由于多线程中event方法平时很少用到,以前偶尔用下也是临时到网上搜下代码,没有细细去理解,所以用完没几天就忘记了,今天又再次遇到需要event的问题,所以觉得有必要学习并整理下,下面是我在学习过程中百度到的两篇文章,反正我是学明白了,希望也能帮助到大家。
c++中CreateEvent函数解析
HANDLE CreateEvent(
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpEventAttributes,
BOOL bManualReset,
BOOL bInitialState,
LPCSTR lpName
);
bManualReset:TRUE,使用ResetEvent()手动重置为无信号状态;FALSE,当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置状态为无信号状态。
bInitialState:指定事件对象的初始状态,当TRUE,初始状态为有信号状态;当FALSE,初始状态为无信号状态。
下面主要演示一下采用CreateEvent实现多线程。
例子很简单,主要测试CreateEvent中bManualReset:和bInitialState参数的取值在线程调用中信号状态的情况。
测试1:
bManualReset:TRUE
bInitialState:TRUE
CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL); //使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时有信号状态
example.cpp
#include "iostream"
#include "windows.h"
usingnamespace std;
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam);
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam);
HANDLE hEvent = NULL;
HANDLE hThread1 = NULL;
HANDLE hThread2 = NULL;
int main(int argc, char *args[])
{
<span style="color:#ff0000;">hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL)</span>; //使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时有信号状态
//hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL); //当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置为无信号状态,初始是有信号状态
//if (SetEvent(hEvent))
//{
// cout << "setEvent 成功" <<endl;
//}
hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc1, NULL, 0,NULL);
Sleep(200);
hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc2, NULL, 0,NULL);
Sleep(200);
if ( NULL == hThread1)
{
cout <<"create thread fail!";
}
//DWORD dCount = ResumeThread(hThread);
//cout << LOWORD(dCount) << endl;
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam)
{
cout <<"in thread1@!"<<endl;
DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE);
if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn)
{
cout <<" thread1 signaled ! "<<endl;
}
cout <<"in thread1 --signal"<<endl;
//SetEvent(hEvent);
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam)
{
cout <<"in thread2@!"<<endl;
DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE);
if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn)
{
cout <<"thread2 signaled ! "<<endl;
}
cout <<"in thread2--signal"<<endl;
return 0;
}
执行结果:
从结果中看,执行完线程1又执行了线程2.
由于hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL),使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时有信号状态
所以hEvent一直处于有信号状态,无论是线程1释放后,hEvent仍处于有信号状态,所以线程2正常执行了。
测试2:
bManualReset:FALSE
bInitialState:TRUE
hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL); //当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置为无信号状态,初始是有信号状态
example2.cpp
#include "iostream"
#include "windows.h"
usingnamespace std;
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam);
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam);
HANDLE hEvent = NULL;
HANDLE hThread1 = NULL;
HANDLE hThread2 = NULL;
int main(int argc, char *args[])
{
//hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL); //使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时有信号状态
<span style="color:#ff0000;">hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL); </span>//当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置为无信号状态,初始是有信号状态
//if (SetEvent(hEvent))
//{
// cout << "setEvent 成功" <<endl;
//}
hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc1, NULL, 0,NULL);
Sleep(200);
hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc2, NULL, 0,NULL);
Sleep(200);
if ( NULL == hThread1)
{
cout <<"create thread fail!";
}
//DWORD dCount = ResumeThread(hThread);
//cout << LOWORD(dCount) << endl;
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam)
{
cout <<"in thread1@!"<<endl;
DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE);
if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn)
{
cout <<" thread1 signaled ! "<<endl;
}
cout <<"in thread1 --signal"<<endl;
//SetEvent(hEvent);
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam)
{
cout <<"in thread2@!"<<endl;
DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE);
if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn)
{
cout <<"thread2 signaled ! "<<endl;
}
cout <<"in thread2--signal"<<endl;
return 0;
}
从执行结果中分析,执行了线程1,线程2一直在等待,直到主线程结束。
由于hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL),当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置为无信号状态,初始是有信号状态
初始执行线程1的时候,hEvent是有信号的,所以线程1正常执行;又由于bManualReset=FALSE,所以执行完线程1后,hEvent自动重置为无信号状态,所以在线程2中,
WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE);
测试3:
bManualReset:TRUE
bInitialState:FALSE
hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);//使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时为无信号状态
example3.cpp
#include "iostream"
#include "windows.h"
usingnamespace std;
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam);
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam);
HANDLE hEvent = NULL;
HANDLE hThread1 = NULL;
HANDLE hThread2 = NULL;
int main(int argc, char *args[])
{
//hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL); //使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时有信号状态
//hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL); //当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置为无信号状态,初始是有信号状态
<span style="color:#ff0000;">hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);//使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时为无信号状态</span>
//if (SetEvent(hEvent))
//{
// cout << "setEvent 成功" <<endl;
//}
hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc1, NULL, 0,NULL);
Sleep(200);
hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc2, NULL, 0,NULL);
Sleep(200);
if ( NULL == hThread1)
{
cout <<"create thread fail!";
}
//DWORD dCount = ResumeThread(hThread);
//cout << LOWORD(dCount) << endl;
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam)
{
cout <<"in thread1@!"<<endl;
DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE);
if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn)
{
cout <<" thread1 signaled ! "<<endl;
}
cout <<"in thread1 --signal"<<endl;
//SetEvent(hEvent);
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam)
{
cout <<"in thread2@!"<<endl;
DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE);
if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn)
{
cout <<"thread2 signaled ! "<<endl;
}
cout <<"in thread2--signal"<<endl;
return 0;
}
执行结果,可想而知,只能输出:
in thread1@!
in thread2@!
修改:放开例子中的注释部分:
if (SetEvent(hEvent))//设置信号为有信号状态
{
cout << "setEvent 成功" <<endl;
}
执行结果:
可见,线程1和线程2都执行了。
因为调用SetEvent,事件变为有信号状态,线程1执行;又由于线程1释放后,hEvent仍旧处于有信号状态,所以线程2也执行了。
再修改:在线程1中,添加ResetEvent(hEvent)(手动设置事件为无信号状态),则线程2不会执行。
测试4:
bManualReset:FALSE
bInitialState:FALSE
hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);//线程释放后自动重置为无信号状态,初始化时为无信号状态
example4.cpp
#include "iostream"
#include "windows.h"
usingnamespace std;
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam);
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam);
HANDLE hEvent = NULL;
HANDLE hThread1 = NULL;
HANDLE hThread2 = NULL;
int main(int argc, char *args[])
{
//hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL); //使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时有信号状态
//hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL); //当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置为无信号状态,初始是有信号状态
//hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);//使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时为无信号状态
hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);//使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时为无信号状态
if (SetEvent(hEvent))
{
cout << "setEvent 成功" <<endl;
}
hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc1, NULL, 0,NULL);
Sleep(200);
hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc2, NULL, 0,NULL);
Sleep(200);
if ( NULL == hThread1)
{
cout <<"create thread fail!";
}
//DWORD dCount = ResumeThread(hThread);
//cout << LOWORD(dCount) << endl;
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam)
{
cout <<"in thread1@!"<<endl;
DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE);
if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn)
{
cout <<" thread1 signaled ! "<<endl;
}
cout <<"in thread1 --signal"<<endl;
//SetEvent(hEvent);
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam)
{
cout <<"in thread2@!"<<endl;
DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE);
if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn)
{
cout <<"thread2 signaled ! "<<endl;
}
cout <<"in thread2--signal"<<endl;
return 0;
}
执行结果:
由于调用SetEvent,hEvent为有信号状态,线程1正常执行,又由于调用完线程1后,hEvent自动重置为无信号状态,所以线程2只能在等待,直到主线程退出。
修改:线程1中的SetEvent(hEvent);的注释去掉,再运行,则线程1和线程2 都会执行。