环境：master: 192.168.240.131
Slave: 192.168.240.130
需要复制的数据库：test
1. Master服务器启动mysql，
a) #mysql –uroot –proot
b) 创建一个有复制权限的用户，只限slave远程连接访问.
i. mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to navy@192.168.240.130 identified by ‘password’;
ii. mysql>flush privileges;
c) mysql>flush tables with read lock; #锁定master服务器所有表的写入。
d) 重新打开一终端，备份要复制的数据库。
i. #tar -zcvf test.tar.gz /data/mysql_db/test/ //test所在路径/data/mysql_db/test/即一个库。
ii. 将test.tar.gz复制到从服务器上并减压到相应的目录下
e) 返回上一终端。
i. Mysql>show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
|mysql-bin.000013| 106 | test | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
其中mysql-bin.000013和106二个值将是slave与master的同步点。
f) 给数据库解锁（当备份完成后） mysql>unlock tables;
g) 编辑mysql的配置文件。Vim /etc/my.cnf 设置这三个参数，没有的添加，有的直接更改即可。
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id = 1
binlog-do-db=test
保存退出。
2. Slave服务器配置
a) 将从master中备份的库解压到相应路径下（退库的导入）
i. #tar zxvf test.tar.gz
b) 修改my.cnf
server-id=2
master-host=192.168.240.131
master-user= navy
master-password= password
log-bin=
3. 重启master, slave的mysql服务
a) 注意顺序，先重启master-à 然后是slave.
b) Slave服务器重启后，登录mysql
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='192.168.0.3',
-> master_user='navy',
-> master_password='password',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000013',
-> master_log_pos=106;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.240.131
Master_User: navy
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000013
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Log_File: alan-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 235
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000013
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 98
Relay_Log_Space: 235
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
ERROR: No query specified
当这个参数都为yes时，证明主从复制成功
Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
设置只读：
Alter database dbname set READ_ONLY
恢复读写：
Alter DATABASE db_name SET READ_WRITE
本文出自 “屌丝运维男” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://navyaijm.blog.51cto.com/4647068/809419
