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一、FBV和CBV
FBV:是视图函数以函数的方式写逻辑代码
CBV:是视图以类的方式写逻辑代码
如CBV: views.py
from
django.shortcuts
import
render,HttpResponse,redirect
from
django.views
import
View
from
django.views.decorators.csrf
import
csrf_exempt,csrf_protect
from
django.utils.decorators
import
method_decorator
from
app01
import
models
class
LoginView(View):
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def
dispatch(
self
, request,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs):
return
super
(LoginView,
self
).dispatch(request,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs)
def
get(
self
, request,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs):
return
render(request,
'login.html'
)
def
post(
self
,request,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs):
user
=
request.POST.get(
'user'
)
pwd
=
request.POST.get(
'pwd'
)
obj
=
models.UserInfo.objects.
filter
(username
=
user,password
=
pwd).first()
if
obj:
request.session[
'user_info'
]
=
{
'id'
: obj.
id
,
'username'
: obj.username}
return
redirect(
'/users.html'
)
return
render(request,
'login.html'
, {
'msg'
:
'去你的'
})
如FBV: views.py
def
register(request):
if
request.method
=
=
"GET"
:
form
=
RegisterForm()
return
render(request,
'register.html'
, {
'form'
: form})
else
:
response
=
{
'status'
:
True
,
'data'
:
None
,
'msg'
:
None
}
form
=
RegisterForm(request.POST)
if
form.is_valid():
print
(form.cleaned_data)
else
:
response[
'status'
]
=
False
response[
'msg'
]
=
form.errors
return
HttpResponse(json.dumps(response))
二、form表单组建使用
导入forms模块
from
django.forms
import
Form
from
django.forms
import
fields
from
django.forms
import
widgets
#创建表单类
class
UserForm(Form):
username
=
fields.CharField(
required
=
True
,
error_messages
=
{
'required'
:
'用户名不能为空'
},
widget
=
widgets.TextInput(attrs
=
{
'class'
:
'form-control'
})
)
password
=
fields.CharField(
required
=
True
,
error_messages
=
{
'required'
:
'邮箱不能为空'
,
'invalid'
:
'邮箱格式错误'
},
widget
=
widgets.TextInput(attrs
=
{
'class'
:
'form-control'
})
)
ut_id
=
fields.ChoiceField(
choices
=
[],
widget
=
widgets.Select(attrs
=
{
'class'
:
'form-control'
})
)
role_id
=
fields.MultipleChoiceField(
choices
=
[],
widget
=
widgets.SelectMultiple(attrs
=
{
'class'
:
'form-control'
})
)
def
__init__(
self
,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs):
super
(UserForm,
self
).__init__(
*
args,
*
*
kwargs)
self
.fields[
'ut_id'
].choices
=
models.UserType.objects.values_list(
'id'
,
'title'
)
self
.fields[
'role_id'
].choices
=
models.Role.objects.values_list(
'id'
,
'caption'
)
注: username, password,渲染到页面是
input
标签属性的name值
fields.CharField表示输入文本类型，
fields.ChoiceField表示单选下拉框
fields.MultipleChoiceField表示多选下拉框
required
=
True
表示必填选项
error_messages
=
{
'required'
:
'用户名不能为空'
}表示错误提示
widget
=
widgets.TextInput(attrs
=
{
'class'
:
'form-control'
})表示增加
class
属性
form表单对页面渲染
views.py
class
AddUserView(AuthView, View):
def
get(
self
, request,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs):
form
=
UserForm()
return
render(request,
'add_user.html'
, {
'form'
: form})
def
post(
self
,request,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs):
form
=
UserForm(data
=
request.POST)
if
form.is_valid():
role_id_list
=
form.cleaned_data.pop(
'role_id'
)
obj
=
models.UserInfo.objects.create(
*
*
form.cleaned_data)
obj.rl.add(
*
role_id_list)
return
redirect(
'/users.html'
)
else
:
print
(form.errors)
return
render(request,
'add_user.html'
, {
'form'
: form})
add_user.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang
=
"en"
>
<head>
<meta charset
=
"UTF-8"
>
<title>Title<
/
title>
<
/
head>
<body>
<h1>添加用户<
/
h1>
<form method
=
"POST"
novalidate>
{
%
csrf_token
%
}
<p>
用户名: {{ form.username }} {{ form.errors.username.
0
}}
<
/
p>
<p>
密码: {{ form.password }} {{ form.errors.password.
0
}}
<
/
p>
<p>
用户类型: {{ form.ut_id }} {{ form.errors.ut_id.
0
}}
<
/
p>
<p>
角色: {{ form.role_id }} {{ form.errors.role_id.
0
}}
<
/
p>
<
input
type
=
"submit"
value
=
"提交"
>
<
/
form>
<
/
body>
<
/
html>
注: form.username表示name
=
"username"
的
input
框, form.errors.username.
0
验证填写是否正确，
错误返回error_messages
=
{
'required'
:
'用户名不能为空'
}编写的信息
三、登录验证:
继承：
单继承：
# class BaseView(View):
# def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# if request.session.get('username'):
# response = super(BaseView,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
# return response
# else:
# return redirect('/login.html')
#
# class IndexView(BaseView):
#
# def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
return
HttpResponse(request.session[
'username'
])
多继承：
# 多继承方式：
# class BaseView(object):
# def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# if request.session.get('username'):
# response = super(BaseView,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
# return response
# else:
# return redirect('/login.html')
#
# class IndexView(BaseView,View):
#
# def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
# return HttpResponse(request.session['username'])
装饰器：
def
auth(func):
def
inner(request,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs):
if
request.session.get(
'username'
):
obj
=
func(request,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs)
return
obj
else
:
return
redirect(
'/login.html'
)
return
inner
# @method_decorator(auth,name='get')
class
IndexView(View):
@method_decorator(auth)
def
dispatch(
self
, request,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs):
if
request.session.get(
'username'
):
response
=
super
(IndexView,
self
).dispatch(request,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs)
return
response
else
:
return
redirect(
'/login.html'
)
@method_decorator(auth)
def
get(
self
,request,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs):
return
HttpResponse(request.session[
'username'
])
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
# 无效
def
post(
self
,request,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs):
return
HttpResponse(request.session[
'username'
])
四、序列化
方式一：
user_list
=
models.UserInfo.objects.
all
()
data
=
serializers.serialize(
"json"
, user_list)
[
{
"model"
:
"app01.userinfo"
,
"pk"
:
1
,
"fields"
: {
"username"
:
"\u5174\u666e"
,
"password"
:
"123123"
}},
{
"model"
:
"app01.userinfo"
,
"pk"
:
2
,
"fields"
: {
"username"
:
"\u94f6\u79cb\u826f"
,
"password"
:
"666"
}}
]
方式二：
user_list
=
models.UserInfo.objects.values(
'id'
,
'username'
)
user_list
=
list
(user_list)
data
=
json.dumps(user_list)
[
{
"username"
:
"\u5174\u666e"
,
"id"
:
1
},
{
"username"
:
"\u94f6\u79cb\u826f"
,
"id"
:
2
}
问题：对json.dumps做定制：
import
json
from
datetime
import
date
from
datetime
import
datetime
class
JsonCustomEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
def
default(
self
, field):
if
isinstance
(field, datetime):
return
field.strftime(
'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
)
elif
isinstance
(field, date):
return
field.strftime(
'%Y-%m-%d'
)
else
:
return
json.JSONEncoder.default(
self
, field)
user_list
=
[
{
'id'
:
1
,
'name'
:
'alex'
,
'ctime'
: datetime.now()},
{
'id'
:
2
,
'name'
:
'eric'
,
'ctime'
: datetime.now()}
]
data
=
json.dumps(user_list,
cls
=
JsonCustomEncoder)
print
(data)
五、form表单验证总结
1
、创建Form类（本质就是正则表达式的集合）
from
django.forms
import
Form
from
django.forms
import
fields
from
django.forms
import
widgets
class
UserForm(Form):
username
=
fields.CharField(
required
=
True
,
error_messages
=
{
'required'
:
'用户名不能为空'
},
widget
=
widgets.TextInput(attrs
=
{
'class'
:
'form-control'
})
)
password
=
fields.CharField(
required
=
True
,
error_messages
=
{
'required'
:
'邮箱不能为空'
,
'invalid'
:
'邮箱格式错误'
},
widget
=
widgets.TextInput(attrs
=
{
'class'
:
'form-control'
})
ut_id
=
fields.ChoiceField(
choices
=
[],
widget
=
widgets.Select(attrs
=
{
'class'
:
'form-control'
})
)
role_id
=
fields.MultipleChoiceField(
choices
=
[],
widget
=
widgets.SelectMultiple(attrs
=
{
'class'
:
'form-control'
})
)
def
__init__(
self
,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs):
super
(UserForm,
self
).__init__(
*
args,
*
*
kwargs)
# self.fields已经有所有拷贝的字段
self
.fields[
'ut_id'
].choices
=
models.UserType.objects.values_list(
'id'
,
'title'
)
self
.fields[
'role_id'
].choices
=
models.Role.objects.values_list(
'id'
,
'caption'
)
2.
只是生成HTML标签: 添加页面
form
=
MyForm()
`form`.`xx`
3.
带默认值的HTML标签： 编辑页面
form
=
MyForm(initial
=
{
'xx'
: xxx})
`form`.`xx`
4.
提交数据
form
=
MyForm(data
=
request.POST)
if
form.is_valid():
print
(form.cleaned_data)
else
:
print
(form.errors)
问题：下拉框数据无法实时更新
class
UserForm(Form):
username
=
fields.CharField(
required
=
True
,
error_messages
=
{
'required'
:
'用户名不能为空'
}
)
password
=
fields.CharField(
required
=
True
,
error_messages
=
{
'required'
:
'邮箱不能为空'
,
'invalid'
:
'邮箱格式错误'
}
)
ut_id
=
fields.ChoiceField(choices
=
[])
def
__init__(
self
,
*
args,
*
*
kwargs):
super
(UserForm,
self
).__init__(
*
args,
*
*
kwargs)
self
.fields[
'ut_id'
].choices
=
models.UserType.objects.values_list(
'id'
,
'title'
)
|
本文转自小白的希望 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/haoyonghui/1964492，如需转载请自行联系原作者
