今天接到通知,下周去一个新客户那边部署新环境,问题是时间还很紧,让下周一就去,时间紧还不是大问题,问题是产品的中间件Weblogic跟数据库Oracle我都好久没玩了,没得办法,只能提前演练一下了,为了下次找起来更加方便,就把过程整理到本博客上面来,也可以方便其他童鞋的查询吧。
谁要是跟我纠结时间这么紧,哪来的时间写博客的,我跟谁急哦!方便自己,也方便大家嘛!
华丽分割线
一.查看系统配置信息
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[root@web-db ~]
# hostname --fqdn //查看主机名
web-db
[root@web-db ~]
# ifconfig eth0 //查看本机IP地址
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 06:F1:96:00:00:C0
inet addr:192.168.153.153 Bcast:192.168.153.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::4f1:96ff:fe00:c0
/64
Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1706513 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:877952 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:2565533900 (2.3 GiB) TX bytes:59768622 (56.9 MiB)
[root@web-db ~]
# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.153.153 web-db
[root@web-db ~]
# cat /etc/redhat-release //查看RHEL发行版本
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.3 (Santiago)
[root@web-db ~]
# uname -m //查看本机CPU架构
x86_64
[root@web-db ~]
# free -m //查看内存跟交换分区信息
total used
free
shared buffers cached
Mem: 7870 2876 4993 0 12 2609
-/+ buffers
/cache
: 254 7616
Swap: 5760 0 5760
[root@web-db ~]
# df -H //查看分区挂载信息
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
9.1G 3.6G 5.1G 41% /
tmpfs 4.2G 0 4.2G 0%
/dev/shm
/dev/vda1
508M 33M 449M 7%
/boot
/dev/vdb5
30G 181M 28G 1%
/u01
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当然,有朋友会问:你用的是物理机还是虚拟机?
我这么有钱,想想就知道我用的是什么了,是不是?
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[root@web-db ~]
# lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU
op
-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 8
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-7
Thread(s) per core: 1
Core(s) per socket: 1
CPU socket(s): 8
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 13
Stepping: 3
CPU MHz: 2393.998
BogoMIPS: 4787.99
Hypervisor vendor: KVM
Virtualization
type
: full
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 4096K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-7
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咦? 怎么不是物理机,我说我什么时候这么有钱的呢?用的还是KVM虚拟机。
呵呵,开个玩笑,我们继续技术交流,禁止鄙视使用虚拟机的屌丝!
二.配置系统YUM源,安装依赖包
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[root@web-db ~]
# mount /dev/sr0 /media/
mount
: block device
/dev/sr0
is write-protected, mounting
read
-only
[root@web-db ~]
# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo
[rhel6u3-core]
name=rhel6u3-core
baseurl=
file
:
///media
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
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[root@web-db ~]
# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: product-
id
, subscription-manager
Updating certificate-based repositories.
Unable to
read
consumer identity
Cleaning repos: rhel6u3-core
Cleaning up Everything
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[root@web-db ~]
# cat package.list //需要安装的依赖包信息列表
binutils
compat-libcap1
compat-libstdc++-33
compat-libstdc++-33*.i686
elfutils-libelf-devel
gcc
gcc-c++
glibc*.i686
glibc
glibc-devel
glibc-devel*.i686
ksh
libgcc*.i686
libgcc
libstdc++
libstdc++*.i686
libstdc++-devel
libstdc++-devel*.i686
libaio
libaio*.i686
libaio-devel
libaio-devel*.i686
make
sysstat
unixODBC
unixODBC*.i686
unixODBC-devel
unixODBC-devel*.i686
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[root@web-db ~]
# yum install `cat package.list` -y //安装依赖包
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三.修改内核参数
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[root@web-db ~]
# cp /etc/sysctl.conf \
/etc/sysctl
.conf_20131016.bak
//
备份文件
[root@web-db ~]
# cat /etc/sysctl.conf //在文件爱呢最后添加如下
##==========Setting For Oracle 11G R2============##
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.
file
-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
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[root@web-db ~]
# sysctl -p //让修改立即生效
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
error:
"net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables"
is an unknown key
error:
"net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables"
is an unknown key
error:
"net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables"
is an unknown key
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.
file
-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
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四. 创建Oracle用户以及相关权限修改
1. 创建oracle 用户组跟用户
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[root@web-db ~]
# groupadd oinstall
[root@web-db ~]
# groupadd dba
[root@web-db ~]
# useradd -g oinstall -G dba -m oracle
[root@web-db ~]
# echo oracle |passwd --stdin oracle //创建密码
Changing password
for
user oracle.
passwd
: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
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2. 修改限制
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[root@web-db ~]
# cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf.20131016.bak
##=============Setting For Oracle 11G R2=============##
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
[root@web-db ~]
# cat /etc/pam.d/login
##======Setting For Oracle 11G R2========##
session required pam_limits.so
[root@web-db ~]
# cat /etc/profile
##===Setting For Oracle 11G R2=====##
if
[ $USER =
"oracle"
];
then
if
[ $SHELL =
"/bin/ksh"
];
then
ulimit
-p 16384
ulimit
-n 65536
else
ulimit
-u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
[root@web-db ~]
# source /etc/profile
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3. 创建oracle安装目录以及配置相关变量
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创建安装oracle目录
[root@web-db ~]
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
[root@web-db ~]
# chown oracle:oinstall -R /u01/app/
[root@web-db ~]
# chmod -R 755 /u01/app/
[root@web-db ~]
# su - oracle
[oracle@web-db ~]$
cp
~/.bash_profile ~/.bash_profile.20131016.bak
[oracle@web-db ~]$
cat
~/.bash_profile
##====Setting For Oracle11g R2=====##
ORACLE_BASE=
/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE
/product/11
.2.0
/db_1
ORACLE_SID=clouddb
export
ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME
/bin
:$PATH
export
PATH
[oracle@web-db ~]$
source
~/.bash_profile
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五.开始安装Oracle软件
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[oracle@web-db oracle_install]$ ll
total 2295600
-rwxr--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 1239269270 Oct 16 17:03 linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
-rwxr--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 1111416131 Oct 16 17:05 linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
[oracle@web-db oracle_install]$ unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
[oracle@web-db oracle_install]$ unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
[oracle@web-db oracle_install]$
cd
database/
[oracle@web-db database]$
ls
doc
install
response rpm runInstaller sshsetup stage welcome.html
[oracle@web-db database]$
exit
//
回到root用户
[root@web-db ~]
# xhost + //如果没有安装图形化,可以[root@web-db ~]# yum groupinstall "Desktop" "X Window System" -y
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使用oracle用户开始安装
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[oracle@web-db database]$
export
DISPLAY=192.168.153.153:0.0
[oracle@web-db database]$ .
/runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 1728 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 5760 MB Passed
Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors. Actual 16777216 Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from
/tmp/OraInstall2013-10-17_11-14-21AM
. Please wait ...
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[root@web-db ~]
# id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root)
groups
=0(root) context=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023
[root@web-db ~]
# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of
/u01/app/oraInventory
.
Adding
read
,write permissions
for
group.
Removing
read
,write,execute permissions
for
world.
Changing groupname of
/u01/app/oraInventory
to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@web-db ~]
# /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...
The following environment variables are
set
as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME=
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the
local
bin directory: [
/usr/local/bin
]:
Copying dbhome to
/usr/local/bin
...
Copying oraenv to
/usr/local/bin
...
Copying coraenv to
/usr/local/bin
...
Creating
/etc/oratab
file
...
Entries will be added to the
/etc/oratab
file
as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.
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六. 配置监听器
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[oracle@web-db ~]$ netca
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Configuring Listener:LISTENER
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/bin/lsnrctl
start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The
exit
code is 0
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[oracle@web-db ~]$
cat
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/network/admin/listener
.ora
//
查看生成的文件
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = web-db)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER =
/u01/app/oracle
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[oracle@web-db ~]$ lsnrctl status
//
查看监听器状态
LSNRCTL
for
Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 17-OCT-2013 13:54:40
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=web-db)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR
for
Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 17-OCT-2013 13:48:10
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 6 min. 31 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/network/admin/listener
.ora
Listener Log File
/u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/web-db/listener/alert/log
.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=web-db)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The
command
completed successfully
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七. 创建数据库实例clouddb
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[oracle@web-db ~]$ dbca
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注意:这边的密码千万别包含@字,否则在创建数据库实例的时候,
报错:ORA-12154 tns could not resolve the connect identifier specified
八. 创建Oracle启动脚本
1.修改oratab文件
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[root@web-db ~]
# cp /etc/oratab /etc/oratab_20131017.bak
//N
改为 Y
[root@web-db ~]
# tail -n 1 /etc/oratab \
clouddb:
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1
:Y
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2. 修改dbstart跟dbshut脚本中ORACLE_HOME_LISTENER的值
【ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1 修改为 ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
】
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[root@web-db ~]
# cp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart_20131017.bak
[root@web-db ~]
# cp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbshut /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbshut_20131017.bak
[root@web-db ~]
# vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart //修改第80行
[root@web-db ~]
# vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbshut //修改第50行
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3.创建启动脚本文件
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[root@web-db ~]
# cat /etc/init.d/oracle
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 2345 98 10
# description: Oracle auto start-stop script.
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle
.
/etc/rc
.d
/init
.d
/functions
export
ORACLE_BASE=
/u01/app/oracle
export
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE
/product/11
.2.0
/db_1
export
ORACLE_SID=clouddb
export
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME
/bin
case
"$1"
in
start)
echo
"==start oracle=="
su
oracle -c
"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart"
su
oracle -c
"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole"
su
oracle -c
"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"
touch
/var/lock/subsys/oracle
echo
"`date` ==oracle startup successful== "
>>
/var/log/oracle11g
.log
;;
stop)
echo
"==shutdown oracle=="
su
oracle -c
"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut"
su
oracle -c
"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole "
su
oracle -c
"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"
rm
-f
/var/lock/subsys/oracle
echo
"`date` ==oracle shutdown successful== "
>>
/var/log/oracle11g
.log
;;
*)
echo
"Usage: "
$0
" start |stop "
exit
;;
esac
exit
0
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注意:上述脚本第2行chkconfig: 2345 98 10 中的98该值需要注意,我原来按照很多教程都写的99,发现系统重启之后,Oracle根本不会随机启动,查看发现有两个99的服务
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[root@web-db ~]
# ls /etc/rc2.d/S99*
/etc/rc2
.d
/S99local
/etc/rc2
.d
/S99oracle
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所以改成不存在的数值:98,测试通过,完美运行。
4. 赋予可执行权限,加入开机启动
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[root@web-db ~]
# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/oracle
[root@web-db ~]
# chkconfig --add oracle
[root@web-db ~]
# chkconfig oracle on
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5. 启动服务,查看是否成功
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[root@web-db ~]
# ps -ef |grep ora //没有ora真正进程
oracle 5598 1 0 13:23 pts
/0
00:00:00 dbus-launch --autolaunch 29eae0cf81f05ed989bd283900000022 --binary-syntax --close-stderr
oracle 5599 1 0 13:23 ? 00:00:00
/bin/dbus-daemon
--fork --print-pid 5 --print-address 7 --session
root 5803 1716 0 13:54 pts
/0
00:00:00
su
- oracle
oracle 5804 5803 0 13:54 pts
/0
00:00:00 -
bash
root 20479 20462 0 15:49 pts
/1
00:00:00
grep
oracle
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启动服务
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[root@web-db ~]
# service oracle start //启动oracle服务
Processing Database instance
"clouddb"
: log
file
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/startup
.log
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2009 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
https:
//web-db
:1158
/em/console/aboutApplication
Starting Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control .......... started.
------------------------------------------------------------------
Logs are generated
in
directory
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/web-db_clouddb/sysman/log
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再次查看ora进程
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[root@web-db ~]
# ps -ef |grep ora
oracle 5598 1 0 13:23 pts
/0
00:00:00 dbus-launch --autolaunch 29eae0cf81f05ed989bd283900000022 --binary-syntax --close-stderr
oracle 5599 1 0 13:23 ? 00:00:00
/bin/dbus-daemon
--fork --print-pid 5 --print-address 7 --session
root 5803 1716 0 13:54 pts
/0
00:00:00
su
- oracle
oracle 5804 5803 0 13:54 pts
/0
00:00:00 -
bash
oracle 20495 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/bin/tnslsnr
LISTENER -inherit
oracle 20632 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_clouddb
oracle 20634 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_vktm_clouddb
oracle 20638 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen0_clouddb
oracle 20640 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_diag_clouddb
oracle 20642 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbrm_clouddb
oracle 20644 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_clouddb
oracle 20646 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_dia0_clouddb
oracle 20648 1 1 15:49 ? 00:00:01 ora_mman_clouddb
oracle 20650 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_clouddb
oracle 20652 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_clouddb
oracle 20654 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_clouddb
oracle 20656 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_clouddb
oracle 20658 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_clouddb
oracle 20660 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmon_clouddb
oracle 20662 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_clouddb
oracle 20664 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_clouddb
oracle 20666 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_clouddb
oracle 20748 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_qmnc_clouddb
oracle 21053 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_cjq0_clouddb
oracle 21265 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/perl/bin/perl
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/bin/emwd
.pl dbconsole
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/web-db_clouddb/sysman/log/emdb
.
nohup
oracle 21289 21265 45 15:49 ? 00:00:26
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/jdk/bin/java
-server -Xmx384M -XX:MaxPermSize=400M -XX:MinHeapFreeRatio=20 -XX:MaxHeapFreeRatio=40 -DORACLE_HOME=
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1
-Doracle.home=
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/oc4j
-Doracle.oc4j.localhome=
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/web-db_clouddb/sysman
-DEMSTATE=
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/web-db_clouddb
-Doracle.j2ee.dont.use.memory.archive=
true
-Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=HTTPClient -Doracle.security.jazn.config=
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_web-db_clouddb/config/jazn
.xml -Djava.security.policy=
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_web-db_clouddb/config/java2
.policy -Djavax.net.ssl.KeyStore=
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/sysman/config/OCMTrustedCerts
.txt-Djava.security.properties=
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/oc4j/j2ee/home/config/jazn
.security.props -DEMDROOT=
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/web-db_clouddb
-Dsysman.md5password=
true
-Drepapi.oracle.home=
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1
-Ddisable.checkForUpdate=
true
-Doracle.sysman.ccr.ocmSDK.websvc.keystore=
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/jlib/emocmclnt
.ks -Dice.pilots.html4.ignoreNonGenericFonts=
true
-Djava.awt.headless=
true
-jar
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/oc4j/j2ee/home/oc4j
.jar -config
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_web-db_clouddb/config/server
.xml
oracle 21302 21265 1 15:49 ? 00:00:01
/u01/app/oracle/product/11
.2.0
/db_1/bin/emagent
oracle 21329 1 6 15:49 ? 00:00:03 oracleclouddb (LOCAL=NO)
oracle 21364 1 1 15:49 ? 00:00:00 oracleclouddb (LOCAL=NO)
oracle 21530 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_q000_clouddb
oracle 21532 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 ora_q001_clouddb
oracle 21777 1 0 15:49 ? 00:00:00 oracleclouddb (LOCAL=NO)
oracle 21782 1 1 15:49 ? 00:00:00 oracleclouddb (LOCAL=NO)
oracle 21830 1 0 15:50 ? 00:00:00 oracleclouddb (LOCAL=NO)
oracle 21837 1 0 15:50 ? 00:00:00 oracleclouddb (LOCAL=NO)
oracle 21840 1 7 15:50 ? 00:00:02 oracleclouddb (LOCAL=NO)
oracle 21861 1 8 15:50 ? 00:00:02 oracleclouddb (LOCAL=NO)
|
6登陆OEM,查看实例监控信息
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用户名:sys
密码:创建数据库实例的时候设置的密码,那边我提醒密码不要包含@字符的,你懂了吧。
连接身份:SYSDBA
-----------------------------------------------