LVS DR + Keepalived 负载均衡配置详解（测试篇）

 一、启动服务

1、在每台RS（真实服务器）上绑定LVS的虚拟IP及抑制ERP

1. [root@LVS_RS_104 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/lvs_dr.sh start 
2. RealServer Start OK 
3. [root@LVS_DR_103 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/lvs_dr.sh start 
4. RealServer Start OK 

2、启动LVS主的Keepalived服务 并查看日志 /var/log/messages

1. [root@LVS_Master_101 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start 
2. 正在启动 keepalived：                                      [确定] 
3. [root@LVS_Master_101 ~]# tail -f  /var/log/messages 
4. Jan 22 04:06:28 centos1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Using MII-BMSR NIC polling thread... 
5. Jan 22 04:06:28 centos1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.101 added 
6. Jan 22 04:06:28 centos1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink reflector 
7. Jan 22 04:06:28 centos1 Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink command channel 
8. Jan 22 04:06:29 centos1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE 
9. Jan 22 04:06:30 centos1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE 
10. Jan 22 04:06:30 centos1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs. 
11. Jan 22 04:06:30 centos1 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.1.181 
12. Jan 22 04:06:30 centos1 Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink: skipping nl_cmd msg... 
13. Jan 22 04:06:30 centos1 avahi-daemon[1261]: Registering new address record for 192.168.1.181 on eth0.IPv4. 

3、启动备的Keeplived服务，并查看日志

1. [root@LVS_Backup_114 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start 
2. 正在启动 keepalived：                                      [确定] 
3. [root@LVS_Backup_114 ~]# cat /var/log/messages  
4. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived: Starting Keepalived v1.1.17 (01/13,2013) 
5. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=1528 
6. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived: Starting VRRP child process, pid=1529 
7. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Using MII-BMSR NIC polling thread... 
8. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_healthcheckers: Using MII-BMSR NIC polling thread... 
9. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.114 added 
10. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.114 added 
11. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink reflector 
12. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_healthcheckers: Registering Kernel netlink command channel 
13. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink reflector 
14. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink command channel 
15. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Registering gratutious ARP shared channel 
16. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.  #打开Keepalived的主配置文件
17. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: Configuration is using : 62711 Bytes 
18. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE  #进入备 角色
19. Jan 22 04:17:29 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(10,11)] 

4、使用ipvsadm -Ln查看状态

1. [root@LVS_Master_101 ~]# ipvsadm  
2. IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)  
3. Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags  
4.   -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn  
5. TCP  192.168.1.181:http rr persistent 50  
6.   -> 192.168.1.104:http           Route   1      0          0           
7.   -> 192.168.1.103:http           Route   1      0          0   

如果输出和上面的一致表明 LVS + Keepalived安装配置成功。接下来测试负载均衡和高可用。

二、测试负载均衡

1、在192.168.1.103和192.168.1.104上分别执行如下命令（在这里放不同的内容是为了方便测试，在生产环境中内容应该是相同的）：

1. 在192.168.1.103上执行下面命令 
2. [root@LVS_RS_104 ~]# echo "The is server 103" >/var/www/html/index.html 
3. 在192.168.1.104上执行下面命令 
4. [root@LVS_DR_103 ~]# echo "The is server 104" >/var/www/html/index.html 

2、用两个不同的浏览器访问 http://192.168.1.181

我们看到上面两个浏览器访问到的是不同的RS服务器，负载均衡测试完成。

三、测试高可用：

1、关闭主LVS的Keepalived服务，查看备LVS的日志

[root@LVS_Master_101 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived stop

停止 keepalived：                                          [确定]

1. [root@LVS_Backup_114 ~]# cat /dev/null >/var/log/messages  
2. [root@LVS_Backup_114 ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages  
3. Jan 22 04:41:09 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE  #在没收到主LVS的心跳检测后过度到主
4. Jan 22 04:41:10 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE  #进入主的角色
5. Jan 22 04:41:10 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs. #设置虚VIP协议
6. Jan 22 04:41:10 test Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.181 added  #添加192.168.1.181IP地址
7. Jan 22 04:41:10 test avahi-daemon[1180]: Registering new address record for 192.168.1.181 on eth0.IPv4.  #将192.168.1.181绑定到eth0上
8. Jan 22 04:41:10 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 192.168.1.181  #
9. Jan 22 04:41:10 test Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink: skipping nl_cmd msg... 

2、启动主LVS的Keepalived服务，查看备节点的日志

[root@LVS_Master_101 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start

正在启动 keepalived：                                      [确定]

查看备的日志如下

[root@LVS_Backup_114 ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages 

Jan 22 04:47:42 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received higher prio advert

Jan 22 04:47:42 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

Jan 22 04:47:42 test Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.

Jan 22 04:47:42 test Keepalived_healthcheckers: Netlink reflector reports IP 192.168.1.181 removed

Jan 22 04:47:42 test avahi-daemon[1180]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.1.181 on eth0.

Jan 22 04:47:42 test Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink: skipping nl_cmd msg...

在主LVS挂掉以后，备LVS会接替主节点的工作，主LVS起来以后，备LVS会把工作交给主节点

本文转自1594cqb 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/wolfchen/1123498，如需转载请自行联系原作者