Linux安装cx_Oracles
环境背景
系统:CentOS6.8
python:Python 2.7.13 |Anaconda 4.3.1 (64-bit)
cx_Oracle模块:5.0.4
Oracle:11.2.0.1.0
Oracle客户端:11.2.0.1.0
1、下载
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linuxx86-64soft-092277.html
从 下载链接 下载下面两个文件
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oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.zip
instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-11.2.0.1.0.zip
#注这里要根据连接数据库的版本来定,安装的客户端一定要选择基础版本,不要选instantclient11.2-basiclite
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解压这两个文件到/opt/instantclient_11_2目录下
2、设置环境变量
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# vim /etc/profile #文件尾部添加
export
ORACLE_HOME=
/opt/instantclient_11_2/
export
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME
# source /etc/profile
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3、安装cx_Oracle
安装cx_Oracle之前需要先建立一个链接libclntsh.so,如下:
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cd
/opt/instantclient_11_2/
ln
-s libclntsh.so.11.1 libclntsh.so
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下载cx_Oracle
https://sourceforge.net/projects/cx-oracle/files/5.0.4/
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# tar -xf cx_Oracle-5.0.4.tar.gz
# cd cx_Oracle-5.0.4
# python setup.py install
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测试:
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>>>
import
cx_Oracle
/root/
.pyenv
/versions/anaconda2-4
.3.1
/lib/python2
.7
/site-packages/cx_Oracle-5
.0.4-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg
/cx_Oracle
.py:3: UserWarning: Module cx_Oracle was already imported from
/root/
.pyenv
/versions/anaconda2-4
.3.1
/lib/python2
.7
/site-packages/cx_Oracle-5
.0.4-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg
/cx_Oracle
.pyc, but
/opt/cx_Oracle-5
.0.4 is being added to sys.path
>>>
>>> print cx_Oracle.version
5.0.4
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4、测试数据库连接
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>>>
import
cx_Oracle as cx
>>> db=cx.connect(
'finchina/123456@192.168.1.236/orcl'
)
>>> print db.version
11.2.0.1.0
>>> db.close()
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FAQ整理:
问题1: conn0=cx.connect('finchina/123456@192.168.1.236:1521/orcl')
cx_Oracle.InterfaceError: Unable to acquire Oracle environment handle
解决方案:这里要保证你安装的instantclient和需要连接的数据库版本一致。下载
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oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.zip
instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-11.2.0.1.0.zip
windows出现这个问题
复制 client下所有的.dll文件到python安装包site_pageages目录中即可
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然后按照上文进行配置就即可。
问题2: conn0=cx.connect('finchina/123456@192.168.1.236:1521/orcl')
cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: ORA-28547: connection to server failed, probable Oracle Net admin error
解决方案:
重新安装 cx_Oracle5.0.4
重装安装 instantclient11.2-basic
下面选段来自Oracle客户端下载地址:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linuxx86-64soft-092277.html
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Instant Client Package - Basic: All files required to run OCI, OCCI, and JDBC-OCI applications
#注释:即时客户端软件包 - 基本:运行OCI,OCCI和JDBC-OCI应用程序所需的所有文件
oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.zip (48,338,185 bytes) (cksum - 15985569)
oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm (47,811,007 bytes) (cksum - 4244105838)
Instant Client Package - Basic Light: Smaller version of the Basic, with only English error messages and Unicode, ASCII, and Western European character
set
support
#注释:即时客户端软件包 - 基本轻量:较小版本的Basic,只有英文错误消息和Unicode,ASCII和西欧字符集支持,阿西吧!,原来是字符集问题
oracle-instantclient11.2-basiclite-11.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.zip (20,825,489 bytes) (cksum - 133027975)
oracle-instantclient11.2-basiclite-11.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm (20,649,392 bytes) (cksum - 1121446971)
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总结:
问题很严重,遇到问题,胡乱百度,无思路的Google,反而拖慢解决问题的节奏。希望这次之后,遇到任何问题都能:理清思路,将问题拆分,然后逐个击破
问题3:ImportError: libclntsh.so.11.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决方案:
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cd
/opt/instantclient_11_2
ln
-sv libclntsh.so.11.1 libclntsh.so
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