concat 函数的基本应用一:
SQL CONCAT函数用于将两个字符串连接起来,形成一个单一的字符串。试试下面的例子: SQL> SELECT CONCAT('FIRST ', 'SECOND'); +----------------------------+ | CONCAT('FIRST ', 'SECOND') | +----------------------------+ | FIRST SECOND | +----------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 想要更详细了解CONCAT函数,考虑EMPLOYEE_TBL的表具有以下记录: SQL> SELECT * FROM employee_tbl; +------+------+------------+--------------------+ | id | name | work_date | daily_typing_pages | +------+------+------------+--------------------+ | 1 | John | 2007-01-24 | 250 | | 2 | Ram | 2007-05-27 | 220 | | 3 | Jack | 2007-05-06 | 170 | | 3 | Jack | 2007-04-06 | 100 | | 4 | Jill | 2007-04-06 | 220 | | 5 | Zara | 2007-06-06 | 300 | | 5 | Zara | 2007-02-06 | 350 | +------+------+------------+--------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) 现在,假设根据上述表要连接名员工ID和work_date,那么你可以使用下面的命令: SQL> SELECT CONCAT(id, name, work_date) -> FROM employee_tbl; +-----------------------------+ | CONCAT(id, name, work_date) | +-----------------------------+ | 1John2007-01-24 | | 2Ram2007-05-27 | | 3Jack2007-05-06 | | 3Jack2007-04-06 | | 4Jill2007-04-06 | | 5Zara2007-06-06 | | 5Zara2007-02-06 | +-----------------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
concat_ws 的基本用法
MySQL中concat_ws函数 使用方法: CONCAT_WS(separator,str1,str2,...) CONCAT_WS() 代表 CONCAT With Separator ,是CONCAT()的特殊形式。第一个参数是其它参数的分隔符。分隔符的位置放在要连接的两个字符串之间。分隔符可以是一个字符串,也可以是其它参数。 注意: 如果分隔符为 NULL,则结果为 NULL。函数会忽略任何分隔符参数后的 NULL 值。 如连接后以逗号分隔 mysql> select concat_ws(',','11','22','33'); +-------------------------------+ | concat_ws(',','11','22','33') | +-------------------------------+ | 11,22,33 | +-------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 和MySQL中concat函数不同的是, concat_ws函数在执行的时候,不会因为NULL值而返回NULL mysql> select concat_ws(',','11','22',NULL); +-------------------------------+ | concat_ws(',','11','22',NULL) | +-------------------------------+ | 11,22 | +-------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
group_concat() 函数的基本应用
MySQL中group_concat函数 完整的语法如下: group_concat([DISTINCT] 要连接的字段 [Order BY ASC/DESC 排序字段] [Separator '分隔符']) 基本查询 mysql> select * from aa; +------+------+ | id| name | +------+------+ |1 | 10| |1 | 20| |1 | 20| |2 | 20| |3 | 200 | |3 | 500 | +------+------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) 以id分组,把name字段的值打印在一行,逗号分隔(默认) mysql> select id,group_concat(name) from aa group by id; +------+--------------------+ | id| group_concat(name) | +------+--------------------+ |1 | 10,20,20| |2 | 20 | |3 | 200,500| +------+--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) 以id分组,把name字段的值打印在一行,分号分隔 mysql> select id,group_concat(name separator ';') from aa group by id; +------+----------------------------------+ | id| group_concat(name separator ';') | +------+----------------------------------+ |1 | 10;20;20 | |2 | 20| |3 | 200;500 | +------+----------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) 以id分组,把去冗余的name字段的值打印在一行, 逗号分隔 mysql> select id,group_concat(distinct name) from aa group by id; +------+-----------------------------+ | id| group_concat(distinct name) | +------+-----------------------------+ |1 | 10,20| |2 | 20 | |3 | 200,500 | +------+-----------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) 以id分组,把name字段的值打印在一行,逗号分隔,以name排倒序 mysql> select id,group_concat(name order by name desc) from aa group by id; +------+---------------------------------------+ | id| group_concat(name order by name desc) | +------+---------------------------------------+ |1 | 20,20,10 | |2 | 20| |3 | 500,200| +------+---------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)