上篇采用了HTML5的Canvas的globalCompositeOperation属性达到了染色效果,其实CSS也提供了一些常规图像变化的设置参数,关于CSS的过滤器Filter设置可参考 http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/filters/understanding-css/,CSS的设置的确很方便,不需要我们了解底层实现逻辑,仅需要提供简单的设置参数值即可,但这样的方式毕竟无法达到随心所欲变化的效果,这有点想OpenGL早期只能通过Fixed Function Pipeline进行开发,和如今采用Shading Language可实现丰富多彩变化的质变,因此这篇我们将采用WebGL的SL代码方式折腾点更好玩的效果。
在第一篇我们已经提到图像操作的本质是对输入输出的数据变化,因此染色仅是最简单直观的基本变化,通过WebGL的SL代码我们甚至可以实现图像扭曲等变化效果,先上张最终变化效果的截图,原图就是Hightopo官网的banner,染色+扭曲的效果如上:
Vertex代码如下
attribute vec2 aVertexPosition; attribute vec2 aTexturePosition; varying vec2 vTexturePosition; void main() { vTexturePosition = aTexturePosition; gl_Position = vec4(aVertexPosition, 0.0, 1.0); }
Fragment代码如下:
precision mediump float; varying vec2 vTexturePosition; uniform sampler2D uSampler; uniform vec4 uColor; uniform float uRadius; uniform float uAngle; uniform vec2 uCenter; void main() { vec2 vec = vTexturePosition - uCenter; float distance = length(vec); if (distance < uRadius) { float ratio = (uRadius - distance) / uRadius; float angle = ratio * ratio * uAngle; float s = sin(angle); float c = cos(angle); vec = vec2(vec.x * c - vec.y * s, vec.x * s + vec.y * c); } gl_FragColor = texture2D(uSampler, uCenter+vec) * uColor; }
相应JavaScript代码如下:
gl.viewport(0, 0, gl.viewportWidth, gl.viewportHeight); gl.clearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0); gl.clear(gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); vertexShader = loadShaderFromDOM("shader-vs"); fragmentShader = loadShaderFromDOM("shader-fs"); var program = gl.createProgram(); gl.attachShader(program, vertexShader); gl.attachShader(program, fragmentShader); gl.linkProgram(program); gl.useProgram(program); var vertexBuffer = gl.createBuffer(); gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexBuffer); gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, new Float32Array([ -0.7, 0.7, -0.7, -0.7, 0.7, 0.7, -0.7, -0.7, 0.7, -0.7, 0.7, 0.7 ]), gl.STATIC_DRAW); var vertexLocation = gl.getAttribLocation(program, "aVertexPosition"); gl.vertexAttribPointer(vertexLocation, 2, gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0); gl.enableVertexAttribArray(vertexLocation); var textureBuffer = gl.createBuffer(); gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, textureBuffer); gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, new Float32Array([ 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]), gl.STATIC_DRAW); var textureLocation = gl.getAttribLocation(program, "aTexturePosition"); gl.vertexAttribPointer(textureLocation, 2, gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0); gl.enableVertexAttribArray(textureLocation); gl.activeTexture(gl.TEXTURE0); gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, texture); gl.uniform1i(gl.getUniformLocation(program, 'uSampler'), 0); gl.uniform4fv(gl.getUniformLocation(program, 'uColor'), toRGBA(formPane.v('color'))); gl.uniform1f(gl.getUniformLocation(program, 'uRadius'), formPane.v('radius')); gl.uniform1f(gl.getUniformLocation(program, 'uAngle'), formPane.v('angle')); gl.uniform2fv(gl.getUniformLocation(program, 'uCenter'), [formPane.v('centerX'), 1-formPane.v('centerY')]); gl.drawArrays(gl.TRIANGLES, 0, 6); }
以上Vertext和Fragment的代码很多很容易理解,采用HT for Web的FromPane插件很容易实现控制参数面板可进行编辑实时呈现变化效果,以下为操作控制面板动态变化的视频效果:http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XODMzMTU0OTA0.html
最后如果你耐心细致地阅读到此,对前端游戏开发感兴趣,感觉自己悟性不错,愿意在厦门发展的同学可与联系我,我的邮箱为eric@… 省略部分你应该知道的,不限制性别、学历和年龄,只要你想用心做自己喜欢的事,我期待着与你交流和加盟!