具体原因：使用yum搜索某些rpm包，找不到包是因为CentOS是RedHat企业版编译过来的，去掉了所有关于版权问题的东西。安装EPEL后可以很好的解决这个问题。EPEL(Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux )即企业版Linux的扩展包，提供了很多可共Centos使用的组件，安装完这个以后基本常用的rpm都可以找到。
Method #1 从企业版Linux库配置包中安装扩展包。（推荐 ）
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[root@localhost ~]
# sudo yum install epel-release
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:7-5 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
epel-release noarch 7-5 extras 14 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 14 k
Installed size: 24 k
Is this ok [y
/d/N
]: y
Downloading packages:
epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm | 14 kB 00:01
Running transaction check
Running transaction
test
Transaction
test
succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : epel-release-7-5.noarch 1
/1
Verifying : epel-release-7-5.noarch 1
/1
Installed:
epel-release.noarch 0:7-5
Complete!
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Method #2 从dl.fedoraproject.org安装扩展包。
1.使用wget命令下载epel-release：
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[root@localhost ~]
# cd/tmp
[root@localhost ~]
# wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm ls*.rpm
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或者通过wiki查找到对应版本的epel后，再下载：
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[root@localhost ~]
# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm
或
[root@localhost ~]
# wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/epel/7/x86_64/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm //中国科学技术大学镜像
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2.安装：
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[root@localhost ~]
# sudo yum install epel-release-7.noarch.rpm
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注意：
1. epel的版本要与centos的版本相对应，否则安装失败，即centos7版本要对应epel7版本。
2. rpm安装完后，rpm -ql epel*，确提示未安装，此时要导入rpm的签名信息
#rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 （root身份执行）
本文转自浅景尘51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/857803451/1964363 ，如需转载请自行联系原作者
