一、前言
最近开发程序的时候,出现数据库自增id跳数字情况,无奈之下dba遍查操作日志,没有delete记录。才开始慢慢来查询事物问题。多久以来欠下的账,今天该还给spring事物。 希望大家有所收获。2016年07月19日22:32:38
二、spring嵌套事物
1、展示项目代码--简单测springboot项目
整体项目就这么简单,为了方便。这里就只有biz层与service层,主要作为两层嵌套,大家只要看看大概就ok。后面会给出git项目地址,下载下来看一看就明白,力求最简单。
下面我们分情况介绍异常。
Controller 调用层(没有使用它作为外层,因为controller作为外层要在servlet-mvc.xml 配置就ok。但是我觉得比较麻烦,一般也不推荐)
<pre name="code" class="html">package com.ycy.app; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * Created by ycy on 16/7/19. */ @RestController @SpringBootApplication @EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class}) @ImportResource({"classpath:/applicationContext.xml"}) public class Application { @Autowired private TestBiz testBiz; @RequestMapping("/") String home() throws Exception { System.out.println("controller 正常执行"); testBiz.insetTes(); return " 正常返回Hello World!"; } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } }
Biz层(外层)
<pre name="code" class="html">package com.ycy.app; import com.ycy.service.TestService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; /** * Created by ycy on 16/7/20. */ @Component public class TestBiz { @Autowired private TestService testService; @Transactional public void insetTes() { for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) { testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名"); } System.out.println("biz层 正常执行"); } }
Service层 (内层)
<pre name="code" class="html"><pre name="code" class="html"><pre name="code" class="html">package com.ycy.service.impl; import com.ycy.center.dao.entity.YcyTable; import com.ycy.center.dao.mapper.YcyTableMapper; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; /** * Created by ycy on 16/7/19. */ @Service public class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService { @Autowired private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper; @Transactional public void testInsert(int num,String name) { YcyTable ycyTable=new YcyTable(); ycyTable.setName(name); ycyTable.setNum(num); ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable); System.out.println(num+"service正常执行"); } }
2、外部起事物,内部起事物,内外都无Try Catch
外部异常:
代码展示,修改外层Biz层代码如下
<pre name="code" class="html"><pre name="code" class="html">@Component public class TestBiz { @Autowired private TestService testService; @Transactional public void insetTes() { for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) { testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名"); if (j == 3) { int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常 } } System.out.println("biz层 正常执行"); } }
打印执行结果:0-3service正常执行 数据库结果:全部数据回滚
外部异常总结:
内外都无try Catch的时候,外部异常,全部回滚。
内部异常:
代码展示,修改service层代码
package com.ycy.service.impl; import com.ycy.center.dao.entity.YcyTable; import com.ycy.center.dao.mapper.YcyTableMapper; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; /** * Created by ycy on 16/7/19. */ @Service public class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService { @Autowired private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper; @Transactional public void testInsert(int num, String name) { YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable(); ycyTable.setName(name); ycyTable.setNum(num); ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable); if (num == 3) { int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常 } System.out.println(num + "service正常执行"); } }
打印执行结果:0-3service正常执行 数据库结果:全部数据回滚
3、外部起事物,内部起事物,外部有Try Catch
外部异常:
代码展示,修改biz层代码
@Component public class TestBiz { @Autowired private TestService testService; @Transactional public void insetTes() { try { for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) { testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名"); if (j == 3) { int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常 } } } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.println("异常日志处理"); } System.out.println("biz层 正常执行"); } }打印结果:0-3执行正常数据库结果:4条数据
外部异常总结:外部有try Catch时候,外部异常,不能回滚(事物错误)
内部异常:
代码展示,修改service层代码:
@Service public class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService { @Autowired private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper; @Transactional public void testInsert(int num, String name) { YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable(); ycyTable.setName(name); ycyTable.setNum(num); ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable); if (num == 3) { int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常 } System.out.println(num + "service正常执行"); } }打印结果:0-2打印正常 数据库结果:无数据,全部数据回滚
内部异常总结:外部有try Catch时候,内部异常,全部回滚
4、外部起事物,内部起事物,内部有Try Catch
外部异常:
代码展示,修改biz层:
@Component public class TestBiz { @Autowired private TestService testService; @Transactional public void insetTes() { for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) { testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名"); if (j == 3) { int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常 } } System.out.println("biz层 正常执行"); } }
打印结果:0-3service打印正常 数据库结果:无数据,全部数据回滚
外部异常总结: 内部有try Catch,外部异常,全部回滚
内部异常:
修改service层代码:
@Service public class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService { @Autowired private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper; @Transactional public void testInsert(int num, String name) { try { YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable(); ycyTable.setName(name); ycyTable.setNum(num); ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable); if (num == 3) { int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常 } } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.println(num + "service异常日志"); } System.out.println(num + "service正常执行"); } }
打印结果:0-0service打印正常 数据库结果:没有回滚
5、外部起事物,内部起事物,内外有Try Catch
外部异常:
代码展示,修改biz层:
@Component public class TestBiz { @Autowired private TestService testService; @Transactional public void insetTes() { try { for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) { testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名"); if (j == 3) { int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常 } } } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.println("biz层异常日志处理"); } System.out.println("biz层 正常执行"); } }
打印结果:0-3service打印正常 数据库结果:插入三条数据,没有回滚
外部异常总结:
内外都有try Catch,外部异常,事物执行一半(事物失败)
内部异常:
代码展示,修改service 层代码
@Service public class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService { @Autowired private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper; @Transactional public void testInsert(int num, String name) { try { YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable(); ycyTable.setName(name); ycyTable.setNum(num); ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable); if (num == 3) { int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常 } } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.println(num + "service异常日志处理"); } System.out.println(num + "service正常执行"); } }
打印结果:0-7service打印正常,3异常日子好 数据库结果:插入全部,没有回滚
三、嵌套事物总结
事物成功总结
1、内外都无try Catch的时候,外部异常,全部回滚。
2、内外都无try Catch的时候,内部异常,全部回滚。
3、外部有try Catch时候,内部异常,全部回滚
4、内部有try Catch,外部异常,全部回滚
5、友情提示:外层方法中调取其他接口,或者另外开启线程的操作,一定放到最后!!!(因为调取接口不能回滚,一定要最后来处理)
总结:由于上面的异常被捕获导致,很多事务回滚失败。如果一定要将捕获,请捕获后又抛出
RuntimeException(默认为异常捕获RuntimeException)
。
四、正确的嵌套事物实例
controller层
package com.ycy.app; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * Created by ycy on 16/7/19. */ @RestController @SpringBootApplication @EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class}) @ImportResource({"classpath:/applicationContext.xml"}) public class Application { @Autowired private TestBiz testBiz; @RequestMapping("/") String home() { System.out.println("controller 正常执行"); try { testBiz.insetTes(); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("controller 异常日志执行"); } return " 正常返回Hello World!"; } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } }
外层biz层:
package com.ycy.app; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; import com.ycy.service.TestService; /** * Created by ycy on 16/7/20. */ @Component public class TestBiz { @Autowired private TestService testService; @Transactional public void insetTes() throws Exception { try { for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) { testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名"); if (j == 3) { int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常 } } } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.println("biz层异常日志处理"); throw new RuntimeException(ex); } System.out.println("biz层 正常执行"); } }
内层service层
package com.ycy.service.impl; import com.ycy.center.dao.entity.YcyTable; import com.ycy.center.dao.mapper.YcyTableMapper; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; /** * Created by ycy on 16/7/19. */ @Service public class TestServiceImpl implements com.ycy.service.TestService { @Autowired private YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper; @Transactional public void testInsert(int num, String name) throws Exception { try { YcyTable ycyTable = new YcyTable(); ycyTable.setName(name); ycyTable.setNum(num); ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable); if (num== 3) { int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常 } } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.println(num + "service异常日志处理"); throw new RuntimeException(ex); } System.out.println(num + "service正常执行"); } }
项目地址:https://github.com/yangchangyong0/springTransactional 项目git地址