linux 下DNS的配置三 辅DNS的配置
接上一篇
实验环境VMware 6.5.2 + RedHat Enterprise 5
已经建好了一个DNS的主要区域，这次试着做一个辅DNS
辅DNS只是负责分流，防止主DNS 由于负载过重而导致客户端解析时间过长
一旦主DNS不存在了，那辅DNS 也就起不到解析的作用了，
首先 禁掉防火墙，配ip
[root@localhost ~]# setup
先选择 防火墙配置 （使用tab键切换）
用tab键切换 ，空格选择 上下箭头移动
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/resolv.conf
把dns指向自己
; generated by /sbin/dhclient-script
search router
nameserver 192.168.0.6
保存退出
下一步 挂光盘 安装DNS所需的四个rpm包
[root@localhost ~]#
cd /mnt
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
cdrom hgfs
[root@localhost mnt]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@localhost mnt]# cd /mnt/cdrom/Server
[root@localhost Server]#
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -ivh bind-
bind-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm
bind-chroot-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm
bind-devel-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm
bind-libbind-devel-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm
bind-libs-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm
bind-sdb-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm
bind-utils-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -ivh bind-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm
warning: bind-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:bind ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -ivh bind-utils-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm
warning: bind-utils-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
package bind-utils-9.3.3-10.el5 is already installed
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -ivh cach
cachefilesd-0.8-2.el5.i386.rpm
caching-nameserver-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -ivh caching-nameserver-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm
warning: caching-nameserver-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:caching-nameserver ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Server]# rpm -ivh bind-chroot-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm
warning: bind-chroot-9.3.3-10.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:bind-chroot ########################################### [100%]
[root@localhost Server]#
下一步 编辑配置文件
[root@localhost Server]# cd /var/named/chroot/etc
[root@localhost etc]# ls
localtime named.caching-nameserver.conf named.rfc1912.zones rndc.key
[root@localhost etc]# vi named.conf
关键部位配置文件如下
// generated by named-bootconf.pl
options {
directory "/var/named";
/*
* If there is a firewall between you and nameservers you want
* to talk to, you might need to uncomment the query-source
* directive below. Previous versions of BIND always asked
* questions using port 53, but BIND 8.1 uses an unprivileged
* port by default.
*/
// query-source address * port 53;
};
//
// a caching only nameserver config
//
controls {
inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndckey; };
};
zone "." IN {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};
zone "localhost" IN {
type master;
file "localhost.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "named.local";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "sina.com" IN {
type slave;
file "slaves/sina.zone";
masters { 192.168.0.5; };
};
zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type slave;
file "slaves/sina.local";
masters { 192.168.0.5; };
};
zone "sohu.com" IN {
type slave;
file "slaves/sohu.zone";
masters { 192.168.0.5; };
};
include "/etc/rndc.key";
-- INSERT --
保存退出
这里需要注意的是，建议源文件尽量不要动，复制后在进行操作，注意标点符号(;)少了没有
这里类型 换成辅DNS （type slave;）
存储位置 应该是（file "
slaves/sina.zone";）
还有就是标明哪个是主DNS （masters {
192.168.0.5;
};）注意里面的空格
[root@localhost etc]# service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
[root@localhost etc]#
重启服务
这时我们可以ping一下 看看网通不通
[root@localhost etc]# ping 192.168.0.5
PING 192.168.0.5 (192.168.0.5) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.20 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.5: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.165 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.5: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.164 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.5: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.186 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.5: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.180 ms
--- 192.168.0.5 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.164/0.380/1.205/0.412 ms
[root@localhost etc]#
也可以 telnet一下他的53号端口
[root@localhost etc]# telnet 192.168.0.5 53
Trying 192.168.0.5...
Connected to [url]www.sina.com[/url] (192.168.0.5).
Escape character is '^]'.
^]
telnet> quit
Connection closed.
[root@localhost etc]#
（^]）这个符号是按住ctrl + 右（]}）的，之后选择quit 退出
这时我们找到slaves目录，看看他的下面有没有把主DNS中的正向和反向区域文件复制过来
[root@localhost etc]# cd /var/named/chroot/var/named
[root@localhost named]# ls
data localhost.zone named.ca named.local slaves
localdomain.zone named.broadcast named.ip6.local named.zero
[root@localhost named]# cd slaves
[root@localhost slaves]# ls
sina.local sina.zone sohu.zone
[root@localhost slaves]#
文件复制的没有问题，接下来我们来测试一下
[root@localhost slaves]# nslookup [url]www.sina.com[/url]
Server: 127.0.0.1
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
Name: [url]www.sina.com[/url]
Address: 192.168.0.5
[root@localhost slaves]# nslookup [url]www.sohu.com[/url]
Server: 127.0.0.1
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
Name: [url]www.sohu.com[/url]
Address: 192.168.0.5
[root@localhost slaves]# nslookup 192.168.0.5
Server: 127.0.0.1
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
5.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = [url]www.sohu.com.[/url]
5.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = [url]www.sina.com.[/url]
[root@localhost slaves]#
ok，正向和反向都没有问题
成功解析
写到最后，此次试验如果不成功，首先检查自己的拼写错误，注意文件名中的.和,的 区别
谨祝各位实验顺利
本文转自 yuzeying1 51CTO博客，原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/yuzeying/153728
