Gitlab完整搭建手册+排错-阿里云开发者社区

GitLab，是一个利用 Ruby on Rails 开发的开源应用程序，实现一个自托管的Git项目仓库，可通过Web界面进行访问公开的或者私人项目。
它拥有与Github类似的功能，能够浏览源代码，管理缺陷和注释。可以管理团队对仓库的访问，它非常易于浏览提交过的版本并提供一个文件历史库。团队成员可以利用内置的简单聊天程序（Wall）进行交流。它还提供一个代码片段收集功能可以轻松实现代码复用，便于日后有需要的时候进行查找。
开源项目地址：https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq

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# Distribution    : CentOS 6.5 Minimal
# GitLab version : 7.4.5
# GitLab-shell    : 2.0.1
# Ruby version    : ruby 2.1.2p95 (2014-05-08 revision 45877) [x86_64-linux]
# Gem version    : 2.2.2
# Redis-server    : Redis server version 2.4.10 (00000000:0)
# Web Server       : Nginx/1.0.15
# Database       : MySQL/5.5.40

一，安装源和依赖包

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cd /usr/local/src
#增epel源,如果你是i686系统，请把x86_64修改下。

yum install http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

#确认是否安装成功
rpm -qa gpg*
gpg-pubkey-0608b895-4bd22942

二，安装依赖包

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yum -y update
yum -y groupinstall 'Development Tools'
yum -y install readline readline-devel ncurses-devel gdbm-devel glibc-devel tcl-devel openssl-devel curl-devel expat-devel db4-devel byacc sqlite-devel libyaml libyaml-devel libffi libffi-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel libicu libicu-devel system-config-firewall-tui redis sudo wget crontabs logwatch logrotate perl-Time-HiRes git cmake libcom_err-devel.i686 libcom_err-devel.x86_64

安装邮件服务
postfix或者sendmail，官网上安装是postfix，本人默认就装来sendmail，所以此步骤省略

三，安装git
默认centos的git版本是1.7.10，所以要先删除，然后再下载源码安装

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yum remove git -y

yum install zlib-devel perl-CPAN gettext curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel

mkdir /tmp/git && cd /tmp/git

curl --progress https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.1.3.tar.gz | tar xz

cd git-2.1.3/ && ./configure && make && make prefix=/usr/local install

完成后验证

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which git
/usr/local/bin/git

git --version
git version 2.1.3

四，安装ruby
ruby版本需要2.0+，所以先卸载系统已存在的

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yum remove ruby
#如果是源码安装的
cd (your-ruby-source-path) && make uninstall

mkdir /tmp/ruby && cd /tmp/ruby

curl --progress ang.org/pub/ruby/2.1/ruby-2.1.2.tar.gz | tar xz

cd ruby-2.1.2 && ./configure --disable-install-rdoc && make && make prefix=/usr/local install

#引用淘宝ruby源

gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/

gem sources -a https://ruby.taobao.org/ ##注意加https

gem sources -l

安装bundler

1	gem install bundler --no-doc

完成后验证

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which ruby
/usr/local/bin/ruby

ruby -v
ruby 2.1.2p95 (2014-05-08 revision 45877) [x86_64-linux]

五，创建系统用户

1	adduser --system --shell /bin/bash --comment 'GitLab' --create-home --home-dir /home/git/ git

增加/usr/local/bin

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visudo
#修改以下内容
Defaults secure_path = /sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin

六，安装mysql
官网给出两个选择，mysql、postgreSQL，我使用的mysql
centos默认会安装5.1版本的mysql，所以要源码安装，此步骤掠过。。。

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#mysql的版本至少5.5.14或更新
mysql --version
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.5.40, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1

创建数据库用户并授权

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mysql -u root -p

mysql> CREATE USER 'git'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'gitpwd';

mysql> show variables like "%engine";
+------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+--------+
| default_storage_engine | InnoDB |
| storage_engine | InnoDB |
+------------------------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

#如果不是InnoDB引擎，需执行下面命令
mysql> SET storage_engine=INNODB;

创建数据库

1	mysql> CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS gitlabhq_production DEFAULT CHARACTER SET `utf8` COLLATE `utf8_unicode_ci`;

给用户授权

1	mysql> GRANT SELECT, LOCK TABLES, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER ON `gitlabhq_production`.* TO 'git'@'localhost';

测试是否能够成功登录

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mysql -ugit -pgitpwd -D gitlabhq_production
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 30
Server version: 5.5.40-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> \q

七，配置redis

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chkconfig redis on

cp /etc/redis.conf /etc/redis.conf.orig

#修改监听端口
sed 's/^port .*/port 0/' /etc/redis.conf.orig |tee /etc/redis.conf

#增加内容
echo 'unixsocket /var/run/redis/redis.sock' |tee -a /etc/redis.conf

echo -e 'unixsocketperm 0770' |tee -a /etc/redis.conf

创建目录改权限

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mkdir /var/run/redis

chown redis:redis /var/run/redis

chmod 755 /var/run/redis

启动服务

1	service redis restart

附加git到redis组

1	usermod -aG redis git

八，安装gitlab

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cd /home/git

#下载源码
sudo -u git -H git clone https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce.git -b 7-4-stable gitlab

修改配置

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cd gitLab/

sudo -u git -H cp config/gitlab.yml.example config/gitlab.yml

sudo -u git -H vim config/gitlab.yml
gitlab:
## Web server settings (note: host is the FQDN, do not include http://)
host: www.gitlab.com
port: 80
https: false

修改目录权限

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chown -R git log/
chown -R git tmp/
chmod -R u+rwX log/
chmod -R u+rwX tmp/
chmod -R u+rwX tmp/pids/
chmod -R u+rwX tmp/sockets/
chmod -R u+rwX public/uploads

创建目录

1 2	sudo -u git -H mkdir /home/git/gitlab-satellites chmod u+rwx,g=rx,o-rwx /home/git/gitlab-satellites

编辑配置文件unicorn.rb

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sudo -u git -H cp config/unicorn.rb.example config/unicorn.rb

#查看系统核心数
nproc
4

#编辑配置
sudo -u git -H vim config/unicorn.rb
worker_processes 4

拷贝配置文件rack_attack.rb

1	sudo -u git -H cp config/initializers/rack_attack.rb.example config/initializers/rack_attack.rb

定义全局的用户和邮箱

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sudo -u git -H git config --global user.name "GitLab"
sudo -u git -H git config --global user.email "example@example.com"
sudo -u git -H git config --global core.autocrlf input

编辑连接redis配置

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#拷贝配置
sudo -u git -H cp config/resque.yml.example config/resque.yml

#连接redis配置，默认配置，未修改
sudo -u git -H vim config/resque.yml

九，配置gitlab数据库文件

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sudo -u git cp config/database.yml.mysql config/database.yml

#编辑配置文件
sudo -u git -H vim config/database.yml
production:
  adapter: mysql2
  encoding: utf8
  collation: utf8_general_ci
  reconnect: false
  database: gitlabhq_production
  pool: 10
  username: git
  password: "gitpwd"
  host: localhost
  socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

#修改文件权限，只有git用户可读
sudo -u git -H chmod o-rwx config/database.yml

十，安装gem

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cd /home/git/gitLab

sudo -u git -H bundle install --deployment --without development test postgres aws

#错误1：

各种安装失败

解决：
修改Gemfile下的http://ruby.taobao.org/

为：

https://ruby.taobao.org/

#出现错误2：Could not find modernizr-2.6.2 in any of the sources

#解决办法：

[git@Git gitlab]$ vi Gemfile

第114行   gem "modernizr",        "2.6.2"

更改改为：

第114行   gem "modernizr-rails",  "2.7.1"

[git@Git gitlab]$ vi Gemfile.lock

第252行     modernizr (2.6.2)

更改改为：

第252行     modernizr-rails (2.7.1)


第523行   modernizr (= 2.6.2)

更改改为：

第523行   modernizr-rails (= 2.7.1)

重新执行

su git -c "bundle install --deployment --without development test postgres"

#出现错误3：

执行bundle install进行安装

十一，安装gitlab-shell
官网上给的gitlab－shell版本是2.1.0，后面会有问题（本地到远程不能连接），网上查找问题是版本问题，需要gitlab－shell的版本是2.0.1

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sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:shell:install[v2.0.1] REDIS_URL=unix:/var/run/redis/redis.sock RAILS_ENV=production

#编辑配置
sudo -u git -H vim /home/git/gitlab-shell/config.yml
---
user: git
gitlab_url: https://localhost/
http_settings:
  self_signed_cert: true
repos_path: "/home/git/repositories/"
auth_file: "/home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys"
redis:
  bin: "/usr/bin/redis-cli"
  namespace: resque:gitlab
  socket: "/var/run/redis/redis.sock"
log_level: INFO
audit_usernames: false

十二，初始化数据库

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sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:setup RAILS_ENV=production

#可以设置管理员密码(此步骤可省略。。。)
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:setup RAILS_ENV=production GITLAB_ROOT_PASSWORD=newpassword

十三，配置服务脚本

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wget -O /etc/init.d/gitlab https://raw.github.com/gitlabhq/gitlab-recipes/master/init/sysvinit/centos/gitlab-unicorn

## 或者复制本地的（本地的根网上下的脚本略有差异）cp /home/git/gitlab/lib/support/init.d/gitlab /etc/init.d/gitlab

chmod +x /etc/init.d/gitlab

chkconfig --add gitlab

chkconfig gitlab on

#设置logrotate
cp lib/support/logrotate/gitlab /etc/logrotate.d/gitlab

#检测应用状态
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:env:info RAILS_ENV=production

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:check RAILS_ENV=production

#启动服务
service gitlab start

##如果出现报错：

Starting unicorn: bin/web: line 21: bundle: command not found

修改/etc/profile

把bundle的路径加到环境变量里

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin

十四，配置web服务

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#本人使用的nginx
yum -y install nginx

chkconfig nginx on

vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/gitlab.conf

# GITLAB

# Maintainer: @randx

# App Version: 5.0

upstream gitlab {

server unix:/home/git/gitlab/tmp/sockets/gitlab.socket;

}

server {

listen 192.168.0.210:80 default_server; # e.g., listen 192.168.1.1:80;

server_name www.gitlab.com; # e.g., server_name source.example.com;

root /home/git/gitlab/public;

# individual nginx logs for this gitlab vhost

access_log /var/log/nginx/gitlab_access.log;

error_log /var/log/nginx/gitlab_error.log;

location / {

# serve static files from defined root folder;.

# @gitlab is a named location for the upstream fallback, see below

try_files $uri $uri/index.html $uri.html @gitlab;

}

# if a file, which is not found in the root folder is requested,

# then the proxy pass the request to the upsteam (gitlab unicorn)

location @gitlab {

proxy_read_timeout 300; # https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq/issues/694

proxy_connect_timeout 300; # https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq/issues/694

proxy_redirect off;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;

proxy_set_header Host $http_host;

proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

proxy_pass http://gitlab;

}

添加nginx用户到git组

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usermod -a -G git nginx

chmod g+rx /home/git/

#修改下server标签监听端口和域名

vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/gitlab.conf

server {

listen x.x.x.x:80;

server_name www.gitlab.com;

#..略..

}

启动服务

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service nginx start

#访问登录
#用户名：root
#密码：5iveL!fe

#问题一
#================================

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#报错信息：
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:setup RAILS_ENV=production
This will create the necessary database tables and seed the database.
You will lose any previous data stored in the database.
Do you want to continue (yes/no)? yes

Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"mysql2", "encoding"=>"utf8", "collation"=>"utf8_general_ci", "reconnect"=>false, "database"=>"gitlabhq_production", "pool"=>10, "username"=>"git", "password"=>"gitpwd"}, {:charset=>"utf8", :collation=>"utf8_general_ci"}
(If you set the charset manually, make sure you have a matching collation)
-- enable_extension("plpgsql")
rake aborted!
Mysql2::Error: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

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#解决办法：
vim config/database.yml
#mysql.sock的位置指定，默认在/tmp目录下
socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

#============================
#问题二
#============================

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#报错信息：
Running /home/git/gitlab-shell/bin/check
Check GitLab API access: /home/git/gitlab-shell/lib/gitlab_net.rb:122:in `read': No such file or directory @ rb_sysopen - /home/git/gitlab-shell/.gitlab_shell_secret (Errno::ENOENT)
      from /home/git/gitlab-shell/lib/gitlab_net.rb:122:in `secret_token'
      from /home/git/gitlab-shell/lib/gitlab_net.rb:79:in `get'
      from /home/git/gitlab-shell/lib/gitlab_net.rb:39:in `check'
      from /home/git/gitlab-shell/bin/check:11:in `<main>''

#之前提到过的，由于gitlab-shell版本问题导致，按照我安装的版本应该没什么问题。

#============================
#问题三
#============================

遇到这类问题仔细检查几个文件

/home/git/gitlab/config/unicorn.rb：配置ruby提供的服务端口，ip

/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml：配置gitlab服务的端口，ip

/home/git/gitlab-shell/config.yml：配置gitlab-shell要调用的API接口

unicorn.rb：第40行改成

listen ”192.168.0.210:8000″, :tcp_nopush => true

gitlab.yml：第18行和第19行改成

host: 192.168.0.210
port: 8000

config.yml：第5行改成

gitlab_url: ”http://192.168.0.210:8000/“

切记这个端口不与nginx启动的端口冲突，完成后重启gitlab，登录www.gitlab.com进行登录

#============================
#问题四
#============================

编辑 gitlab.yml ，找到如下部分：

## Gravatargravatar:    enabled: true                 # Use user avatar image from Gravatar.com (default: true)
    # gravatar urls: possible placeholders: %{hash} %{size} %{email}
    # plain_url: "http://..."     # default: http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/%{hash}?s=%{size}&d=identicon
    # ssl_url:   "https://..."    # default: https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/%{hash}?s=%{size}&d=identicon

把 plain_url 的注释去掉，写成如下内容：

plain_url: "http://gravatar.duoshuo.com/avatar/%{hash}?s=%{size}&d=identicon"

重启服务

如果gitlab不是新搭建的，依然会有一些头像地址会指向原先的地址，需要执行下面的命令修正缓存数据

rake cache:clear RAILS_ENV=production

本文转自转身撞墙角 51CTO博客，原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/chentianwang/1713433

Gitlab完整搭建手册+排错

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