SQL Server 日常维护经典应用

SQL Server日常维护常用的一些脚本整理。
1.sql server开启clr权限：
exec sp_configure 'clr enabled', 1
GO
RECONFIGURE
GO
ALTER DATABASE <em>HWMESTC</em> SET TRUSTWORTHY ON
ALTER AUTHORIZATION ON Database::<em>HWMESTC</em> TO sa;

2.查询数据库大小
Exec sp_spaceused
select name, convert(float,size) * (8192.0/1024.0)/1024. from dbo.sysfiles

3.数据库日志压缩
--选择需要使用的数据库
USE<em> PIMS
</em>--将数据库模式设置为SIMPLE
ALTER DATABASE <em>PIMS</em> SET RECOVERY SIMPLE
-- 将日志文件收缩到1M
DBCC SHRINKFILE ('PIMS_log', 1)
-- 还原数据库
ALTER DATABASE <em>PIMS</em> SET RECOVERY FULL

4.查看数据库连接用户
Select * From sys.dm_exec_connections

5.查看当前占用 cpu 资源最高的会话和其中执行的语句(及时CPU)
select spid,cmd,cpu,physical_io,memusage,
(select top 1 [text] from ::fn_get_sql(sql_handle)) sql_text
from master..sysprocesses order by cpu desc,physical_io desc

6.查看缓存中重用次数少，占用内存大的查询语句（当前缓存中未释放的）--全局
SELECT TOP 100 usecounts, objtype, p.size_in_bytes,[sql].[text]
FROM sys.dm_exec_cached_plans p OUTER APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text (p.plan_handle) sql
ORDER BY usecounts,p.size_in_bytes desc

7.看BUFFER POOL中，都缓存了哪些表(当前数据库)的数据
select OBJECT_NAME(object_id) 表名,COUNT() 页数,COUNT()*8/1024.0 Mb
from sys.dm_os_buffer_descriptors a,sys.allocation_units b,sys.partitions c
where a.allocation_unit_id=b.allocation_unit_id
and b.container_id=c.hobt_id
and database_id=DB_ID()
group by OBJECT_NAME(object_id)
order by 2 desc

8.查询SQLSERVER内存使用情况
select * from sys.dm_os_process_memory

9.查询SqlServer总体的内存使用情况
select type,
sum(virtual_memory_reserved_kb)0.110/1024/1024 as vm_Reserved_gb,--保留的内存
sum(virtual_memory_committed_kb)0.110/1024/1024 as vm_Committed_gb,--提交的内存
sum(awe_allocated_kb)0.110/1024/1024 as awe_Allocated_gb,--开启AWE后使用的内存
sum(shared_memory_reserved_kb)0.110/1024/1024 as sm_Reserved_gb,--共享的保留内存
sum(shared_memory_committed_kb)0.110/1024/1024 as sm_Committed_gb--共享的提交内存
from sys.dm_os_memory_clerks
group by type
order by type

10.查询当前数据库缓存的所有数据页面，哪些数据表，缓存的数据页面数量
-- 查询当前数据库缓存的所有数据页面，哪些数据表，缓存的数据页面数量
-- 从这些信息可以看出，系统经常要访问的都是哪些表，有多大？
select p.object_id, object_name=object_name(p.object_id), p.index_id, buffer_pages=count(*)
from sys.allocation_units a,
sys.dm_os_buffer_descriptors b,
sys.partitions p
where a.allocation_unit_id=b.allocation_unit_id
and a.container_id=p.hobt_id
and b.database_id=db_id()
group by p.object_id,p.index_id
order by buffer_pages desc

11.查询缓存的各类执行计划，及分别占了多少内存
-- 查询缓存的各类执行计划，及分别占了多少内存
-- 可以对比动态查询与参数化SQL（预定义语句）的缓存量
select cacheobjtype
, objtype
, sum(cast(size_in_bytes as bigint))/1024 as size_in_kb
, count(bucketid) as cache_count
from sys.dm_exec_cached_plans
group by cacheobjtype, objtype
order by cacheobjtype, objtype

12.查询缓存中具体的执行计划，及对应的SQL
-- 查询缓存中具体的执行计划，及对应的SQL
-- 将此结果按照数据表或SQL进行统计，可以作为基线，调整索引时考虑
-- 查询结果会很大，注意将结果集输出到表或文件中
SELECT usecounts ,
refcounts ,
size_in_bytes ,
cacheobjtype ,
objtype ,
TEXT
FROM sys.dm_exec_cached_plans cp
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(plan_handle)
ORDER BY objtype DESC ;
GO

13.查询sql server内存整体使用情况
--查询sql server内存整体使用情况
SELECT object_name, cntr_value0.110/1024/1024 ,cntr_value,cntr_type,t.counter_name,t.instance_name
FROM sys.dm_os_performance_counters t
WHERE counter_name = 'Total Server Memory (KB)';

14.一次性清楚数据库所有表的数据
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_DeleteAllData
AS
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? DISABLE TRIGGER ALL'
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'DELETE FROM ?'
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? ENABLE TRIGGER ALL'
EXEC sp_MSFOREACHTABLE 'SELECT * FROM ?'
GO

15.SQL优化相关、执行时间
SELECT creation_time N'语句编译时间'
,last_execution_time N'上次执行时间'
,total_physical_reads N'物理读取总次数'
,total_logical_reads/execution_count N'每次逻辑读次数'
,total_logical_reads N'逻辑读取总次数'
,total_logical_writes N'逻辑写入总次数'
,execution_count N'执行次数'
,total_worker_time/1000 N'所用的CPU总时间ms'
,total_elapsed_time/1000 N'总花费时间ms'
,(total_elapsed_time / execution_count)/1000 N'平均时间ms'
,SUBSTRING(st.text, (qs.statement_start_offset/2) + 1,
((CASE statement_end_offset
WHEN -1 THEN DATALENGTH(st.text)
ELSE qs.statement_end_offset END

• qs.statement_start_offset)/2) + 1) N'执行语句'
  FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats AS qs
  CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(qs.sql_handle) st
  WHERE SUBSTRING(st.text, (qs.statement_start_offset/2) + 1,
  ((CASE statement_end_offset
  WHEN -1 THEN DATALENGTH(st.text)
  ELSE qs.statement_end_offset END
• qs.statement_start_offset)/2) + 1) NOT LIKE '%fetch%'
  ORDER BY total_elapsed_time / execution_count DESC;

16.truncate外键表存储过程
USE PIMS
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_Truncate_Table]
@TableToTruncate VARCHAR(64)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON
--==变量定义
DECLARE @i int
DECLARE @Debug bit
DECLARE @Recycle bit
DECLARE @Verbose bit
DECLARE @TableName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ColumnName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ReferencedTableName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ReferencedColumnName varchar(80)
DECLARE @ConstraintName varchar(250)
DECLARE @CreateStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @DropStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @TruncateStatement varchar(max)
DECLARE @CreateStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @DropStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @TruncateStatementTemp varchar(max)
DECLARE @Statement varchar(max)
SET @Debug = 0--(0:将执行相关语句|1:不执行语句)
SET @Recycle = 0--(0:不创建/不清除存储表|1:将创建/清理存储表)
set @Verbose = 1--(1:每步执行均打印消息|0:不打印消息)
SET @i = 1
SET @CreateStatement = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[<tablename>] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [<constraintname>] FOREIGN KEY([<column>]) REFERENCES [dbo].[<reftable>] ([<refcolumn>])'
SET @DropStatement = 'ALTER TABLE [dbo].[<tablename>] DROP CONSTRAINT [<constraintname>]'
SET @TruncateStatement = 'TRUNCATE TABLE [<tablename>]'
-- 创建外键临时表
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#FKs') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #FKs
-- 获取外键
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id), clm1.name) as ID,
OBJECT_NAME(constraint_object_id) as ConstraintName,
OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) as TableName,
clm1.name as ColumnName,
OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) as ReferencedTableName,
clm2.name as ReferencedColumnName
INTO #FKs
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns fk
JOIN sys.columns clm1 ON fk.parent_column_id = clm1.column_id AND fk.parent_object_id = clm1.object_id
JOIN sys.columns clm2 ON fk.referenced_column_id = clm2.column_id AND fk.referenced_object_id= clm2.object_id
--WHERE OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) not in ('//tables that you do not wont to be truncated')
WHERE OBJECT_NAME(referenced_object_id) = @TableToTruncate
ORDER BY OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id)
-- 外键操作(删除|重建)表
IF Not EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'Internal_FK_Definition_Storage')
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '1. 正在创建表(Internal_FK_Definition_Storage)...'
CREATE TABLE [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
(
ID int not null identity(1,1) primary key,
FK_Name varchar(250) not null,
FK_CreationStatement varchar(max) not null,
FK_DestructionStatement varchar(max) not null,
Table_TruncationStatement varchar(max) not null
)
END
ELSE
BEGIN
IF @Recycle = 0
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '1. 正在清理表(Internal_FK_Definition_Storage)...'
TRUNCATE TABLE [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
END
ELSE
PRINT '1. 正在清理表(Internal_FK_Definition_Storage)...'
END
IF @Recycle = 0
BEGIN
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '2. 正在备份外键定义...'
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM #FKs))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT ConstraintName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @TableName = (SELECT TableName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ColumnName = (SELECT ColumnName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ReferencedTableName = (SELECT ReferencedTableName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @ReferencedColumnName = (SELECT ReferencedColumnName FROM #FKs WHERE ID = @i)
SET @DropStatementTemp = REPLACE(REPLACE(@DropStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName),'<constraintname>',@ConstraintName)
SET @CreateStatementTemp = REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(@CreateStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName),'<column>',@ColumnName),'<constraintname>',@ConstraintName),'<reftable>',@ReferencedTableName),'<refcolumn>',@ReferencedColumnName)
SET @TruncateStatementTemp = REPLACE(@TruncateStatement,'<tablename>',@TableName)
INSERT INTO [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]
SELECT @ConstraintName, @CreateStatementTemp, @DropStatementTemp, @TruncateStatementTemp
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > 已备份外键:[' + @ConstraintName + '] 所属表: [' + @TableName + ']'
END
END
ELSE
PRINT '2. 正在备份外键定义...'
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '3. 正在删除外键...'
BEGIN TRAN
BEGIN TRY
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT FK_Name FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
SET @Statement = (SELECT FK_DestructionStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WITH (NOLOCK) WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statementbr/>ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > 已删除外键:[' + @ConstraintName + ']'
END
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '4. 正在清理数据表...'
--先清除该外键所在表(由于外键所在表仍可能又被其他外键所引用，因此需要循环递归处理)(注：本处理未实现)
--请不要使用下面注释代码
/
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @Statement = (SELECT Table_TruncationStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statementbr/>ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > ' + @Statement
END
/
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT 'TRUNCATE TABLE [' + @TableToTruncate + ']'
ELSE
EXEC('TRUNCATE TABLE [' + @TableToTruncate + ']')
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > 已清理数据表[' + @TableToTruncate + ']'
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '5. 正在重建外键...'
SET @i = 1
WHILE (@i <= (SELECT MAX(ID) FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage]))
BEGIN
SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT FK_Name FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
SET @Statement = (SELECT FK_CreationStatement FROM [Internal_FK_Definition_Storage] WHERE ID = @i)
IF @Debug = 1
PRINT @Statementbr/>ELSE
EXEC(@Statement)
SET @i = @i + 1
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT ' > 已重建外键:[' + @ConstraintName + ']'
END
COMMIT
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
ROLLBACK
PRINT '出错信息:'+ERROR_MESSAGE()
END CATCH
IF @Verbose = 1
PRINT '6. 处理完成！'
END

本文转自51GT51CTO博客，原文链接： http://blog.51cto.com/yataigp/2043357，如需转载请自行联系原作者