apache+tomcat
http版本2.4
1.http+tomcat通信了解：
http和tomcat通信通过ajp，http，https协议进行通信
http与tomcat基于mod_jd和mod_proxy实现负载均衡
1.安装http
a.下载： apache http:http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz arp:http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.5.2.tar.gz arp-util:http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz b.编译安装
1.先安装pcre-devel
yum install pcre-devel2.先安装arp
>tar -xzf apr-1.5.2.tar.gz
>cd apr-1.5.2
>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
>make && make install3.安装arp-util
>tar -xzf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
>cd apr-util-1.5.4
>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apt-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
>make && make insatll4.安装httpd
>tar -xzf httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz
>cd httpd-2.4.
>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-so --enable--ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-modeles=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event --enable-proxy --enable-proxy-http --enable-proxy-ajp --enable-balencer
>make && make install5.配置httpd的环境
(a).配置httpd服务启动文件
vim /etc/init.d/http
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/httpd fi
HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}
INITLOG_ARGS=""
apachectl=/usr/sbin/httpd/bin/apachectl
httpd=/usr/local/httpd/bin/httpd}
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd/httpd.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}
RETVAL=0
STOP_TIMEOUT=${STOP_TIMEOUT-10}
start() { echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
RETVAL=$? echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
return $RETVAL
} stop() {
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd > /dev/null if [[ $? = 0 ]]; then
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} -d ${STOP_TIMEOUT} $httpd
else
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
success fi
RETVAL=$? echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
} reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then
RETVAL=6
echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"
else
# Force LSB behaviour from killproc
LSB=1 killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
RETVAL=$? if [ $RETVAL -eq 7 ]; then
failure $"httpd shutdown"
fi
fi
echo
} case "$1" in
start)
start;;
stop)
stop;;
status)
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
RETVAL=$?;;
restart)
stop
start;;
condrestart|try-restart) if status -p ${pidfile} $httpd >&/dev/null; then
stop
start fi;;
force-reload|reload)
reload;;
graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus) $apachectl $@
RETVAL=$?;;
*) echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|forc e-reload|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
RETVAL=2
esac
exit $RETVAL
(b).导出头文件
ln -sv /usr/local/httpd/include /usr/include/httpd
(c).导出帮助文件
vim /etc/man.config
MANPATH /usr/local/htppd/man
(d).修改环境变量
vim /etc/profile.d/httpd export PATH=/usr/local/httpd/bin:$PATH 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107
2.基于mod_proxy实现httd+tomcat
a.基于ajp协议
ProxyVia off ProxyRequests offProxyPreserveHost off<Proxy *> Require all granted</Proxy>ProxyPass / ajp://192.168.100.34：8009/ProxyPassReverse / ajp://192.168.100.34：8009/<Location /> Require all granted</Location>12345678910111234567891011
b.基于http协议
ProxyVia OffProxyRequests OffProxyPass / http://192.168.100.34：8080/ProxyPassReverse / http://192.168.100.34：8080/<Proxy *> Require all granted</Proxy><Location />Require all granted</Location>1234567891012345678910
c.参数详解
ProxyVia {On|Off|Full|Block}:用于控制http首部是否时哟您Via，主要用于多级代理中控制代理请求的流向，Full表示每个请求报文都会添加apache服务器的版本号信息，Block表示每个代理报文中Via都将被清除。
ProxyPreserveHost {On|Off}:启用此功能，代理会将用户请求报文中的Host行发送给后端服务器，而不使用Proxy_pass指定的服务器地址，如果在反向代理中支持虚拟主机，则需要开启此项。
ProxyRequests {On|Off}:是否开启正向代理，如果设置proxy_pass这个必须设置为OffProxyPass path url [key=value key=value..];将后端服务器url和本地某虚拟路径关联起来作为提供服务的；路径，path是当前服务器上的某虚拟路径，如果path以/结尾，这url也必须以/结尾。
常用key如下：
min：连接池的最小容量，初始化时的容量。
max：连接池的最大容量，
loadfactor：用于负载均衡集群配置中，定义对应后端服务器的权重
retry：apache在后端服务器得到错误响应时，多长时间之后在重试，单位为秒，若一致没有响应，则会移除，重新上线以后会添加进来
ProxyPassReverse：用于让apache调整HTTP重定向响应报文中的Location，Context-Location及URL标签所对应的URL，在反向代理中必须使用此指令，防止重定向报文绕过proxy服务器1234567891012345678910
d.测试
3.基于mod_jk实现http+tomcat
a.编译安装mod_jk
1.下载： http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/tomcat-connectors-1.2.42-src.tar.gz2.安装： >tar -xzf tomcat-connectors-1.2.42-src.tar.gz >cd tomcat-connectors-/native/ >./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/http/bin/apxs(如果http是yum安装，请安装httpd-devel，rpm -ql httpd-devel找到apxs路径) >make && make install12345671234567
b.配置/etc/httpd.d/httpd.conf
1.vim /etc/httpd.d/httpd.conf LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so //装载模块JkWorkersFile /etc/httpd/extra/workers.properties //设置workers文件JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log //定义日志文件JkLogLevel debug //日志级别JkMount /* TomcatA //根下面的所有路径都转发给tomcatAJkMount /status/ stat1 //查看状态页面2.vim /etc/httpd/extra/workers.properties worker.list=TomcatA,stat1 worker.TomcatA.port=8009worker.TomcatA.host=192.168.100.34worker.TomcatA.type=ajp13 worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1worker.stat1.type=status //状态页面12345678910111213141234567891011121314
c.workers.properties详解：
格式 worker.list = worker.name worker.nameworker.worer_name.property =valueproperty: host:tomcat实例所在主机 port：所在端口 connection_pool_minsize:最少保持在连接池中链接的个数 connection_pool_timeout:连接池中链接超时时长 retries：错误发生时重试次数 socket_timeout:mod_jk等待worker响应时长，默认伪0，无限等待 socket_keepalive:是否启动长链接，1表示启用 lbfactor：worker的权重 type：指定类型，值伪status表示状态信息，ajp13表示当前worker伪运行的一个实例,lb表示使用负载均衡1234567891011121312345678910111213
d.测试结果
本文转自lnsaneLlinux博客51CTO博客，原文链接http://blog.51cto.com/lnsane784/1928007如需转载请自行联系原作者
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