主/备模式高可用keepalived+{nginx(proxy)|lvs}
两台主机：httpd+php+Discuz!+phpMyAdmin
一台主机：memcached用来缓存php的session；
一台主机：mysql-server或mariadb-server；
实验规划：
这里我规划用备用模式高可用两台keepalived+nginx(proxy)服务器作为前端代理，两台主机httpd+php+MariaDB+Discuz作为后端真实机，memcached放在第一台director上用来缓存php的session，最后用一台ansible主机实现对所有主机的部署调用。
ansible主机：172.16.1.7
director1(nginx+keepalived+memcached)：172.16.1.10，虚拟ip：172.16.1.100
director2(nginx+keepalived)：172.16.1.5
RS1(Apache+php+MariaDB)：172.16.1.3
RS2(Apache+php+MariaDB)：172.16.1.6
拓扑图如下：
注意：
1.把所有节点的防火墙和SElinux关闭，避免对实验干扰。
2.同步所有节点的时间。
当部署完所有的应用后，生成如下所以的文件和子文件。
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[root@zj07 ansible]
# tree
.
├── ansible.cfg
├── files
│ └── nginx.conf
├── hosts
├── playbooks
│ ├── amp.yml
│ ├── first.retry
│ ├── first.yml
│ ├── ngx.retry
│ └── ngx.yml
├── roles
│ ├── amp
│ │ ├── default
│ │ ├── files
│ │ │ └── db.sh
│ │ ├── handlers
│ │ ├── tasks
│ │ │ └── main.yml
│ │ ├── templates
│ │ └── vars
│ ├── keepalived
│ │ ├── default
│ │ ├── files
│ │ ├── handlers
│ │ │ └── main.yml
│ │ ├── tasks
│ │ │ └── main.yml
│ │ ├── templates
│ │ │ └── keepalived.conf.j2
│ │ └── vars
│ ├── memcached
│ │ ├── default
│ │ ├── files
│ │ │ └── Discuz_X3.2_SC_UTF8.zip
│ │ ├── handlers
│ │ │ └── main.yml
│ │ ├── tasks
│ │ │ └── main.yml
│ │ ├── templates
│ │ │ ├── php.ini.j2
│ │ │ └── sessstore.php.j2
│ │ └── vars
│ ├── memcached1
│ │ ├── default
│ │ ├── files
│ │ ├── handlers
│ │ ├── tasks
│ │ │ └── main.yml
│ │ ├── templates
│ │ └── vars
│ └── nginx
│ ├── default
│ ├── files
│ │ ├── default.conf.j2
│ │ └── ip_forward.sh
│ ├── handlers
│ │ └── main.yml
│ ├── tasks
│ │ └── main.yml
│ ├── templates
│ │ ├── nginx.conf.j2
│ │ └── nginx.repo.j2
│ └── vars
├── zrs.retry
└── zrs.yml
36 directories, 29 files
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下面开始部署
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
配置ansible主机
1.yum -y install ansible
2.
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vim
/etc/ansible/hosts
[knsrvs]
172.16.1.10 STATE=MASTER PRI=100
172.16.1.5 STATE=BACKUP PRI=98
[websrvs]
172.16.1.3
172.16.1.6
[memcached1]
172.16.1.10
[memcached]
172.16.1.3
172.16.1.6
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3.建立免秘钥登陆，发给所以主机
ssh-keygen -t rsa -f .ssh/id_rsa -P ''
ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.16.1.10
ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.16.1.5
ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.16.1.3
ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.16.1.6
ansible all -m ping测试连通性
4.在ansible主机上安装nginx和keepalived和php-fpm，以便ansible过程中需要使用其配置文件
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
keepalived配置
1.mkdir /etc/ansible/roles/keepalived/{files,tasks,templates,handlers,vars,default} -pv
2.vim /etc/ansible/roles/keepalived/tasks/main.yml
3.vim /etc/ansible/roles/keepalived/handlers/main.yml
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- name: restart keepalived server
service: name=keepalived state=restarted
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4.复制刚才安装的keepalived主配置文件到指定目录,并修改如下
vim /etc/ansible/roles/keepalived/template/keepalived.conf.j2
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! Configuration File
for
keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
root@localhost
}
notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id node1
vrrp_mcast_group4 224.0.43.100
}
vrrp_script ngx_server {
script
"killal -0 nginx"
interval 1
weight -5
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state {{ STATE }}
interface eno16777736
virtual_router_id 43
priority {{ PRI }}
advert_int 1
track_script ngx_server
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass zrs66zrs
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.1.100
/32
brd 172.16.1.100 dev eno16777736 label eno16777736:0
}
}
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
nginx的配置：
1.mkdir /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/{files,tasks,templates,handlers,vars,default} -pv
2.vim /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/tasks/main.yml
3.vim /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/templates/nginx.repo.j2
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[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http:
//nginx
.org
/packages/centos/7/
$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
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复制刚才安装的nginx主配置文件到指定目录,并修改如下
vim /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/templates/nginx.conf.j2
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user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log
/var/log/nginx/error
.log warn;
pid
/var/run/nginx
.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include
/etc/nginx/mime
.types;
default_type application
/octet-stream
;
log_format main
'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'
;
access_log
/var/log/nginx/access
.log main;
upstream amp {
server 172.16.1.3;
server 172.16.1.6;
}
server {
listen 80;
location / {
proxy_pass http:
//amp
;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
}
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
include
/etc/nginx/conf
.d/*.conf;
}
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4.复制刚才安装的nginx主配置文件到指定目录,并修改如下
vim /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/files/default.conf.j2
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server {
listen 80 default_server;
server_name localhost;
include
/etc/nginx/default
.d/*.conf;
location / {
root
/usr/share/nginx/html
;
proxy_pass http:
//amp
;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 404
/404
.html;
location =
/404
.html {
root
/usr/share/nginx/html
;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504
/50x
.html;
location =
/50x
.html {
root
/usr/share/nginx/html
;
}
}
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5.创建ip_forward脚本，开启前端代理服务器的核心转发功能
vim /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/files/ip_forward.sh
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#!/bin/bash
#
echo
> 1
/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
amp的配置：
1.mkdir /etc/ansible/roles/amp/{files,tasks,templates,handlers,vars,default} -pv
2.vim /etc/ansible/roles/amp/tasks/main.yml
3.创建testdb数据库，和授权用户访问
vim /etc/ansible/roles/amp/files/db.sh
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#!/bin/bash
#
mysql -u root -e "
create database testdb;
grant all on testdb.* TO
'testuser'
@
'localhost'
IDENTIFIED BY
'123456'
;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
memcached配置
memcached缓存服务器为第一台调度器即172.16.1.10服务器，所以单独配置为memcached1
1.mkdir /etc/ansible/roles/memcached1/{files,tasks,templates,handlers,vars,default} -pv
2.vim /etc/ansible/roles/memcached1/tasks/main.yml
后端服务器上的配置
3.mkdir /etc/ansible/roles/memcached/{files,tasks,templates,handlers,vars,default} -pv
4.vim /etc/ansible/roles/memcached/tasks/main.yml
说明：
第二个任务：在本机安装php-fpm即可出现并修改/etc/php.ini该配置文件中的[Session]段中的缓存路径为如下，
session.save_handler = memcache
session.save_handler = "tcp://172.16.1.10:11211"
第四个任务：是建立一个缓存测试页面
vim /etc/ansible/roles/memcached/templates/sessstore.php
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<?php
$mem = new Memcache;
$mem->connect(
"172.16.1.10"
, 11211) or die(
"Could not connect"
);
$version = $mem->getVersion();
echo
"Server's version: "
.$version.
"<br/>\n"
;
$mem->
set
(
'hellokey'
,
'Hello World'
, 0, 600) or die(
"Failed to save data at the memcached server"
);
echo
"Store data in the cache (data will expire in 600 seconds)<br/>\n"
;
$get_result = $mem->get(
'hellokey'
);
echo
"$get_result is from memcached server."
;
?>
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第五个任务：将Discuz安装包放置在该目录下，传送到后端主机的指定目录。
第六个任务：解压该压缩包并赋予制定用户的权限
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
创建主配置文件，并且调用roles：
vim /etc/ansible/zrs.yml
配置完成
先测试运行一下ansible-playbook --check zrs.yml，因为有的主机已经安装了某些软件，所以测试显示的是changed或者ok或者skipping
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[root@zj07 ansible]
# ansible-playbook --check zrs.yml
PLAY [knsrvs] **************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [172.16.1.10]
ok: [172.16.1.5]
TASK [keepalived :
install
keepalived] *************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.5]
changed: [172.16.1.10]
TASK [keepalived :
install
conf
file
] **************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.10]
changed: [172.16.1.5]
TASK [keepalived : start keepalived] ***************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.10]
changed: [172.16.1.5]
TASK [nginx : copy nginx repo] *********************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.5]
ok: [172.16.1.10]
TASK [nginx :
install
nginx] ***********************************************************
ok: [172.16.1.10]
changed: [172.16.1.5]
TASK [nginx : copy conf
file
] **********************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.10]
changed: [172.16.1.5]
TASK [nginx : reload nginx] ************************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.10]
changed: [172.16.1.5]
TASK [nginx : start nginx] *************************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.5]
ok: [172.16.1.10]
TASK [nginx : ip_forward] **************************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.5]
changed: [172.16.1.10]
RUNNING HANDLER [keepalived : restart keepalived server] *******************************
changed: [172.16.1.5]
changed: [172.16.1.10]
PLAY [websrvs] *************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [172.16.1.6]
ok: [172.16.1.3]
TASK [amp :
install
apache-php-mysql some package on CentOS 6] *************************
skipping: [172.16.1.3] => (item=[])
skipping: [172.16.1.6] => (item=[])
TASK [amp :
install
apache-php-mysql some package on CentOS 7] *************************
ok: [172.16.1.6] => (item=[u
'httpd'
, u
'mariadb-server'
, u
'php-fpm'
, u
'php-mysql'
])
changed: [172.16.1.3] => (item=[u
'httpd'
, u
'mariadb-server'
, u
'php-fpm'
, u
'php-mysql'
])
TASK [amp : start apm server] **********************************************************
skipping: [172.16.1.3] => (item=httpd)
skipping: [172.16.1.3] => (item=mysqld)
skipping: [172.16.1.6] => (item=httpd)
skipping: [172.16.1.6] => (item=mysqld)
TASK [amp : start apm server] **********************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.6] => (item=httpd)
changed: [172.16.1.3] => (item=httpd)
changed: [172.16.1.6] => (item=mariadb)
changed: [172.16.1.3] => (item=mariadb)
PLAY [memcached1] **********************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [172.16.1.10]
TASK [memcached1 :
install
memcached] **************************************************
ok: [172.16.1.10]
TASK [memcached1 : start memcached] ****************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.10]
PLAY [memcached] ***********************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] *****************************************************************
ok: [172.16.1.6]
ok: [172.16.1.3]
TASK [memcached :
install
memcached php session] ***************************************
ok: [172.16.1.3]
ok: [172.16.1.6]
TASK [memcached : transfer php session conf] *******************************************
changed: [172.16.1.3]
changed: [172.16.1.6]
TASK [memcached : reload httpd] ********************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.6]
changed: [172.16.1.3]
TASK [memcached : copy sessstore
file
] *************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.6]
changed: [172.16.1.3]
TASK [memcached : copy discuz
file
] ****************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.6]
changed: [172.16.1.3]
TASK [memcached :
tar
discuz] **********************************************************
changed: [172.16.1.6]
changed: [172.16.1.3]
PLAY RECAP *****************************************************************************
172.16.1.10 : ok=14 changed=8 unreachable=0 failed=0
172.16.1.3 : ok=10 changed=7 unreachable=0 failed=0
172.16.1.5 : ok=11 changed=10 unreachable=0 failed=0
172.16.1.6 : ok=10 changed=6 unreachable=0 failed=0
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测试没问题，查看缓存页面是否成功，显示没问题。
开始运行
ansible-playbook zrs.yml
客户端查看，成功。
本文转自 Runs_ 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/12667170/1981480，如需转载请自行联系原作者
