// 1.debug选项LOCKUP_DETECTOR,开启/关闭kernel中的soft lockup和hard lockup探测 // 2.实现:kernel/watchdog.c // 3.实现原理: // 1.涉及到了3部分内容:kernel线程,时钟中断,NMI中断 // 优先级:kernel线程 < 时钟中断 < NMI中断。 // 2.利用它们之间优先级的区别,调试系统运行中的两种问题: // 抢占被长时间关闭而导致进程无法调度(soft lockup) // 中断被长时间关闭而导致更严重的问题(hard lockup) // 参考:http://blog.csdn.net/panzhenjie/article/details/10074551 // 内核版本 3.8.6 // smp per-cpu watchdog核心线程 1.1 static struct smp_hotplug_thread watchdog_threads = { .store = &softlockup_watchdog, .thread_should_run = watchdog_should_run, .thread_fn = watchdog, .thread_comm = "watchdog/%u", .setup = watchdog_enable, .park = watchdog_disable, .unpark = watchdog_enable, }; // lockup detector模块初始化 // 函数任务: // 1.计算hrtimer运行的频率 // 2.注册watchdog核心线程 // 注: 1.2 void __init lockup_detector_init(void) { //计算hrtimer运行的频率 set_sample_period(); //注册watchdog核心线程 if (smpboot_register_percpu_thread(&watchdog_threads)) { pr_err("Failed to create watchdog threads, disabled\n"); watchdog_disabled = -ENODEV; } } // 设置watchdog timer运行频率 // 调用路径: lockup_detector_init->get_softlockup_thresh // 注: // 1.sample_period,即watchdog timer运行的频率 // 2.watchdog timer在一次soft lockup时间阈值内运行5次 1.3 static void set_sample_period(void) { sample_period = get_softlockup_thresh() * ((u64)NSEC_PER_SEC / 5); } // 认定发生了soft lockup的时间阈值 // 注:如果watchdog kthread在watchdog_thresh * 2 时间内未被调度, // 则认为发生了soft lockup. 1.4 static int get_softlockup_thresh(void) { return watchdog_thresh * 2; } // 启动指定cpu上lockup检测 // 函数任务: // 1.初始化watchdog timer // 2.初始化hard lockup的nmi中断事件 // 3.启动watchdog timer // 4.设置watchdog kthread调度策略FIFO // 5.更新watchdog时间戳 // 注:设置watchdog kthread为FIFO的调度策略保证了watchdog timer // 唤醒kthread之后,它可以因高优先级切换到cpu上执行。 2.1 static void watchdog_enable(unsigned int cpu) { struct hrtimer *hrtimer = &__raw_get_cpu_var(watchdog_hrtimer); //lockup检测使用的hrtimer hrtimer_init(hrtimer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_REL); hrtimer->function = watchdog_timer_fn; //第一次启动watchdog,暂停current if (!watchdog_enabled) { kthread_park(current); return; } //hard lockup检测机制 watchdog_nmi_enable(cpu); //hrtimer sample时间之后运行 hrtimer_start(hrtimer, ns_to_ktime(sample_period), HRTIMER_MODE_REL_PINNED); //watchdog进程FIFO策略 watchdog_set_prio(SCHED_FIFO, MAX_RT_PRIO - 1); //执行一次更新 __touch_watchdog(); } // 关闭指定cpu上的lockup检测 // 函数任务: // 1.恢复watchdog正常优先级 // 2.取消hrtimer // 3.关闭hard lockup检测机制的nmi中断 2.2 static void watchdog_disable(unsigned int cpu) { struct hrtimer *hrtimer = &__raw_get_cpu_var(watchdog_hrtimer); //恢复watchdog正常优先级 watchdog_set_prio(SCHED_NORMAL, 0); //取消hrtimer hrtimer_cancel(hrtimer); //关闭hard lockup检测机制的nmi中断 watchdog_nmi_disable(cpu); } // watchdog核心线程可运行的条件 // 函数任务: // 1.保证watchdog kthread 运行频率 <= watchdog timer 运行频率 // 注: // soft_lockup_hrtimer_cnt代表watchdog核心线程运行的次数 // hrtimer_interrupts代表watchdog timer运行的次数 2.3 static int watchdog_should_run(unsigned int cpu) { return __this_cpu_read(hrtimer_interrupts) != __this_cpu_read(soft_lockup_hrtimer_cnt); } // watchdog核心线程函数 // 函数任务: // 1.更新soft_lockup_hrtimer_cnt=hrtimer_interrupts // 2.更新watchdog运行时间戳 2.4 static void watchdog(unsigned int cpu) { __this_cpu_write(soft_lockup_hrtimer_cnt, __this_cpu_read(hrtimer_interrupts)); __touch_watchdog(); } // 更新watchdog运行时间戳 2.5 static void __touch_watchdog(void) { int this_cpu = smp_processor_id(); __this_cpu_write(watchdog_touch_ts, get_timestamp(this_cpu)); } // 定时器函数 // 函数主要任务: // 1.获取watchdog上次运行的时间戳 // 2.递增watchdog timer运行次数 // 3.检查watchdog时间戳,是否发生了soft lockup // 3.1 如果发生了,dump堆栈,打印信息 // 4.重调度timer // 注: // 在watchdog timer运行时唤醒watchdog kthread,保证kthread与timer相同的运行频率 3.1 static enum hrtimer_restart watchdog_timer_fn(struct hrtimer *hrtimer) { //watchdog上次运行的时间戳 unsigned long touch_ts = __this_cpu_read(watchdog_touch_ts); struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs(); int duration; //在唤醒watchdog kthread之前递增hrtimer_interrupts,保证kthread更新其时间戳 watchdog_interrupt_count(); //唤醒watchdog kthread,保证kthread与timer相同的运行频率 wake_up_process(__this_cpu_read(softlockup_watchdog)); //再次调度hrtimer下一个周期运行 hrtimer_forward_now(hrtimer, ns_to_ktime(sample_period)); ... //检测是否发生soft lockup duration = is_softlockup(touch_ts); if (unlikely(duration)) { printk(KERN_EMERG "BUG: soft lockup - CPU#%d stuck for %us! [%s:%d]\n", smp_processor_id(), duration, current->comm, task_pid_nr(current)); print_modules(); print_irqtrace_events(current); //dump 寄存器和堆栈 if (regs) show_regs(regs); else dump_stack(); if (softlockup_panic) panic("softlockup: hung tasks"); } return HRTIMER_RESTART; } // 检查抢占被关闭的时间间隔 // watchdog kthread在watchdog timer的中断上下文中被唤醒, // 当中断退出时,kthread会抢占cpu上的当前进程。如果 // 抢占被关闭的话,则不会发生抢占,watchdog便无法更新时 // 间戳,当抢占关闭的时间超过阈值时,核心认为发生了soft // lock up。 // 注:soft lockup阈值 watchdog_thresh * 2 (20s) 3.2 static int is_softlockup(unsigned long touch_ts) { //当前时间戳 unsigned long now = get_timestamp(smp_processor_id()); //watchdog在 watchdog_thresh * 2 时间内未被调度过 if (time_after(now, touch_ts + get_softlockup_thresh())) return now - touch_ts; return 0; }