看下面演示与分析：
SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters;
PARAMETER VALUE
------------------------------ ------------------------------
NLS_LANGUAGE AMERICAN
NLS_TERRITORY AMERICA
NLS_CURRENCY $
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY AMERICA
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS .,
NLS_CHARACTERSET AL32UTF8
NLS_CALENDAR GREGORIAN
NLS_DATE_FORMAT DD-MON-RR
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE AMERICAN
NLS_SORT BINARY
NLS_TIME_FORMAT HH.MI.SSXFF AM
PARAMETER VALUE
------------------------------ ------------------------------
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY $
NLS_COMP BINARY
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS BYTE
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP FALSE
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET AL16UTF16
NLS_RDBMS_VERSION 9.2.0.4.0
20 rows selected.
windows
客户机上：
H:\Users\LuoTaoyang>chcp
活动代码页: 936
H:\Users\LuoTaoyang>set NLS_LANG=American_America.ZHS16GBK
SQL> DESC chartest;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
ID NUMBER(38)
NAME VARCHAR2(20)
SQL> insert into chartest values(1,'123
你好吗ABC');
1 row created.
SQL> SELECT * from chartest;
ID NAME
---------- ----------------------------------------
1 123 你好吗ABC
---------- ----------------------------------------
1 123 你好吗ABC
SQL> select id,dump(name,1016) from chartest;
ID
----------
DUMP(NAME,1016)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------
DUMP(NAME,1016)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1
Typ=1 Len=15 CharacterSet=AL32UTF8: 31,32,33,e4,bd,a0,e5,a5,bd,e5,90,97,41,42,43
Typ=1 Len=15 CharacterSet=AL32UTF8: 31,32,33,e4,bd,a0,e5,a5,bd,e5,90,97,41,42,43
#‘123
你好吗ABC’在ZHS16GBK字符集下16进制代码为：31 32 33 C4 E3 BA C3 C2 F0 41 42 43，之所以跟Oracle存储的不同时因为客户端字符集（ZHS16GBK）与Oracle主字符集（AL32UTF8）不同，Oracle在底层发生字符集转换的原因。
H:\Users\LuoTaoyang>set NLS_LANG=American_America.AL32UTF8
SQL> select * from chartest;
ID NAME
---------- --------------------
1 123
浣犲ソ鍚桝BC
#
出现乱码是因为此时Oracle客户端字符集与Oracle主字符集相同，Oracle不发生字符集转换。但在windows下依然用字符集（ZHS16GBK）显示。
本文转自 d185740815 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/luotaoyang/301294，如需转载请自行联系原作者
