spring mvc 与JPA/Hibernate的整合示例-阿里云开发者社区

 
        一、首先通过maven加入spring、jpa和hibernate相关的jar包。如pom.xml:
       
        Java代码  收藏代码
       
        <project xmlns=
        "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
        xmlns:xsi=
        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
       
        xsi:schemaLocation=
        "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"
        > 
       
        <modelVersion>
        4.0
        .
        0
        </modelVersion> 
       
        <groupId> cn.ibeans</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>ibeans</artifactId> 
       
        <packaging>war</packaging> 
       
        <version>
        0.0
        .
        1
        -SNAPSHOT</version> 
       
        <name>myweb Maven Webapp</name> 
       
        <url>http:
        //maven.apache.org</url> 
       
        <!-- 定义相关属性 --> 
       
        <properties> 
       
        <jdk-version>
        1.6
        </jdk-version> 
       
        <junit-version>
        4.11
        </junit-version> 
       
        <spring-version>
        3.2
        .
        2
        .RELEASE</spring-version> 
       
        </properties> 
       
        <!-- 定义依赖包 --> 
       
        <dependencies> 
       
        <!-- spring begin--> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> 
       
        <version>${spring-version}</version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> 
       
        <version>${spring-version}</version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> 
       
        <version>${spring-version}</version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> 
       
        <version>${spring-version}</version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> 
       
        <version>${spring-version}</version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId> 
       
        <version>
        1.3
        .
        2
        .RELEASE</version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <!-- spring end --> 
       
        <!-- servlet begin --> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> 
       
        <version>
        3.0
        -alpha-
        1
        </version> 
       
        <scope>provided</scope> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <!-- servlet end --> 
       
        <!-- junit begin --> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>junit</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 
       
        <version>${junit-version}</version> 
       
        <scope>test</scope> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <!-- junit end --> 
       
        <!-- hibernate begin --> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> 
       
        <version>
        4.2
        .
        1
        .Final</version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> 
       
        <version>
        4.2
        .
        1
        .Final</version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>org.hibernate.common</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>hibernate-commons-annotations</artifactId> 
       
        <version>
        4.0
        .
        1
        .Final</version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> 
       
        <version>
        5.0
        .
        0
        .Final</version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <!-- hibernate end --> 
       
        <!--logger begin --> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> 
       
        <version>
        1.7
        .
        5
        </version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId> 
       
        <version>
        1.7
        .
        5
        </version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> 
       
        <version>
        1.7
        .
        5
        </version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <!-- logger end --> 
       
        <!-- database begin --> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>mysql</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> 
       
        <version>
        5.1
        .
        25
        </version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <!-- database end --> 
       
        <!-- apache commons begin --> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> 
       
        <version>
        20030825.184428
        </version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>commons-pool</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId> 
       
        <version>
        20030825.183949
        </version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <dependency> 
       
        <groupId>commons-collections</groupId> 
       
        <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId> 
       
        <version>
        2.1
        </version> 
       
        </dependency> 
       
        <!-- apache commons end --> 
       
        </dependencies> 
       
        <!-- 配置构建 --> 
       
        <build> 
       
        <finalName>ibeans</finalName> 
       
        </build> 
       
        </project> 
       
        2
        、配置applicationContext.xml中的实体管理工厂和事务机制: 
       
        Java代码  收藏代码
       
        <?xml version=
        "1.0" 
        encoding=
        "UTF-8"
        ?> 
       
        <beans xmlns=
        "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
        xmlns:xsi=
        "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
       
        xmlns:context=
        "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
       
        xmlns:jdbc=
        "http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"  
       
        xmlns:jee=
        "http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" 
       
        xmlns:tx=
        "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
       
        xmlns:jpa=
        "http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" 
       
        xsi:schemaLocation=" 
       
        http:
        //www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd 
       
        http:
        //www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd 
       
        http:
        //www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd 
       
        http:
        //www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd 
       
        http:
        //www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd 
       
        http:
        //www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd" 
       
        default
        -lazy-init=
        "true"
        > 
       
        <description>Spring公共配置 </description> 
       
        <!-- 使用annotation 自动注册bean, 并保证
        @Required
        、
        @Autowired
        的属性被注入 --> 
       
        <context:component-scan base-
        package
        =
        "cn.ibeans"
        > 
       
        <context:exclude-filter type=
        "annotation" 
        expression=
        "org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"
        /> 
       
        </context:component-scan> 
       
        <!-- JPA实体管理工厂的配置 --> 
       
        <bean id=
        "entityManagerFactory" 
        class
        =
        "org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"
        >  
       
        <property name=
        "dataSource" 
        ref=
        "dataSource"
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "jpaVendorAdapter" 
        ref=
        "hibernateJpaVendorAdapter"
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "packagesToScan" 
        value=
        "cn.ibeans"
        /><!--待扫描的实体类包，不再需要persistence.xml了--> 
       
        <property name=
        "jpaProperties"
        > 
       
        <props> 
       
        <prop key=
        "hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy"
        >org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop> 
       
        <prop key=
        "hibernate.show_sql"
        >
        true
        </prop> 
       
        <prop key=
        "hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto"
        >update</prop> 
       
        </props> 
       
        </property> 
       
        </bean> 
       
        <!--指定实现JPA的适配器--> 
       
        <bean id=
        "hibernateJpaVendorAdapter" 
        class
        =
        "org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"
        > 
       
        <property name=
        "databasePlatform" 
        value=
        "org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" 
        /> 
       
        </bean> 
       
        <!-- Jpa 事务配置 --> 
       
        <bean id=
        "transactionManager" 
        class
        =
        "org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"
        > 
       
        <property name=
        "entityManagerFactory" 
        ref=
        "entityManagerFactory"
        /> 
       
        </bean> 
       
        <!-- Spring Data Jpa配置 --> 
       
        <!-- 
       
        <jpa:repositories base-
        package
        =
        "cn.ibeans"  
        transaction-manager-ref=
        "transactionManager" 
        entity-manager-factory-ref=
        "entityManagerFactory"
        /> 
       
        --> 
       
        <!-- 使用annotation定义事务 --> 
       
        <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager=
        "transactionManager" 
        proxy-target-
        class
        =
        "true" 
        /> 
       
        <!-- JSR303 Validator定义 --> 
       
        <bean id=
        "validator" 
        class
        =
        "org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean" 
        /> 
       
        <!-- production环境 --> 
       
        <beans profile=
        "production"
        > 
       
        <context:property-placeholder ignore-unresolvable=
        "true" 
        location=
        "classpath*:/db.properties" 
        />   
       
        <!-- 数据源配置, 使用DBCP数据库连接池 --> 
       
        <bean id=
        "dataSource" 
        class
        =
        "org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" 
        destroy-method=
        "close"
        > 
       
        <!-- Connection Info --> 
       
        <property name=
        "driverClassName" 
        value=
        "${jdbc.driver}" 
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "url" 
        value=
        "${jdbc.url}" 
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "username" 
        value=
        "${jdbc.username}" 
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "password" 
        value=
        "${jdbc.password}" 
        /> 
       
        <!-- Connection Pooling Info --> 
       
        <property name=
        "maxActive" 
        value=
        "${dbcp.maxActive}" 
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "maxIdle" 
        value=
        "${dbcp.maxIdle}" 
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "defaultAutoCommit" 
        value=
        "false" 
        /> 
       
        <!-- 连接Idle一个小时后超时 --> 
       
        <property name=
        "timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" 
        value=
        "3600000" 
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" 
        value=
        "3600000" 
        /> 
       
        </bean> 
       
        <!-- 数据源配置,使用应用服务器的数据库连接池 --> 
       
        <!--<jee:jndi-lookup id=
        "dataSource" 
        jndi-name=
        "java:comp/env/jdbc/ExampleDB" 
        />--> 
       
        </beans> 
       
        <!-- local development环境 --> 
       
        <beans profile=
        "development"
        > 
       
        <context:property-placeholder ignore-resource-not-found=
        "true" 
       
        location="classpath*:/db.properties, 
       
        classpath*:/db_dev.properties" />   
       
        <!-- DBCP连接池 --> 
       
        <bean id=
        "dataSource" 
        class
        =
        "org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" 
        destroy-method=
        "close"
        > 
       
        <property name=
        "driverClassName" 
        value=
        "${jdbc.driver}" 
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "url" 
        value=
        "${jdbc.url}" 
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "username" 
        value=
        "${jdbc.username}" 
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "password" 
        value=
        "${jdbc.password}" 
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "defaultAutoCommit" 
        value=
        "false" 
        /> 
       
        </bean> 
       
        </beans> 
       
        <!-- unit test环境 --> 
       
        <beans profile=
        "test"
        > 
       
        <context:property-placeholder ignore-resource-not-found=
        "true" 
       
        location=
        "classpath*:/db_test.properties" 
        />  
       
        <!-- Simple连接池 --> 
       
        <bean id=
        "dataSource" 
        class
        =
        "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.SimpleDriverDataSource"
        > 
       
        <property name=
        "driverClass" 
        value=
        "${jdbc.driver}" 
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "url" 
        value=
        "${jdbc.url}" 
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "username" 
        value=
        "${jdbc.username}" 
        /> 
       
        <property name=
        "password" 
        value=
        "${jdbc.password}" 
        /> 
       
        </bean> 
       
        <!-- 初始化数据表结构 与默认数据--> 
       
        <jdbc:initialize-database data-source=
        "dataSource" 
        ignore-failures=
        "ALL"
        > 
       
        <jdbc:script location=
        "classpath:sql/h2/schema.sql" 
        /> 
       
        <jdbc:script location=
        "classpath:data/import-data.sql" 
        encoding=
        "UTF-8"
        /> 
       
        </jdbc:initialize-database> 
       
        </beans> 
       
        </beans> 
       
        定义实体类：User.java
       
        Java代码  收藏代码
       
        package 
        cn.ibeans.web.model; 
       
        import 
        java.io.Serializable; 
       
        import 
        javax.persistence.Column; 
       
        import 
        javax.persistence.Entity; 
       
        import 
        javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; 
       
        import 
        javax.persistence.Id; 
       
        import 
        javax.persistence.Table; 
       
        import 
        org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator; 
       
        @Entity 
       
        @Table
        (name=
        "i_user"
        ) 
       
        public 
        class 
        User 
        implements 
        Serializable{ 
       
        private 
        String id; 
       
        private 
        String username; 
       
        private 
        String password; 
       
        @Id 
       
        @GeneratedValue
        (generator=
        "system-uuid"
        ) 
       
        @GenericGenerator
        (name=
        "system-uuid"
        ,strategy=
        "uuid"
        ) 
       
        public 
        String getId() { 
       
        return 
        id; 
       
        } 
       
        public 
        void 
        setId(String id) { 
       
        this
        .id = id; 
       
        } 
       
        @Column
        (name=
        "username"
        ) 
       
        public 
        String getUsername() { 
       
        return 
        username; 
       
        } 
       
        public 
        void 
        setUsername(String username) { 
       
        this
        .username = username; 
       
        } 
       
        @Column
        (name=
        "password"
        ) 
       
        public 
        String getPassword() { 
       
        return 
        password; 
       
        } 
       
        public 
        void 
        setPassword(String password) { 
       
        this
        .password = password; 
       
        } 
       
        } 
       
        3
        、定义dao接口，只需定义接口方法即可，不用加任何注解 
       
        Java代码  收藏代码
       
        package 
        cn.ibeans.dao; 
       
        import 
        cn.ibeans.web.model.User; 
       
        public 
        interface 
        UserDao { 
       
        User findByName(String name); 
       
        User findByLoginName(String loginName); 
       
        void 
        saveOrUpdate(User user); 
       
        } 
       
        4
        、定义dao实现类。用
        @Repository
        注解类，并将EntityManager作为成员变量注入，注入方法是加
        @PersistenceContext 
       
        Java代码  收藏代码
       
        package 
        cn.ibeans.dao.impl; 
       
        import 
        javax.persistence.EntityManager; 
       
        import 
        javax.persistence.PersistenceContext; 
       
        import 
        org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; 
       
        import 
        cn.ibeans.dao.UserDao; 
       
        import 
        cn.ibeans.web.model.User; 
       
        @Repository 
       
        public 
        class 
        UserDaoImpl 
        implements 
        UserDao { 
       
        @PersistenceContext 
       
        private 
        EntityManager em; 
       
        @Override 
       
        public 
        User findByName(String name) { 
       
        return 
        null
        ; 
       
        } 
       
        @Override 
       
        public 
        User findByLoginName(String loginName) { 
       
        return 
        null
        ; 
       
        } 
       
        @Override 
       
        public 
        void 
        saveOrUpdate(User user) { 
       
        em.persist(user); 
       
        } 
       
        } 
       
        5
        、定义service类。可直接写实现类 
       
        用
        @Component
        或
        @Service
        注释类，将dao接口作为成员变量注入，注入方法是加
        @Autowired 
       
        如果是写方法，需在方法上加
        @Transactional
        (readOnly=
        false
        )注解 
       
        Java代码  收藏代码
       
        package 
        cn.ibeans.service; 
       
        import 
        javax.annotation.Resource; 
       
        import 
        org.apache.log4j.Logger; 
       
        import 
        org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
       
        import 
        org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
       
        import 
        org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; 
       
        import 
        cn.ibeans.dao.UserDao; 
       
        import 
        cn.ibeans.web.model.User; 
       
        @Component 
       
        public 
        class 
        UserService { 
       
        private 
        static 
        Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(UserService.
        class
        ); 
       
        @Autowired 
       
        private 
        UserDao userDao; 
       
        @Transactional
        (readOnly=
        false
        ) 
       
        public 
        void 
        saveUser(User user){ 
       
        userDao.saveOrUpdate(user); 
       
        logger.debug(user.getUsername()+
        ",保存成功！"
        ); 
       
        } 
       
        } 
       
        6
        、定义action 
       
        用
        @Controller
        注释action类，如果需为该action中所有方法指定一个共用的上层路径名，则需用
        @RequestMapping
        (value=
        "/user"
        )注释该类。表示该类下的所有访求均要通过/user/**来访问 
       
        将service类作为成员变量注入action。注入方法是加
        @Autowired 
       
        用
        @RequestMapping
        (value=
        "/save"
        )注释action的方法。 
       
        Java代码  收藏代码
       
        package 
        cn.ibeans.web.controller; 
       
        import 
        javax.servlet.ServletContext; 
       
        import 
        javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
       
        import 
        org.apache.log4j.Logger; 
       
        import 
        org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
       
        import 
        org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 
       
        import 
        org.springframework.ui.Model; 
       
        import 
        org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute; 
       
        import 
        org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 
       
        import 
        org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader; 
       
        import 
        org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext; 
       
        import 
        cn.ibeans.service.UserService; 
       
        import 
        cn.ibeans.web.model.User; 
       
        @Controller 
       
        @RequestMapping
        (value=
        "/user"
        ) 
       
        public 
        class 
        LoginController 
        extends 
        HttpServlet{ 
       
        private 
        static 
        Logger log = Logger.getLogger(LoginController.
        class
        ); 
       
        @Autowired 
       
        private 
        UserService userService; 
       
        //@RequestMapping(value="/login")   //如果类级别上已有映射地址（/user），此处的完整请求地址是/user/login 
       
        public 
        String doLogin(Model model,Object loginForm){ 
       
        //model.addAttribute("username",username);  //model被用来封装数据，向前台传递 
       
        WebApplicationContext context = ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext(); 
       
        ServletContext sc = context.getServletContext(); 
       
        return 
        "/welcome"
        ; 
       
        } 
       
        @RequestMapping
        (value=
        "/login"
        ) 
       
        public 
        String login(
        @ModelAttribute 
        User user,Model model){ 
       
        log.info(user.getUsername()); 
       
        model.addAttribute(user); 
       
        return 
        "/welcome"
        ; 
       
        } 
       
        @RequestMapping
        (value=
        "/save"
        ) 
       
        public 
        String save(
        @ModelAttribute 
        User user,Model model){ 
       
        log.info(user.getUsername()); 
       
        userService.saveUser(user); 
       
        model.addAttribute(user); 
       
        return 
        "/welcome"
        ; 
       
        } 
       
        } 
       
        7
        、发起请示的页面 
       
        请示的url应该是上下文根路径+action类路径+方法路径
       
        Java代码  收藏代码
       
        <%@ page language=
        "java" 
        contentType=
        "text/html; charset=utf-8" 
        pageEncoding=
        "utf-8"
        %> 
       
        <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC 
        "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"
        > 
       
        <html> 
       
        <head> 
       
        <meta http-equiv=
        "Content-Type" 
        content=
        "text/html; charset=utf-8"
        > 
       
        <title>Insert title here</title> 
       
        </head> 
       
        <body> 
       
        <div> 
       
        <form action=
        "/ibeans/user/save" 
        methed=
        "post"
        > 
       
        <input type=
        "text" 
        name=
        "username"
        > 
       
        <input type=
        "text" 
        name=
        "password"
        > 
       
        <input type=
        "submit" 
        value=
        "SUBMIT"
        > 
       
        </form> 
       
        </div> 
       
        </body> 
       
        </html> 
       
        8
        、转发目的页面 
       
        可以通过引用action方法里定义的mode属性来获取相关的数据。
       
        welcome.jsp:
       
        Java代码  收藏代码
       
        <%@ page language=
        "java" 
        contentType=
        "text/html; charset=utf-8" 
       
        pageEncoding=
        "utf-8"
        %> 
       
        <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC 
        "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"
        > 
       
        <html> 
       
        <head> 
       
        <meta http-equiv=
        "Content-Type" 
        content=
        "text/html; charset=utf-8"
        > 
       
        <title>Insert title here</title> 
       
        </head> 
       
        <body> 
       
        ${user.username },你好！  
       
        </body> 
       
        </html>
本文转自yunlielai51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/4925054/1282960，如需转载请自行联系原作者
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