搭建Nginx+PHP环境
一. 源码包编译安装部署web服务器
1.安装nginx必须的依赖包
[root@test01 ~]# yum -y install gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel
2.安装编译nginx，目前系统测试环境为CentOS6.3 软件版本为nginx-1.2.6
[root@test01 ~]# useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin
[root@test01 ~]# tar zxvf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
[root@test01 ~]# cd nginx-1.2.6
[root@test01 nginx-1.2.6]# ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx--prefix=/usr/local/nginx/ --with-http_stub_status_module--with-http_ssl_module
// --with-http_stub_status_module 安装允许状态模块
// --with-http_ssl_module 安装ssl模块
[root@test01 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v //查看Nginx的相关环境配置信息是否正确
nginx version: nginx/1.2.6
[root@test01 ~]#
[root@test01 nginx-1.2.6]# make & make install //编译安装过程略
3.通过nginx自身脚本机器nginx服务器,并通过各种命令查看是否启动成功
[root@test01 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf // -c指向nginx主配置文件
[root@test01 ~]# lsof -i :80 //查看nginx进程号及运行情况
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
nginx 21910 root 9u IPv4 262148 0t0 TCP*:http (LISTEN)
nginx 21911 nginx 9u IPv4 262148 0t0 TCP*:http (LISTEN)
[root@test01 ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx //查看nginx进程号及运行情况
root 21910 1 0 10:41 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx 21911 21910 0 10:41 ? 00:00:00 nginx:worker process
root 21957 21755 0 10:42 pts/0 00:00:00 grep nginx
[root@test01 ~]# netstat -nltp | grep 80 //查看nginx进程监听端口
[root@test01 ~]# netstat -an |grep 80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
4.通过windows服务器IE浏览器测试
扩展知识:
1）设置nginx开机自动启动，将nginx启动命令添加到/etc/rc.local
[root@test01 ~]# echo "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" >> /etc/rc.local
[root@test01 ~]# cat /etc/rc.local | grep nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
2）通过设置System V 脚本，使用server命令启动nginx服务
[root@test01 init.d]# vim nginx //在/etc/init.d/下创建nginx启动脚本文件
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && ./etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
killall -9 nginx
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0{start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
[root@test01 init.d]# chmod 755 nginx //修改脚本文件nginx的权限
[root@test01 init.d]# chkconfig --add nginx //将脚本文件加入chkconfig中
[root@test01 init.d]# chkconfig --level 35 nginx on //设置nginx开机在3和5级别自动启动
[root@test01 init.d]# chkconfig --list | grep nginx
nginx 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off
测试nginx脚本文件是否能够正常使用
[root@test01 init.d]# /etc/init.d/nginx restart //重新启动
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
Stopping nginx: [ OK ]
Starting nginx: [ OK ]
[root@test01 init.d]# /etc/init.d/nginx reload //不间断服务平滑重启
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
Reloading nginx: [ OK ]
[root@test01 ~]# cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid //存储了nginx运行的进程号
15799
[root@test01 ~]# kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid` //不间断服务重新启动nginx
[root@test01 init.d]# /etc/init.d/nginx stop
Stopping nginx: [ OK ]
[root@test01 init.d]# killall -9 nginx //结束nginx的全部经常
[root@test01 html]# pwd //安装nginx完成后，默认网站的路径
/usr/local/nginx/html
[root@test01 html]# ll //可以查看到默认网站为index.html，内容为以上测试内容。
total 8
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 537 Feb 27 11:40 50x.html
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 612 Feb 27 11:40 index.html
二.安装php环境
nginx目前还不能直接支持php，必须先借助于fastcgi来驱动php。现在fastcgi较好的办法有2种，一个是spawn-fcgi，另外一个就是php-fpm，一般来说可能php-fpm更强大一点.
由于PHP5.3版本以后就自带php-fpm了，所以如果你用源码安装的话只需要enable fpm就可以了，下面来说说通过yum安装php-fpm
开始安装Nginx和PHP-FPM之前,你必须卸载系统中以前安装的Apache和PHP。用root登录输入下面的命令：
yum remove httpd* php*
增加额外资源库:
默认情况下，CentOS的官方资源是没有php-fpm的, 但我们可以从Remi的RPM资源中获得，它依赖于EPEL资源。我们可以这样增加两个资源库：
yum install yum-priorities –y
wget http://download.Fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
wget http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm
rpm -Uvh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
rpm -Uvh remi-release-6.rpm
安装php,php-ftpm
yum --enablerepo=remi install php php-fpm
添加到系统自动运行
chkconfig --level 345 php-fpm on
PHP仅安装了核心模块，你很可能需要安装其他的模块，比如MySQL、 XML、 GD等等，你可以输入下列命令：
yum --enablerepo=remi install php-gd php-mysql php-mbstring php-xml php-mcrypt
第一次启动php-fpm，输入下列命令：
/etc/init.d/php-fpm start
三．配置PHP-FPM和Nginx
编辑Nginx的配置文件
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
修改如下：
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME/scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
配置fastcgi
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params
添加如下行：
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
添加php测试文件
vi /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
添加以下内容：
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
