使用VirtualBox或者Vmware虚拟机的时候，可能由于程序错误或者异常关机，导致系统无法启动，碰到这种情况该怎么恢复之前虚拟机里的数据呢？
一个可行的办法是重新建一个虚拟机，确定它能够运行之后，把之前虚拟机的虚拟磁盘也挂载上。考虑到默认同一个SATA控制器上无法区别同一个同名卷，需要把老的虚拟机的磁盘挂载到IDE控制器上。
如下面基于Oralc VM VirtualBox的截图所示：
完成之后，重新启动虚拟机，发现能发现老磁盘上的卷组。但由于新系统和老系统都是基于同一个导出的虚拟机镜像制作的，此时系统中出现了同名的卷，导致老虚拟机上的盘无法自动导入。那么又如何解决这一新的问题呢？
1.首先，确定不能自动挂载的vg的uuid:
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lvm
vgdisplay
lvm>
vgdisplay
---
Volume group ---
VG
Name centos
System
ID
Format
lvm2
Metadata
Areas 1
Metadata
Sequence No 5
VG
Access read/write
VG
Status resizable
MAX
LV 0
Cur
LV 3
Open
LV 0
Max
PV 0
Cur
PV 1
Act
PV 1
VG
Size 63.51 GiB
PE
Size 4.00 MiB
Total
PE 16258
Alloc
PE / Size 16242 / 63.45 GiB
Free
PE / Size 16 / 64.00 MiB
VG
UUID bX2g0F-S2gA-7fjc-yj2e-qkeR-ImE9-mkp1xu
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---
Volume group ---
VG
Name centos
System
ID
Format
lvm2
Metadata
Areas 1
Metadata
Sequence No 4
VG
Access read/write
VG
Status resizable
MAX
LV 0
Cur
LV 3
Open
LV 3
Max
PV 0
Cur
PV 1
Act
PV 1
VG
Size 255.51 GiB
PE
Size 4.00 MiB
Total
PE 65410
Alloc
PE / Size 65394 / 255.45 GiB
Free
PE / Size 16 / 64.00 MiB
VG
UUID ydgLeu-Wt4t-PQ4u-fq1o-XJ8r-JsKH-qwQtyU
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可以看到上面有两个同名的VG，结合mount命令，可以发现uuid为bX2g0F-S2gA-7fjc-yj2e-qkeR-ImE9-mkp1xu的卷组但无法自动挂载。
2.为此，需要重命名老的重名卷组：
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lvm
vgrename bX2g0F-S2gA-7fjc-yj2e-qkeR-ImE9-mkp1xu centos-1
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3.再次确认修改过成功：
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lvm>
vgdisplay
---
Volume group ---
VG
Name centos-1
System
ID
Format
lvm2
Metadata
Areas 1
Metadata
Sequence No 5
VG
Access read/write
VG
Status resizable
MAX
LV 0
Cur
LV 3
Open
LV 0
Max
PV 0
Cur
PV 1
Act
PV 1
VG
Size 63.51 GiB
PE
Size 4.00 MiB
Total
PE 16258
Alloc
PE / Size 16242 / 63.45 GiB
Free
PE / Size 16 / 64.00 MiB
VG
UUID bX2g0F-S2gA-7fjc-yj2e-qkeR-ImE9-mkp1xu
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---
Volume group ---
VG
Name centos
System
ID
Format
lvm2
Metadata
Areas 1
Metadata
Sequence No 4
VG
Access read/write
VG
Status resizable
MAX
LV 0
Cur
LV 3
Open
LV 3
Max
PV 0
Cur
PV 1
Act
PV 1
VG
Size 255.51 GiB
PE
Size 4.00 MiB
Total
PE 65410
Alloc
PE / Size 65394 / 255.45 GiB
Free
PE / Size 16 / 64.00 MiB
VG
UUID ydgLeu-Wt4t-PQ4u-fq1o-XJ8r-JsKH-qwQtyU
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4.重新激活由于同名没法自动加载的卷组
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[root@localhost
dev]# lvscan
inactive
'/dev/centos-1/swap' [2.00 GiB] inherit
inactive
'/dev/centos-1/home' [20.16 GiB] inherit
inactive
'/dev/centos-1/root' [41.29 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE
'/dev/centos/swap' [3.88 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE
'/dev/centos/home' [201.57 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE
'/dev/centos/root' [50.00 GiB] inherit
[root@localhost
dev]# ls /dev/centos/
home
root swap
[root@localhost
dev]# vgchange -ay /dev/centos-1
3
logical volume(s) in volume group "centos-1" now active
[root@localhost
dev]# lvscan
ACTIVE
'/dev/centos-1/swap' [2.00 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE
'/dev/centos-1/home' [20.16 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE
'/dev/centos-1/root' [41.29 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE
'/dev/centos/swap' [3.88 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE
'/dev/centos/home' [201.57 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE
'/dev/centos/root' [50.00 GiB] inherit
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5.检查是否自动挂载lv
重启系统之后，运行下面的命令：
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[root@localhost
dev]# cd /dev/mapper/
[root@localhost
mapper]# ls
centos--1-home
centos--1-root centos--1-swap centos-home centos-root
centos-swap control
[root@localhost
mapper]# ls -alrt
total
0
crw-------.
1 root root 10, 236 Jul 16 22:34 control
lrwxrwxrwx.
1 root root 7 Jul 16 22:34 centos-swap -> ../dm-1
lrwxrwxrwx.
1 root root 7 Jul 16 22:34 centos-root -> ../dm-0
lrwxrwxrwx.
1 root root 7 Jul 16 22:34 centos-home -> ../dm-2
drwxr-xr-x.
21 root root 3280 Jul 16 23:44 ..
lrwxrwxrwx.
1 root root 7 Jul 16 23:44 centos--1-swap -> ../dm-3
lrwxrwxrwx.
1 root root 7 Jul 16 23:44 centos--1-root -> ../dm-5
lrwxrwxrwx.
1 root root 7 Jul 16 23:44 centos--1-home -> ../dm-4
drwxr-xr-x.
2 root root 180 Jul 16 23:44 .
[root@localhost
mapper]# mount /dev/dm-
dm-0
dm-1 dm-2 dm-3 dm-4 dm-5
[root@localhost
mapper]# mount /dev/dm-4 /mnt/
[root@localhost
mapper]# ls /mnt/
baba
worker
[root@localhost
mapper]#
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通过上面命令可以看到，之前不能挂载的卷组已经可以自动挂载了。
参考链接：http://www.92csz.com/47/736.html
本文转自存储之厨51CTO博客，原文链接： http://blog.51cto.com/xiamachao/1951293，如需转载请自行联系原作者
