kvm虚拟机的克隆分为两种情况，本文也就通过以下两种情况进行克隆，克隆虚拟机为CentOS6.5x86_64。
(1) KVM主机本机虚拟机直接克隆。
(2) 通过复制配置文件与磁盘文件的虚拟机复制克隆(适用于异机的静态迁移)。
1. 本机虚拟机直接克隆
(1) 查看虚拟机配置文件
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[root@node1 ~]
# cat /etc/libvirt/qemu/CentOS6.5-01.xml
<!--
WARNING: THIS IS AN AUTO-GENERATED FILE. CHANGES TO IT ARE LIKELY TO BE
OVERWRITTEN AND LOST. Changes to this xml configuration should be made using:
virsh edit CentOS6.5-01
or other application using the libvirt API.
-->
<domain
type
=
'kvm'
>
<name>CentOS6.5-01<
/name
>
<uuid>7d48f7b5-2fbf-91a9-2c3f-e52ba6079c8e<
/uuid
>
<memory unit=
'KiB'
>1048576<
/memory
>
<currentMemory unit=
'KiB'
>1048576<
/currentMemory
>
<vcpu placement=
'static'
>1<
/vcpu
>
<os>
<
type
arch=
'x86_64'
machine=
'rhel6.6.0'
>hvm<
/type
>
<boot dev=
'hd'
/>
<
/os
>
<features>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
<pae/>
<
/features
>
<clock offset=
'utc'
/>
<on_poweroff>destroy<
/on_poweroff
>
<on_reboot>restart<
/on_reboot
>
<on_crash>restart<
/on_crash
>
<devices>
<emulator>
/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm
<
/emulator
>
<disk
type
=
'file'
device=
'disk'
>
<driver name=
'qemu'
type
=
'raw'
cache=
'none'
/>
<
source
file
=
'/data/kvm/CentOS6.5-01.img'
/>
<target dev=
'vda'
bus=
'virtio'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x05'
function
=
'0x0'
/>
<
/disk
>
<disk
type
=
'block'
device=
'cdrom'
>
<driver name=
'qemu'
type
=
'raw'
/>
<target dev=
'hdc'
bus=
'ide'
/>
<
readonly
/>
<address
type
=
'drive'
controller=
'0'
bus=
'1'
target=
'0'
unit=
'0'
/>
<
/disk
>
<controller
type
=
'usb'
index=
'0'
model=
'ich9-ehci1'
>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x04'
function
=
'0x7'
/>
<
/controller
>
<controller
type
=
'usb'
index=
'0'
model=
'ich9-uhci1'
>
<master startport=
'0'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x04'
function
=
'0x0'
multifunction=
'on'
/>
<
/controller
>
<controller
type
=
'usb'
index=
'0'
model=
'ich9-uhci2'
>
<master startport=
'2'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x04'
function
=
'0x1'
/>
<
/controller
>
<controller
type
=
'usb'
index=
'0'
model=
'ich9-uhci3'
>
<master startport=
'4'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x04'
function
=
'0x2'
/>
<
/controller
>
<controller
type
=
'ide'
index=
'0'
>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x01'
function
=
'0x1'
/>
<
/controller
>
<interface
type
=
'bridge'
>
<mac address=
'52:54:00:56:9a:7f'
/>
<
source
bridge=
'br0'
/>
<model
type
=
'virtio'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x03'
function
=
'0x0'
/>
<
/interface
>
<serial
type
=
'pty'
>
<target port=
'0'
/>
<
/serial
>
<console
type
=
'pty'
>
<target
type
=
'serial'
port=
'0'
/>
<
/console
>
<input
type
=
'mouse'
bus=
'ps2'
/>
<graphics
type
=
'vnc'
port=
'5910'
autoport=
'no'
listen=
'0.0.0.0'
>
<listen
type
=
'address'
address=
'0.0.0.0'
/>
<
/graphics
>
<video>
<model
type
=
'cirrus'
vram=
'9216'
heads=
'1'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x02'
function
=
'0x0'
/>
<
/video
>
<memballoon model=
'virtio'
>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x06'
function
=
'0x0'
/>
<
/memballoon
>
<
/devices
>
<
/domain
>
[root@node1 ~]
#
|
虚拟机磁盘文件: /data/kvm/CentOS6.5-01.img
虚拟机名称：CentOS6.5-01
（2) 开始克隆
# virt-clone -o CentOS6.5-01 -n CentOS6.5-02 -f /data/kvm/CentOS6.5-02.img
说明：以CentOS6.5-01做为源，克隆CentOS6.5-01虚拟机，并创建名称为CentOS6.5-02虚拟机，使用磁盘文件/data/kvm/CentOS6.5-02.img
注：Domain with devices to clone must be paused or shutoff
(3) 启动虚拟机并配置主机名，IP地址等
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[root@node1 ~]
# virsh console CentOS6.5-02
Connected to domain CentOS6.5-02
Escape character is ^]
Welcome to CentOS
Starting udev: G[ OK ]
Setting
hostname
CentOS6.5-01: [ OK ]
Setting up Logical Volume Management: No volume
groups
found
[ OK ]
Checking filesystems
Checking all
file
systems.
[
/sbin/fsck
.ext4 (1) -- /]
fsck
.ext4 -a
/dev/vda3
/dev/vda3
: clean, 64707
/413712
files, 435066
/1652480
blocks
[
/sbin/fsck
.ext4 (1) --
/boot
]
fsck
.ext4 -a
/dev/vda1
/dev/vda1
: Superblock last write
time
is
in
the future.
(by
less
than a day, probably due to the hardware clock being incorrectly
set
). FIXED.
/dev/vda1
: clean, 38
/51200
files, 36139
/204800
blocks
[ OK ]
Remounting root filesystem
in
read
-write mode: [ OK ]
Mounting
local
filesystems: [ OK ]
Enabling
local
filesystem quotas: [ OK ]
Enabling
/etc/fstab
swaps: [ OK ]
Entering non-interactive startup
Calling the system activity data collector (sadc)...
ip6tables: Applying firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Applying firewall rules: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: Device eth0 does not seem to be present, delaying initialization.
[FAILED]
Starting auditd: [ OK ]
Starting system logger: [ OK ]
Starting irqbalance: [ OK ]
Starting kdump:[FAILED]
Starting system message bus: [ OK ]
Mounting filesystems: [ OK ]
Starting acpi daemon: [ OK ]
Starting HAL daemon: [ OK ]
Retrigger failed udev events[ OK ]
Adding udev persistent rules[ OK ]
Starting sshd: [ OK ]
Starting postfix: [ OK ]
Starting abrt daemon: [ OK ]
Starting crond: [ OK ]
Starting atd: [ OK ]
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
Kernel 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 on an x86_64
CentOS6.5-01 login: root
Password:
Last login: Wed Nov 22 13:10:59 from 192.168.21.128
[root@CentOS6 ~]
#
|
(4) 修改主机名，IP地址等
修改主机名
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[root@CentOS6 ~]
# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=
yes
HOSTNAME=CentOS6.5-02
GATEWAY=10.10.172.1
[root@CentOS6 ~]
# hostname CentOS6.5-02
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修改IP地址
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[root@CentOS6 ~]
# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=77733023-71ab-41bf-9cfb-2a2a5510857a
ONBOOT=
yes
NM_CONTROLLED=
yes
BOOTPROTO=none
HWADDR=52:54:00:56:9A:7F
IPADDR=10.10.172.243
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=10.10.172.1
DNS1=192.168.172.208
DNS2=192.168.172.209
DEFROUTE=
yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=
yes
IPV6INIT=no
NAME=
"System eth0"
[root@CentOS6 ~]
#
|
重启网卡服务：
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[root@CentOS6 ~]
# service network restart
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: Device eth0 does not seem to be present, delaying initialization.
[FAILED]
[root@CentOS6 ~]
#
|
2. 复制配置文件与磁盘文件克隆
(1) 导入kvm虚拟机配置文件
这里采用oeltest01做为模板，进行克隆。
# virsh shutdown CentOS6.5-01
# virsh dumpxml CentOS6.5-01 > /etc/libvirt/qemu/CentOS6.5-03.xml
(2) 复制kvm虚拟机磁盘文件
本系列文章都是采用虚拟磁盘文件进行测试，没有使用lvm卷。
通过查看配置文件：虚拟磁盘位置<source file='/data/kvm/CentOS6.5-01.img'/>
(3) 直接编辑修改配置文件
修改name,uuid,disk位置,vnc端口
此时还是将该配置文件注册进来，无法通过virsh edit进行编辑。
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[root@node1 kvm]
# cat /etc/libvirt/qemu/CentOS6.5-03.xml
<domain
type
=
'kvm'
id
=
'17'
>
<name>CentOS6.5-03<
/name
>
<uuid>7d48f7b5-2fbf-91a9-2c3f-e52ba6079c8d<
/uuid
>
<memory unit=
'KiB'
>1048576<
/memory
>
<currentMemory unit=
'KiB'
>1048576<
/currentMemory
>
<vcpu placement=
'static'
>1<
/vcpu
>
<os>
<
type
arch=
'x86_64'
machine=
'rhel6.6.0'
>hvm<
/type
>
<boot dev=
'hd'
/>
<
/os
>
<features>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
<pae/>
<
/features
>
<clock offset=
'utc'
/>
<on_poweroff>destroy<
/on_poweroff
>
<on_reboot>restart<
/on_reboot
>
<on_crash>restart<
/on_crash
>
<devices>
<emulator>
/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm
<
/emulator
>
<disk
type
=
'file'
device=
'disk'
>
<driver name=
'qemu'
type
=
'raw'
cache=
'none'
/>
<
source
file
=
'/data/kvm/CentOS6.5-03.img'
/>
<target dev=
'vda'
bus=
'virtio'
/>
<
alias
name=
'virtio-disk0'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x05'
function
=
'0x0'
/>
<
/disk
>
<disk
type
=
'block'
device=
'cdrom'
>
<driver name=
'qemu'
type
=
'raw'
/>
<target dev=
'hdc'
bus=
'ide'
/>
<
readonly
/>
<
alias
name=
'ide0-1-0'
/>
<address
type
=
'drive'
controller=
'0'
bus=
'1'
target=
'0'
unit=
'0'
/>
<
/disk
>
<controller
type
=
'usb'
index=
'0'
model=
'ich9-ehci1'
>
<
alias
name=
'usb0'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x04'
function
=
'0x7'
/>
<
/controller
>
<controller
type
=
'usb'
index=
'0'
model=
'ich9-uhci1'
>
<
alias
name=
'usb0'
/>
<master startport=
'0'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x04'
function
=
'0x0'
multifunction=
'on'
/>
<
/controller
>
<controller
type
=
'usb'
index=
'0'
model=
'ich9-uhci2'
>
<
alias
name=
'usb0'
/>
<master startport=
'2'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x04'
function
=
'0x1'
/>
<
/controller
>
<controller
type
=
'usb'
index=
'0'
model=
'ich9-uhci3'
>
<
alias
name=
'usb0'
/>
<master startport=
'4'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x04'
function
=
'0x2'
/>
<
/controller
>
<controller
type
=
'ide'
index=
'0'
>
<
alias
name=
'ide0'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x01'
function
=
'0x1'
/>
<
/controller
>
<interface
type
=
'bridge'
>
<mac address=
'52:54:00:56:9a:7f'
/>
<
source
bridge=
'br0'
/>
<target dev=
'vnet1'
/>
<model
type
=
'virtio'
/>
<
alias
name=
'net0'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x03'
function
=
'0x0'
/>
<
/interface
>
<serial
type
=
'pty'
>
<
source
path=
'/dev/pts/2'
/>
<target port=
'0'
/>
<
alias
name=
'serial0'
/>
<
/serial
>
<console
type
=
'pty'
tty
=
'/dev/pts/2'
>
<
source
path=
'/dev/pts/2'
/>
<target
type
=
'serial'
port=
'0'
/>
<
alias
name=
'serial0'
/>
<
/console
>
<input
type
=
'mouse'
bus=
'ps2'
/>
<graphics
type
=
'vnc'
port=
'5913'
autoport=
'no'
listen=
'0.0.0.0'
>
<listen
type
=
'address'
address=
'0.0.0.0'
/>
<
/graphics
>
<video>
<model
type
=
'cirrus'
vram=
'9216'
heads=
'1'
/>
<
alias
name=
'video0'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x02'
function
=
'0x0'
/>
<
/video
>
<memballoon model=
'virtio'
>
<
alias
name=
'balloon0'
/>
<address
type
=
'pci'
domain=
'0x0000'
bus=
'0x00'
slot=
'0x06'
function
=
'0x0'
/>
<
/memballoon
>
<
/devices
>
<
/domain
>
|
(4) 定义新虚拟机配置文件
[root@node1 kvm]# virsh define /etc/libvirt/qemu/CentOS6.5-03.xml
启动虚拟机
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[root@node1 kvm]
# virsh start CentOS6.5-03
Domain CentOS6.5-03 started
|
(5) 登录虚拟机进行主机名，IP等修改
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[root@node1 kvm]
# virsh console CentOS6.5-03
Connected to domain CentOS6.5-03
Escape character is ^]
Welcome to CentOS
Starting udev: G[ OK ]
Setting
hostname
CentOS6.5-01: [ OK ]
Setting up Logical Volume Management: No volume
groups
found
[ OK ]
Checking filesystems
Checking all
file
systems.
[
/sbin/fsck
.ext4 (1) -- /]
fsck
.ext4 -a
/dev/vda3
/dev/vda3
: clean, 64734
/413712
files, 435081
/1652480
blocks
[
/sbin/fsck
.ext4 (1) --
/boot
]
fsck
.ext4 -a
/dev/vda1
/dev/vda1
: recovering journal
/dev/vda1
: clean, 38
/51200
files, 36139
/204800
blocks
[ OK ]
Remounting root filesystem
in
read
-write mode: [ OK ]
Mounting
local
filesystems: [ OK ]
Enabling
local
filesystem quotas: [ OK ]
Enabling
/etc/fstab
swaps: [ OK ]
Entering non-interactive startup
Calling the system activity data collector (sadc)...
ip6tables: Applying firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Applying firewall rules: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: Determining
if
ip address 10.10.172.241 is already
in
use
for
device eth0...
[ OK ]
Starting auditd: [ OK ]
Starting system logger: [ OK ]
Starting irqbalance: [ OK ]
Starting kdump:[FAILED]
Starting system message bus: [ OK ]
Mounting filesystems: [ OK ]
Starting acpi daemon: [ OK ]
Starting HAL daemon: [ OK ]
Retrigger failed udev events[ OK ]
Starting sshd: [ OK ]
Starting postfix: [ OK ]
Starting abrt daemon: [ OK ]
Starting crond: [ OK ]
Starting atd: [ OK ]
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
Kernel 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 on an x86_64
CentOS6.5-01 login: root
Password:
Last login: Wed Nov 22 13:10:59 from 192.168.21.128
[root@CentOS6 ~]
#
[root@CentOS6 ~]
#
|
修改主机名
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[root@CentOS6 ~]
# sed -i '/HOSTNAME/s/CentOS6.5-01/CentOS6.5-03/g' /etc/syscog/network
[root@CentOS6 ~]
# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=
yes
HOSTNAME=CentOS6.5-03
GATEWAY=10.10.172.1
[root@CentOS6 ~]
# hostname CentOS6.5-03
[root@CentOS6 ~]
#
|
修改IP地址
|
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[root@CentOS6 ~]
# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=77733023-71ab-41bf-9cfb-2a2a5510857a
ONBOOT=
yes
NM_CONTROLLED=
yes
BOOTPROTO=none
HWADDR=52:54:01:56:9A:7F
IPADDR=10.10.172.243
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=10.10.172.1
DNS1=192.168.172.208
DNS2=192.168.172.209
DEFROUTE=
yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=
yes
IPV6INIT=no
NAME=
"System eth0"
[root@CentOS6 ~]
#
|
重启网卡服务
|
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7
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[root@CentOS6 ~]
# service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: Determining
if
ip address 10.10.172.243 is already
in
use
for
device eth0...
[ OK ]
[root@CentOS6 ~]
#
|
修改70-persistent-net.rules文件
|
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[root@CentOS6 ~]
# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
# This file was automatically generated by the /lib/udev/write_net_rules
# program, run by the persistent-net-generator.rules rules file.
#
# You can modify it, as long as you keep each rule on a single
# line, and change only the value of the NAME= key.
# PCI device 0x1af4:0x1000 (virtio-pci)
SUBSYSTEM==
"net"
, ACTION==
"add"
, DRIVERS==
"?*"
, ATTR{address}==
"52:54:01:56:9a:7f"
, ATTR{
type
}==
"1"
, KERNEL==
"eth*"
, NAME=
"eth0"
[root@CentOS6 ~]
#
|
本文到此通过两种方式进行kvm虚拟机克隆，其实各有用处。
再次说明：本文克隆的虚拟机是CentOS6.5,如果克隆的虚拟机是RHEL/CentOS/OEL6.x操作系统，需要修改/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules文件。
本文转自 dengaosky 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/dengaosky/1984068，如需转载请自行联系原作者
