前几天下班的时候,听系统运维组
的经理在给
本部门的人推荐expect工具,这个工具我曾经用过,本以为现在
关注的人少了,没想到它的粉丝还是很多的,借此机会,我翻出之前整理过的文档,再次发挥余热。
##########################################
# create by maidong
# date 2011--05-13 晚
# http://www.bdkyr.com
#
Expect是在Tcl基础上创建起来的,它还提供了一些Tcl所没有的命令,
它可以用来做一些linux下无法做到交互的一些命令操作,在远程管理
方面发挥很大的作用。
spawn命令激活一个Unix程序来进行交互式的运行。
send命令向进程发送字符串。
expect命令等待进程的某些字符串。
expect支持正规表达式并能同时等待多个字符串,并对每一个字符串执行不同的操作.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------#
Other interesting scripts are available separately in the directory
http://expect.nist.gov/scripts/ (ftpable as
ftp://ftp.nist.gov/mel/div826/subject/expect/scripts). (See below for
how to retrieve these.) You are welcome to send me scripts to add to
this directory. A number of Expect scripts are also available in the
Tcl archive, available at ftp://ftp.neosoft.com/pub/tcl.
#----------------操作步骤----------------------------------------------------#
A. Tcl 安装
主页: http://www.tcl.tk
下载地址: http://www.tcl.tk/software/tcltk/downloadnow84.tml
1.下载源码包
wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/tcl/tcl8.4.11-src.tar.gz
wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/tcl/tk8.4.11-src.tar.gz
2.解压缩源码包
#tar xfvz tk8.4.11-src.tar.gz #暂时可以不用
tar xfvz tcl8.4.11-src.tar.gz
3.安装配置
cd tcl8.4.11
cd unix
./configure --prefix=/usr/tcl --enable-shared
make && make install
4.安装完毕以后,进入tcl源代码的根目录,把子目录unix下面的tclUnixPort.h copy到子目录generic中。
暂时不要删除tcl源代码,因为expect的安装过程还需要用。
cp tclUnixPort.h ../generic/
B. expect 安装 (需Tcl的库)
主页: http://expect.nist.gov/
1.下载源码包
wget http://expect.nist.gov/expect-5.43.0.tar.gz
wget http://cdnetworks-kr-1.dl.sourceforge.net/project/buluoos/0.1/src/expect-5.43.0.tar.gz
2.解压缩源码包
tar xfvz expect-5.43.0.tar.gz
3.安装配置
cd expect-5.43
./configure --prefix=/usr/expect --with-tcl=/usr/tcl/lib --with-tclinclude=/home/xuekun/tools/tcl8.4.11/generic/
make
make install
#--实例1.1----by maidong-------------------------------------------------#
[root@nginx scripts]# vi expect.exp
#!/usr/expect/bin/expect
set timeout 60
set port 50718
set host 192.168.15.52
set name root
set password dn3s
spawn ssh -p$port $host -l $name
expect {
"(yes/no)?" {
send "yes\r"
expect "password:"
send "$password\r"
}
"password:" { send "$password\r" }
}
expect "#"
send "uname\n"
expect "Linux"
send_user "Now you can do some operation on this terminal\n"
[root@nginx scripts]# /usr/expect/bin/expect expect.exp
spawn ssh -p50718 192.168.15.52 -l root
root@192.168.15.52's password:
Last login: Sun May 15 05:41:26 2011 from 192.168.15.51
[root@lamp-002 ~]# uname
Linux
Now you can do some operation on this terminal
[root@nginx scripts]#
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
#说明
#!/usr/bin/expect
# 设置超时时间为 60 秒
set timeout 60
# 设置要登录的主机 IP 地址
set host 192.168.15.52
# 设置以什么名字的用户登录
set name root
# 设置用户名的登录密码
set password dn3s
#spawn 一个 ssh 登录进程
spawn ssh $host -l $name
# 等待响应,第一次登录往往会提示是否永久保存 RSA 到本机的 know hosts 列表中;
#等到回答后,在提示输出密码;之后就直接提示输入密码
expect {
"(yes/no)?" {
send "yes\n"
expect "Password:"
send "$pasword\n"
}
"Password:" {
send "$password\n"
}
}
expect "#"
# 下面测试是否登录到 $host
send "uname\n"
expect "Linux"
send_user "Now you can do some operation on this terminal\n"
exit
#-----------------finish-------------------------------------------------#
#--实例1.2--expect交互式scp文件--------------by xuekun--------------------#
[xuekun@expect ~]$ cat scp.exp
#!/usr/expect/bin/expect
#modify by xk
#201105-30
#
set ADDR [lindex $argv 0]
set LOGIN [lindex $argv 1]
set PASSWD [lindex $argv 2]
set DIR [lindex $argv 3]
spawn scp -rp -P50718 "$DIR" "$LOGIN@$ADDR:/tmp"
set timeout 60
expect {
-re ".*es.*o.*" {
exp_send "yes\r"
exp_continue
}
-re ".*sword.*" {
exp_send "$PASSWD\r"
}
}
interact
#--运行测试-------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
[xuekun@expect ~]$ /usr/expect/bin/expect scp.exp 192.168.15.52 root xuekun /home/xuekun/
说明:输入4个参数, $DIR 为要copy到远程服务器的目录或者文件
$LOGIN 为用户名, 通过expect 自动输入yes 和 password
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
执行上面这个脚本的 sh脚本 代码如下:
#!/bin/sh
/usr/bin/expect autocopy.exp 192.168.15.53 root 123456 /home/xuekun
/usr/bin/expect autocopy.exp 192.168.15.54 root 123456 /home/xuekun
/usr/bin/expect autocopy.exp 192.168.15.55 root 123456 /home/xuekun
/usr/bin/expect autocopy.exp 192.168.15.56 root 123456 /home/xuekun
只要 execute 上面这个 sh 脚本, 就可以批量完成数据的远程copy。
关注的人少了,没想到它的粉丝还是很多的,借此机会,我翻出之前整理过的文档,再次发挥余热。
##########################################
# create by maidong
# date 2011--05-13 晚
# http://www.bdkyr.com
#
Expect是在Tcl基础上创建起来的,它还提供了一些Tcl所没有的命令,
它可以用来做一些linux下无法做到交互的一些命令操作,在远程管理
方面发挥很大的作用。
spawn命令激活一个Unix程序来进行交互式的运行。
send命令向进程发送字符串。
expect命令等待进程的某些字符串。
expect支持正规表达式并能同时等待多个字符串,并对每一个字符串执行不同的操作.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------#
Other interesting scripts are available separately in the directory
http://expect.nist.gov/scripts/ (ftpable as
ftp://ftp.nist.gov/mel/div826/subject/expect/scripts). (See below for
how to retrieve these.) You are welcome to send me scripts to add to
this directory. A number of Expect scripts are also available in the
Tcl archive, available at ftp://ftp.neosoft.com/pub/tcl.
#----------------操作步骤----------------------------------------------------#
A. Tcl 安装
主页: http://www.tcl.tk
下载地址: http://www.tcl.tk/software/tcltk/downloadnow84.tml
1.下载源码包
wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/tcl/tcl8.4.11-src.tar.gz
wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/tcl/tk8.4.11-src.tar.gz
2.解压缩源码包
#tar xfvz tk8.4.11-src.tar.gz #暂时可以不用
tar xfvz tcl8.4.11-src.tar.gz
3.安装配置
cd tcl8.4.11
cd unix
./configure --prefix=/usr/tcl --enable-shared
make && make install
4.安装完毕以后,进入tcl源代码的根目录,把子目录unix下面的tclUnixPort.h copy到子目录generic中。
暂时不要删除tcl源代码,因为expect的安装过程还需要用。
cp tclUnixPort.h ../generic/
B. expect 安装 (需Tcl的库)
主页: http://expect.nist.gov/
1.下载源码包
wget http://expect.nist.gov/expect-5.43.0.tar.gz
wget http://cdnetworks-kr-1.dl.sourceforge.net/project/buluoos/0.1/src/expect-5.43.0.tar.gz
2.解压缩源码包
tar xfvz expect-5.43.0.tar.gz
3.安装配置
cd expect-5.43
./configure --prefix=/usr/expect --with-tcl=/usr/tcl/lib --with-tclinclude=/home/xuekun/tools/tcl8.4.11/generic/
make
make install
#--实例1.1----by maidong-------------------------------------------------#
[root@nginx scripts]# vi expect.exp
#!/usr/expect/bin/expect
set timeout 60
set port 50718
set host 192.168.15.52
set name root
set password dn3s
spawn ssh -p$port $host -l $name
expect {
"(yes/no)?" {
send "yes\r"
expect "password:"
send "$password\r"
}
"password:" { send "$password\r" }
}
expect "#"
send "uname\n"
expect "Linux"
send_user "Now you can do some operation on this terminal\n"
[root@nginx scripts]# /usr/expect/bin/expect expect.exp
spawn ssh -p50718 192.168.15.52 -l root
root@192.168.15.52's password:
Last login: Sun May 15 05:41:26 2011 from 192.168.15.51
[root@lamp-002 ~]# uname
Linux
Now you can do some operation on this terminal
[root@nginx scripts]#
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
#说明
#!/usr/bin/expect
# 设置超时时间为 60 秒
set timeout 60
# 设置要登录的主机 IP 地址
set host 192.168.15.52
# 设置以什么名字的用户登录
set name root
# 设置用户名的登录密码
set password dn3s
#spawn 一个 ssh 登录进程
spawn ssh $host -l $name
# 等待响应,第一次登录往往会提示是否永久保存 RSA 到本机的 know hosts 列表中;
#等到回答后,在提示输出密码;之后就直接提示输入密码
expect {
"(yes/no)?" {
send "yes\n"
expect "Password:"
send "$pasword\n"
}
"Password:" {
send "$password\n"
}
}
expect "#"
# 下面测试是否登录到 $host
send "uname\n"
expect "Linux"
send_user "Now you can do some operation on this terminal\n"
exit
#-----------------finish-------------------------------------------------#
#--实例1.2--expect交互式scp文件--------------by xuekun--------------------#
[xuekun@expect ~]$ cat scp.exp
#!/usr/expect/bin/expect
#modify by xk
#201105-30
#
set ADDR [lindex $argv 0]
set LOGIN [lindex $argv 1]
set PASSWD [lindex $argv 2]
set DIR [lindex $argv 3]
spawn scp -rp -P50718 "$DIR" "$LOGIN@$ADDR:/tmp"
set timeout 60
expect {
-re ".*es.*o.*" {
exp_send "yes\r"
exp_continue
}
-re ".*sword.*" {
exp_send "$PASSWD\r"
}
}
interact
#--运行测试-------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
[xuekun@expect ~]$ /usr/expect/bin/expect scp.exp 192.168.15.52 root xuekun /home/xuekun/
说明:输入4个参数, $DIR 为要copy到远程服务器的目录或者文件
$LOGIN 为用户名, 通过expect 自动输入yes 和 password
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
执行上面这个脚本的 sh脚本 代码如下:
#!/bin/sh
/usr/bin/expect autocopy.exp 192.168.15.53 root 123456 /home/xuekun
/usr/bin/expect autocopy.exp 192.168.15.54 root 123456 /home/xuekun
/usr/bin/expect autocopy.exp 192.168.15.55 root 123456 /home/xuekun
/usr/bin/expect autocopy.exp 192.168.15.56 root 123456 /home/xuekun
只要 execute 上面这个 sh 脚本, 就可以批量完成数据的远程copy。