linux下安装新硬盘并加载使用手记
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一、过程步骤
1、#kudzu //检测新硬件，这一步必须！
2、#fdisk -l //查看是否找到新的硬盘，查看硬盘代号。
3、#fdisk /dev/sdb //为新硬盘分区，例如分成sdb1
#mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 //把新硬盘格式化成ext3格式
4、#mkdir /disk2 //创建新的挂载点
5、#mount /dev/sdb1 /disk2/ //手动挂载分区,把硬盘挂到/disk2目录下。
6、#vi /etc/fstab
/dev/sdb1 /disk2 ext3 auto 1 2 //设置为开机自动挂载分区。
二.详细过程
1、#kudzu //检测新硬件
2、查看硬盘代号
[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0×0007d856
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 25 200781 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 26 1305 10281600 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes <=新硬盘
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0×00000000
Disk /dev/sdb doesn’t contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/dm-0: 9395 MB, 9395240960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1142 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0×00000000
Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn’t contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/dm-1: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0×30307800
Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn’t contain a valid partition table
3、fdisk 分区
[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0×623223a1.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won’t be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0×0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): p <=显示信息
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0×623223a1
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n <=新建分区
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p <=新建主分区
Partition number (1-4): 1 <=分区号为1，即/dev/sdb1
First cylinder (1-261, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-261, default 261):
Using default value 261
Command (m for help): p <=显示分区信息
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0×623223a1
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 261 2096451 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w <=保存退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
4、创建挂载点
[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# mkdir /disk2
[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0×0007d856
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 25 200781 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 26 1305 10281600 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0×623223a1
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 261 2096451 83 Linux
Disk /dev/dm-0: 9395 MB, 9395240960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1142 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0×00000000
Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn’t contain a valid partition table
Disk /dev/dm-1: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0×30307800
Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn’t contain a valid partition table
[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# mke2fs -j /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.40.2 (12-Jul-2007)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
262144 inodes, 524112 blocks
26205 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912
16 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 36 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
5、设置为开机自动挂载分区
[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# vi /etc/fstab
/dev/sdb1 /disk2 ext3 auto 1 2
6、手动挂载分区
[root@AMD-LINUX ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /disk2/
