LNMP是一个基于CentOS/Debian编写的Nginx、PHP、MySQL、phpMyAdmin、eAccelerator
可以在VPS、独立主机上轻松的安装LNMP生产环境
LNMP代表的就是：Linux系统下Nginx+MySQL+PHP这种网站服务器架构。
Linux是一类Unix计算机操作系统的统称，是目前最流行的免费操作系统。代表版本有：debian、centos、ubuntu、fedora、gentoo等。
Nginx是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器，也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP代理服务器。
Mysql是一个小型关系型数据库管理系统。
这四种软件均为免费开源软件，组合到一起，成为一个免费、高效、扩展性强的网站服务系统。
特点
Nginx是一个小巧而高效的Linux下的Web服务器软件，是由 Igor Sysoev 为俄罗斯访问量第二的 Rambler 站点开发的，已经在一些俄罗斯的大型网站上运行多年，相当的稳定。
Nginx性能稳定、功能丰富、运维简单、处理静态文件速度快且消耗系统资源极少。
优点
作为 Web 服务器：相比 Apache，Nginx 使用更少的资源，支持更多的并发连接，体现更高的效率。
作为负载均衡服务器：Nginx 既可以在内部直接支持Rails和PHP，也可以支持作为 HTTP代理服务器对外进行服务。Nginx 用C编写，不论是系统资源开销还是CPU使用效率都比Perlbal要好的多。
作为邮件代理服务器：Nginx同时也是一个非常优秀的邮件代理服务器（最早开发这个产品的目的之一也是作为邮件代理服务器），Last/fm 描述了成功并且美妙的使用经验。
Nginx 安装非常的简单，配置文件非常简洁（还能够支持perl语法）。Nginx支持平滑加载新的配置，还能够在不间断服务的情况下进行软件版本的升级。
实验环境
centos_5.8(x64)
实验软件
cmake-2.8.6.tar.gz
mysql-5.5.17.tar.gz
pcre-8.13.tar.gz
nginx-1.0.9.tar.gz
libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
php-5.4.5.tar.gz
软件安装
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers
yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel libxml2-devel curl-devel freetype-devel bison gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel libtool-ltdl-devel* mysql-devel
tar zxvf cmake-2.8.6.tar.gz
cd cmake-2.8.6
./configure
gmake && gmake install
/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
tar zxvf mysql-5.5.17.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.17
cmake \
> -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
> -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
> -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
> -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_READLINE=1 \
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \
> -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
> -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
> -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
> -DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
> -DWITH_DEBUG=0 \
> -DWITH_SSL=system
make && make install
chmod +w /usr/local/mysql/
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
vim /etc/profile
PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
export PATH 尾行添加两行配置
source /etc/profile
vim /etc/my.cnf
在[mysqld]添加
datadir = /data/mysql
找到
max_allowed_packet = 1M
改为
max_allowed_packet = 16M
netstat -tuplna | grep mysql
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 31341/mysqld
ps -e | grep mysqld
31054 pts/0 00:00:00 mysqld_safe
31341 pts/0 00:00:00 mysqld
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password 数据库密码
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p 数据库密码
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.25a-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.14
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make && make install
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure
make && make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make && make install
tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9
./configure
make && make install
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config
tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make && make install
tar zxvf php-5.4.5.tar.gz
cd php-5.4.5
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/ --with-freetype-dir \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
--with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib \
--with-mhash --enable-sockets --enable-ftp \
--with-libxml-dir --enable-xml --disable-rpath \
--enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath \
--enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem \
--enable-inline-optimization --with-curl \
--with-curlwrappers \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd \
--enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash \
--enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl \
--enable-fpm \
--with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap \
--without-pear
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so /usr/lib/ 系统为64位数，/usr/lib64
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
更改 php-fpm
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
chmod +x /var/log/nginx
chown -R www:www /var/log/nginx
mkdir -p /data/www
chmod +x /data/www
chown -R www:www /data/www
cp -p /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
找到
pm.max_children = 5
改为
pm.max_children = 64
找到
pm.start_servers = 2
改为
pm.start_servers = 20
找到
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
改为
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
找到
pm.max_spare_servers = 3
改为
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
找到
pm.max_requests = 500
改为
pm.max_requests = 1024
找到
user = nobody
group = nobody
改为
user = www
group = www
:wq
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t
[22-Jul-2013 09:57:45] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf test is successful 如果看到这个提示，证明测试成功
/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart 也可以使用这种办法重启服务
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm & 开机启动php-fpm服务
netstat -tuplna
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 30540/php-fpm
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3
[1]+ Done /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm & 在配置文件的最后一行写入
tar zxvf pcre-6.0.tar.gz
cd pcre-6.0
./configure
make && make install
tar zxvf nginx-1.0.9.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.0.9
./configure --user=www --group=www \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx \
--conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-pcre \
--lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid
make && make install
cp -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf ~ 在更改配置文件前最好先备份
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
找到
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
改为
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 1024;
}
找到
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
改为
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
找到
#user nobody;
改为
user www;
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
如果看到这两行配置，说明nginx配置成功了
cp /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /etc/init.d/
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx restart 也可以使用这种办法重启nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx & 开机启动php-fpm服务
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload nginx平滑重启
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
nginx: [error] invalid PID number "" in "/var/run/nginx.pid"
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 从新生成nginx pid文件
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 再次执行如果没有报错 证明配置正确
netstat -tuplna | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7458/nginx 看到这一行，证明nginx端口正处在监听状态
vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx & 输入一行
测试
如果看到这个提示证明，nginx安装成功
下面建立php测试页，看一下lnmp的架构是否成功
cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
touch index.php
vim index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?> 写入以下内容，保存推出
看到这个页面，就是php的测试页，也就是说lnmp的架构成功了
php添加模块
tar zxvf memcache-2.2.7.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.7
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version: 20131106
Zend Module Api No: 20131226
Zend Extension Api No: 220131226
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/
ls
memcache.so
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
;extension=php_pdo_firebird.dll
;extension=php_pdo_mysql.dll
extension=memcache.so 添加模块 配置文件 ;为注释此行配置不起作用
session.save_handler = memcache
session.save_path = "tcp://127.0.0.100:11211"
pkill nginx
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx -s reload 平滑重启nginx
/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm reload 修改配置文件从新加载服务（线上业务最好是reload）
http://服务器ip/test.php 观察没有加载模块
本文转自 mailfile 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/mailfile/1254505，如需转载请自行联系原作者
