`
b=`
echo
$ip |
cut
-d. -f2`
c=`
echo
$ip |
cut
-d. -f3`
d=`
echo
$ip |
cut
-d. -f4`
if
[ $a -
le
255 -a $b -
le
255 -a $c -
le
255 -a $d -
le
255 ];
then
#当满足输入条件时，截取IP四段数字进行整数比较，判断四段数字是否小于或等于255，同时满足条件，跳出所有循环继续，如果其中一个不满足，则重新输入
echo
"The IP address of another heartbeat node is [$ip]."
break
;
else
echo
"IP format error,Please enter the IP again."
fi
else
echo
"IP format error,Please enter the IP again."
fi
}
check_local_ip(){
read
-p
"Please enter your ip: "
localip
if
[ -z $localip ];
then
#输入不能为空
echo
"Enter not null."
return
1
elif
[[ $localip =~ ^[1-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[1-9][0-9]{0,2}$ ]];
then
#输入的不是数字或不是IP格式，则重新输入 #^$：从开始到结束是数字才满足条件,=~：一个操作符，表示左边是否满足右边（作为一个模式）正则表达式
a=`
echo
$localip |
cut
-d. -f1`
b=`
echo
$localip |
cut
-d. -f2`
c=`
echo
$localip |
cut
-d. -f3`
d=`
echo
$localip |
cut
-d. -f4`
if
[ $a -
le
255 -a $b -
le
255 -a $c -
le
255 -a $d -
le
255 ];
then
#当满足输入条件时，截取IP四段数字进行整数比较，判断四段数字是否小于或等于255，同时满足条件，跳出所有循环继续，如果其中一个不满足，则重新输入
Eth_Num=`
ifconfig
|
grep
eth|
wc
-l`
for
((i=0;i<$Eth_Num;i++))
do
LIP=`
ifconfig
eth$i|
grep
"inet addr"
|
awk
-F
" "
'{print $2}'
|
cut
-d: -f2`
if
[
"$localip"
==
"$LIP"
];
then
echo
"$localip is on eth$i."
return
0
break
;
fi
echo
"The ip address [$localip] you input is not on eth$i."
return
1
done
else
echo
"IP format error,Please enter the IP again."
return
1
fi
else
echo
"IP format error,Please enter the IP again."
return
1
fi
}
check_vip(){
read
-p
"Please enter your VIP: "
VIP
if
[ -z $VIP ];
then
#输入不能为空
echo
"Enter not null."
elif
[[ $VIP =~ ^[1-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[1-9][0-9]{0,2}$ ]];
then
#输入的不是数字或不是IP格式，则重新输入 #^$：从开始到结束是数字才满足条件,=~：一个操作符，表示左边是否满足右边（作为一个模式）正则表达式
a=`
echo
$VIP |
cut
-d. -f1`
b=`
echo
$VIP |
cut
-d. -f2`
c=`
echo
$VIP |
cut
-d. -f3`
d=`
echo
$VIP |
cut
-d. -f4`
if
[ $a -
le
255 -a $b -
le
255 -a $c -
le
255 -a $d -
le
255 ];
then
#当满足输入条件时，截取IP四段数字进行整数比较，判断四段数字是否小于或等于255，同时满足条件，跳出所有循环继续，如果其中一个不满足，则重新输入
echo
"The VIP address is [$VIP]."
break
;
else
echo
"IP format error,Please enter the VIP again."
fi
else
echo
"IP format error,Please enter the VIP again."
fi
}
check_ethnum(){
read
-p
"Please enter the interface number: "
InterFaceNumber
if
[ -z $InterFaceNumber ];
then
echo
"Interface number can't be null."
elif
[[ $InterFaceNumber =~ ^[0-9]$ ]];
then
if
[ $InterFaceNumber -lt $Eth_Num ];
then
echo
"VIP will be run on eth$InterFaceNumber."
break
;
else
echo
"Can't find eth$InterFaceNumber."
fi
else
echo
"Invalid interface number."
fi
}
check_hostname(){
read
-p
"Please enter your hostname : "
HostName
if
[
"$HostName"
!=
""
];
then
echo
"The hostname you typed is $HostName."
break
;
else
echo
"Hostname can't be null."
fi
}
change_local_hostname(){
read
-p
"Please input your hostname : "
LocalHostName
if
[
"$LocalHostName"
!=
""
];
then
sed
-i
'/^HOSTNAME/s/^/#/'
/etc/sysconfig/network
sed
-i
"/#HOSTNAME/aHOSTNAME=$LocalHostName"
/etc/sysconfig/network
sed
-i
'/^#HOSTNAME/d'
/etc/sysconfig/network
hostname
"$LocalHostName"
Uname=`
uname
-n`
if
[
"$LocalHostName"
==
"$Uname"
];
then
echo
"Change hostname successful."
break
;
else
echo
"Change hostname failed."
exit
1;
fi
fi
}
#检查用户输入的本地IP地址
while
true
;
do
echo
-e
"You need to input your local \033[1;32mIP address\033[0m on \033[1;32mthis server\033[0m."
check_local_ip
if
[ $? -
eq
0 ];
then
break
;
fi
done
#检查用户输入的另外一个节点的IP地址
while
true
;
do
echo
-e
"You need to input the \033[1;32mIP address\033[0m of \033[1;32manother heartbeat node\033[0m."
check_ip
done
#检查用户输入的运行脚本的这台主机的主机名
while
true
;
do
echo
-e
"You need to input the \033[1;32mhostname\033[0m for \033[1;32mthis server\033[0m."
change_local_hostname
done
#检查用户输入的另外一个节点的主机名
while
true
;
do
echo
-e
"You need to input the \033[1;32mhostname\033[0m of \033[1;32manother heartbeat node\033[0m."
check_hostname
done
#检查用户输入的VIP地址
while
true
;
do
echo
-e
"You need to input the \033[1;32mVIP address\033[0m."
check_vip
done
#检查绑定VIP的网卡
while
true
;
do
echo
-e
"You need determine \033[1;32mwhich interface\033[0m to \033[1;32mrun the VIP\033[0m."
check_ethnum
done
stop_iptables
time_sync
change_hosts
hbt_install
hbt_config
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本文转自 jerry1111111 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/jerry12356/1855926，如需转载请自行联系原作者
