CentOS6.6自带的Python版本为2.6.6,想给他升级一下,安装Python2.7.9
一、准备安装包
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wget https:
//bootstrap
.pypa.io
/get-pip
.py
#下载setuptools和pip
wget https:
//pypi
.python.org
/packages/source/i/ipython/ipython-3
.1.0.
tar
.gz
#下载ipython
wget https:
//www
.python.org
/ftp/python/2
.7.9
/Python-2
.7.9.
tar
.xz
#下载python
|
二、安装依赖包
安装readline-devel,使python安装完成后支持退格;安装gcc,否则配置时会报错,导致无法安装;还有一些扩展模块
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yum -y
install
readline-devel
yum -y
install
gcc
yum -y
install
zlib-devel openssl-devel sqlite-devel
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三、安装python2.7.9
由于下载的python包为xz格式的,所以解压tar.xz文件需要先xz -d xxx.tar.xz,再tar zvf命令将xxx.tar解包
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xz -d Python-2.7.9.
tar
.xz
tar
xvf Python-2.7.9.
tar
cd
Python-2.7.9
.
/configure
--prefix=
/usr/local/python
make
&&
make
install
mv
/usr/bin/python
/usr/bin/python2
.6.6
#把之前版本的python重命名
ln
-sv
/usr/local/python/bin/python2
.7
/usr/bin/python
[root@MidApp ~]
# python
Python 2.7.9 (default, Nov 22 2017, 09:37:44)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-18)] on linux2
Type
"help"
,
"copyright"
,
"credits"
or
"license"
for
more
information.
>>>
import
ssl
>>>
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四、安装ipython
也完全可以先安装pip,再使用pip install ipython 安装ipython
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tar
zxvf ipython-3.1.0.
tar
.gz
cd
ipython-3.1.0
python setup.py build
python setup.py
install
ln
-sv
/usr/local/python/bin/ipython
/usr/bin/ipython
[root@MidApp ~]
# ipython
WARNING: IPython History requires SQLite, your
history
will not be saved
Python 2.7.9 (default, Nov 22 2017, 09:37:44)
Type
"copyright"
,
"credits"
or
"license"
for
more
information.
IPython 3.1.0 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
? -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help -> Python's own help system.
object? -> Details about
'object'
, use
'object??'
for
extra details.
In [1]:
import
sys
In [2]: 3+2
Out[2]: 5
In [3]:
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五、安装setuptools和pip
命令行里直接下面执行命令就行
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python get-pip.py
[root@MidApp ~]
# pip list
ipython (3.1.0)
numpy (1.13.3)
pip (9.0.1)
setuptools (37.0.0)
wheel (0.30.0)
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六、我在这里遇到了几个坑,很麻烦:
1、安装pip时,遇到zipimport.ZipImportError: can’t decompress data这种错误
解决方法:
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vim Python-2.7.9
/Modules/Setup
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找到下面地方,去掉注释
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zlib zlibmodule.c -I$(prefix)
/include
-L$(exec_prefix)
/lib
-lz
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然后再使用
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make
&&
make
install
|
重新编译一下python
2、再次安装pip时遇到下列错误:
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pip is configured with locations that require TLS
/SSL
, however the ssl module
in
Python is not available.
Collecting six
Could not fetch URL
https:
//pypi
.python.org
/simple/six/
:
There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available. - skipping
Could not
find
a version that satisfies the requirement six (from versions: )
No matching distribution found
for
six
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解决方法:
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vim Python-2.7.9
/Modules/Setup
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找到下面内容去掉注释,保存退出
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SSL=
/usr/local/ssl
_ssl _ssl.c \
-DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)
/include
-I$(SSL)
/include/openssl
\
-L$(SSL)
/lib
-lssl -lcrypto
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然后再使用
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make
&&
make
install
|
重新编译一下python
3、安装完新的python版本之后,奇怪的发现yum命令不能使用了
解决方法:原来yum命令依赖于python环境,需要改一下yum所调用的python的路径变量。
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[root@MidApp ~]
# which yum
/usr/bin/yum
[root@MidApp ~]
# vim /usr/bin/yum
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修改第一行:
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#!/usr/bin/python2.6.6
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再次使用yum命令,OK!
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本文转自 青苗飞扬 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/qingmiao/1984071